| 00:01 | e I ask you a question? time. Yeah, Like a. |
|
| 00:10 | hardest thing for me is after, when trying to start with the well |
|
| 00:14 | . Either a two D three D declined to help, Like late in |
|
| 00:16 | the two world. And then the that I have to go from a |
|
| 00:20 | to a straight line and try to high, Everything back around always. |
|
| 00:23 | I'm using the shells alone to I always get super confused on, |
|
| 00:30 | , correlating the sand bodies back and . And sometimes I get super messed |
|
| 00:34 | where I've got, um, I'm correlating the top of one unit |
|
| 00:37 | the bottom of another or something like . That's how they, uh, |
|
| 00:42 | bust. Yeah, there's no there's simple that you have to use your |
|
| 00:50 | , you know, and we'll talk this more than the next lecture. |
|
| 00:57 | about what I call model driven Right. So you know what? |
|
| 01:03 | ? What concept? You used to do a correlation. So, |
|
| 01:09 | yeah, let's get back to the . And then I think I think |
|
| 01:13 | that question probably you could all see slide again. We get there. |
|
| 01:19 | , we left off you out. , So part of the point is |
|
| 01:27 | on this slide here that, you , we got terror truncation, you |
|
| 01:31 | , a parachute conspired, side We've got down lap. I should |
|
| 01:35 | asking you to do this, You know, tell me what the |
|
| 01:38 | is. Very right. Uh, we're sort of interpreting those based on |
|
| 01:42 | well known fluctuations so that straight truncation interpreted, not observed directly now. |
|
| 01:51 | mean, you might say, you know. Okay, that's |
|
| 01:53 | So, you know, we're not that it's down. I think it |
|
| 01:58 | disappear, so but you know Z And even in seismic data, |
|
| 02:03 | know, when you see two reflections together, you know, maybe the |
|
| 02:08 | continues its just a scythe. E a question, sir. Is it |
|
| 02:17 | ? Maybe I missed it, but is a three D seismic volume in |
|
| 02:22 | area. No. Okay, but are some two D seismic profiles. |
|
| 02:28 | , it doesn't really matter. If was gonna put the waves on |
|
| 02:31 | it would look like that. All this con forms would be Would |
|
| 02:36 | would be with the way. This This is Alberta Basin. You got |
|
| 02:41 | problems? Glaciation, terrain way. get good seismic data from from the |
|
| 02:47 | Deep Basin, right? Yeah. not a good place to do any |
|
| 02:51 | with photography. All this amazing geology you would almost never see on the |
|
| 02:56 | size and how deep it was. , this is said. Yeah, |
|
| 03:04 | a couple of 1000 m deep. not that, you know deep |
|
| 03:07 | Yeah. Okay. Frosties loathe velocity between sandwich isn't great getting it |
|
| 03:14 | Alberta. Based on it, z kind of pretty tight reservoirs. So |
|
| 03:19 | they're not particularly old rocks, they're tight. Well cemented and size of |
|
| 03:22 | just. Yeah, mhm. Which again, which is not a point |
|
| 03:28 | you got really bad seismic data. may not see all these great |
|
| 03:32 | I'm showing the side lines that have picked because they show up on |
|
| 03:36 | But there's a lot of side you at, you say I can't see |
|
| 03:41 | , all of them, you So there you go. You |
|
| 03:44 | So this cross section you like I think is a simple cross section from |
|
| 03:49 | larger cross section back in the day sprained. My big cross sections have |
|
| 03:54 | 20 ft long and I stick up the E anyway. Come. It's |
|
| 04:02 | of stop doing that because it's just much to carry around here. I'm |
|
| 04:05 | a blip on the prologue, and just It probably gets truncated there. |
|
| 04:11 | just disappeared. I just can't carry well, so I'm quite happy to |
|
| 04:14 | a market for a while on, jump to something else, right? |
|
| 04:18 | there's a marker, right? It looks like it on laps. |
|
| 04:20 | one there and it just it just . I just couldn't constantly pick it |
|
| 04:25 | the adjacent well, so I just to another one, you know, |
|
| 04:28 | it still managed to sort of get overall, lack our relationships to mark |
|
| 04:32 | big blackout services, which big, black lines on this particular process. |
|
| 04:38 | may have to correlate multiple markers or on the well log, and you'll |
|
| 04:43 | now that I'm not using secret structural anymore. But sometimes you just see |
|
| 04:47 | mark on a well log, and nice if you know what it |
|
| 04:50 | It's nice if it's something that correlates clear office law surface. But |
|
| 04:56 | you know, just might be a highly cemented authorized It may correlate with |
|
| 05:01 | surface, and you sort of hope the best, right? So there |
|
| 05:04 | a bit of art sometimes, according , uh, this is very organized |
|
| 05:09 | where plants has deliberately picked the of course, in Paris sequences. |
|
| 05:13 | it's pretty clear what, What the is in the head Horrific part of |
|
| 05:17 | When you get distantly and start to you maybe maybe a bit more guests |
|
| 05:23 | Look at a chance to practice that ? When I give your assignment |
|
| 05:27 | you actually already happy scientists. uh, you probably haven't looked a |
|
| 05:31 | I remember. I think I already you this. This is the pseudo |
|
| 05:34 | on display from Carthage field thistles Work by Jared Hammer with my U H |
|
| 05:39 | students when he was a full time Anadarko and they allowed him Thio have |
|
| 05:45 | project, which is Reservoir Characterization Carthage , and also have that to be |
|
| 05:50 | master's thesis. Um, he, course exactly did exact same thing that |
|
| 05:53 | done which took this class on. he applied the hey applied this lecture |
|
| 06:00 | that data set looking it, and was kind of student that got an |
|
| 06:05 | plus and figure out exactly how to his online and understood. You know |
|
| 06:10 | he had to do that to correlate big flooding surfaces and, uh, |
|
| 06:15 | the Paris sequences on that allowed him thio map the a p d r |
|
| 06:22 | combination successions. Very nice piece of . Still kind of sad that would |
|
| 06:26 | that, Uh And then here's an of work that one of my PhD |
|
| 06:32 | , based on very detailed outcrop measured in the fair and stand stone in |
|
| 06:38 | . And this is about 20 kilometers strategic graffiti so that the outcrop sections |
|
| 06:44 | no more than about a kilometer half parts and closer. And it |
|
| 06:49 | , you know, the the measure are close enough together that they over |
|
| 06:54 | the Paris sequences, allowing us to them on, then in for the |
|
| 06:59 | our relationship. In some places, know the lack of relationships occurring. |
|
| 07:04 | that covered way don't have good but nevertheless way thought we were ableto |
|
| 07:09 | what's going on. Right. you know, you know, sometimes |
|
| 07:13 | down off occurs in areas between Uh, you know, But clearly |
|
| 07:19 | know this units in this court, section, that section, that's that |
|
| 07:23 | that's gone there. Uh, you so again, way over, |
|
| 07:27 | some of things on that allows us , uh, Thio observed that there |
|
| 07:31 | a lot of forms in here on helps drive how we do correlations. |
|
| 07:36 | notice the correlation start is definitely very . Flu deal. You have relatively |
|
| 07:41 | top channel bouts with erosion basis flat channel about with erosion basis, |
|
| 07:48 | top channel, about erosion basis. is There is some weird security here |
|
| 07:53 | probably relates to the fact that we've a lower date and rather upper datum |
|
| 07:58 | some of these calls. May compact 21. So there may be some |
|
| 08:03 | effects here. It's also possible this V shaped thing here might relate to |
|
| 08:09 | little bit of structural uplift here and draped over a sort of structure. |
|
| 08:15 | , but the point being is that that way. So go to the |
|
| 08:21 | . You know, uh, step was looked at the regional pair of |
|
| 08:26 | . See is on the map This seems kind of out towards that |
|
| 08:30 | . So that allowed us to broadly proximate Vista way. No, this |
|
| 08:34 | gonna be the intersection that looks the . And so it's floating on |
|
| 08:38 | It's Marine below that were able to the various wealth is law flooding |
|
| 08:43 | Okay, as well as the erosion . A channel about caps, you |
|
| 08:48 | , in each section. And then we start making them together with, |
|
| 08:54 | sometimes you got close to space data you can check with correlations. Looks |
|
| 08:58 | the flu, Leo versus the main . How the challenge that's gonna go |
|
| 09:04 | then that this is just a schematic of that same cross section with with |
|
| 09:09 | taken taken off so you could just the correlations Better e. Once you've |
|
| 09:14 | correlations done, you could start analyzing stacking patterns. So this is the |
|
| 09:19 | patterns. This is, uh, toupee in this little basically shift |
|
| 09:24 | So it's It's what you generational from point that presidents and it's retro |
|
| 09:30 | At that point, it's aggregation of thing. There's another degradation start all |
|
| 09:35 | way down to hear that it goes all that back step. So |
|
| 09:39 | traditional backed aggregation all and we have that it degrades the grades again, |
|
| 09:45 | again that it degrades jokes Lambert away to here and then pro grades to |
|
| 09:51 | next 18 success. So those the that you have a p d that |
|
| 09:57 | under the drop recreation of the a a big drop that I showed overall |
|
| 10:02 | , back stepping retro gradation another a d. A long forced aggression, |
|
| 10:07 | back step and so on. And so a lot of these units. |
|
| 10:13 | we're doing is we're typically picking mud sandstone. Contact mud stones above the |
|
| 10:19 | surfaces. The very first one would is protect the banks lines completely with |
|
| 10:23 | stones. That's the date with Lousteau . So we use the markets in |
|
| 10:29 | mud stones at the beginning of the on typically, we sort of fit |
|
| 10:36 | sand stones in between the mud stones go through the key environmental information. |
|
| 10:41 | the record most of the geological Uh, in weather dogs, you |
|
| 10:47 | not be other sea life out directly must interplay between on. The interpretation |
|
| 10:54 | wells depends on whether or not you rocks basically flat line. Whether they |
|
| 10:59 | climate forms, they climb reforms. saw what they did, seamer. |
|
| 11:03 | did. They did laterally what direction did on that can that can be |
|
| 11:09 | by what you understand about regional. , darling, Because all the way |
|
| 11:12 | to step one. So the geological used currently they required good work on |
|
| 11:18 | one. Get the big picture. work on step to understand what the |
|
| 11:22 | are. Good work. Will uh, off off three, which |
|
| 11:31 | the walls. Small break. Good on step four, which is looking |
|
| 11:35 | spaced data sites. Um, our times have a very difficult time with |
|
| 11:41 | concept. Part effects. I've always disappointed when people show me their auto |
|
| 11:46 | , Uh, coronations in, oil students. The trick, of |
|
| 11:53 | , is that you have thio, know? So you have to use |
|
| 11:57 | , ideas and training to do correlations . What models will pick, |
|
| 12:02 | The idea that model is driven by understanding of the regional geology on your |
|
| 12:08 | . Faces right and faces Includes your of like, oh, Delta's con |
|
| 12:14 | channel belts relatively tablet, but have of margins right? Way back, |
|
| 12:21 | the postman chair with slapping clock reforms channel belts. And remember, you |
|
| 12:27 | , we know Jo McGowan, who only 10 to 20 years old, |
|
| 12:31 | Henry would would say, Henry's just model driven. It was like, |
|
| 12:36 | , so bad. He's model but we're always talking observations First, |
|
| 12:41 | changes later. You know, never your biased rob your interpretation. I'm |
|
| 12:47 | , How can you not do You know, if you don't have |
|
| 12:50 | concept or model, you know, what these are correlation programs when they |
|
| 12:54 | a really crappy job, you So totally objective correlations, I would |
|
| 13:00 | , probably don't exist, you because you have a complete data you |
|
| 13:04 | to use some concepts, will decide to interpret, you know all the |
|
| 13:09 | programs. They can't put those geological and heuristics into making better correlations. |
|
| 13:17 | I would argue that you have to moderately if you like the word |
|
| 13:21 | Just use the word hypothesis. Every understands that we have to do we |
|
| 13:27 | to stay the hypothesis that we're gonna way hypothesize. This is Delta. |
|
| 13:32 | try calling with platforms. Well, worked. Well, you know that |
|
| 13:35 | matches the troops over the years or you know, we hypothesized these clown |
|
| 13:41 | . We've done a correlation. Makes sense, doesn't match the field |
|
| 13:45 | Maybe maybe we need to pick another , right? Way need to |
|
| 13:50 | And an ideology all the time. use multiple working hypotheses. So, |
|
| 13:55 | know, this is a very traditional of doing geology. When I hear |
|
| 14:00 | geologist complain about being older, I'm , dude, like, do you |
|
| 14:04 | something better for me to use? all here, you know, |
|
| 14:07 | you know, I think I've got pretty good suite of models that I |
|
| 14:10 | in my brain. You've got a models. If you think using no |
|
| 14:14 | is better proven surely corporations about I think so. You're correlations of Europe's |
|
| 14:19 | liquor's demographic. They failed to find planet forms. Mr. Reservoir CEO |
|
| 14:23 | . I'm sorry, but you're right? You have increased the risk |
|
| 14:27 | our play and you're losing money for company. Right? So I tend |
|
| 14:31 | get pretty spicy about this stuff because just seen people get very angry about |
|
| 14:36 | dream. Correlation with the work they is terrible. I'm like, Why |
|
| 14:39 | that better? You know what is wrong? Better just because I'm using |
|
| 14:43 | bit more a bit more conceptual hypothesis to try to reduce the risk by |
|
| 14:50 | more informed. Correlation. Yes, requires using concepts and models, you |
|
| 14:55 | . Yes, it's biased, but hope is that it's the right |
|
| 14:58 | It's a scientific bias based on knowledge and good knowledge of faces. |
|
| 15:03 | . It's particularly E. That's why hear, folks, you're here. |
|
| 15:08 | here to learn about what is the bias to use in an interpretation. |
|
| 15:14 | . Now, let me talk about . You know, this is kind |
|
| 15:17 | one of my pet topics or pet , you know. And if you |
|
| 15:22 | a series of problems, here's a of well, logs, you |
|
| 15:25 | I mean, you can't do a unless you hang them on something, |
|
| 15:30 | ? You could always hanging on sea rocks to then, you know, |
|
| 15:34 | , you know, if you have you know, if you have a |
|
| 15:38 | , we hang on sea level, is always angle because you're doing a |
|
| 15:41 | cross section. It's really hard to security in a structural oriented world. |
|
| 15:49 | we tend to like to hang things close to strata, graphically horizontal we |
|
| 15:55 | , and then and then to form rocks, according the structure later, |
|
| 15:58 | we're gonna put that into a reservoir exploration water. So here's some very |
|
| 16:03 | resolution 100 Hertz data from the help of the of the medics eroded off |
|
| 16:11 | coast of France, and it's pretty that there's some flooding surface here. |
|
| 16:16 | pretty continuous and smooth. Then they . And then there's some flooding circuses |
|
| 16:22 | have these little undulations in it. , of course, represents a step |
|
| 16:26 | aggressions waken interpret, But the contacts light blue, orange, green you |
|
| 16:33 | , some of them were smooth. of them are flat. They all |
|
| 16:38 | have even though some of them smooth they still have, you know, |
|
| 16:44 | dip across the service. So, know, if I just had a |
|
| 16:48 | of wells here and each of these the delta off, right? So |
|
| 16:54 | I'm gonna turn this into a well century. Part about three. |
|
| 16:57 | with that, of course, in , sequences on I could pick my |
|
| 17:00 | surface. Which one do I hang ? Right. So here's Here's the |
|
| 17:07 | line as it is, Let's just Well, you know, Mediterranean |
|
| 17:11 | So I'm gonna hang it on that . Flooding service like like the battle |
|
| 17:17 | the castle booth duck tongue on the . Example. What's gonna happen? |
|
| 17:22 | gonna It's gonna drag up all these . All of a sudden, it's |
|
| 17:27 | look like values. There's no values . These are all flopping Deltek |
|
| 17:33 | There's not a valid to be found in this area. So now we |
|
| 17:37 | misinterpret. Geology is incised valleys truncating units. There's there's a family margin |
|
| 17:43 | lower, Um, although when that's awful at Delta in the above |
|
| 17:46 | That's correct. That zone that you know, is an artifact of |
|
| 17:53 | the top data. Okay, so the book cliffs. They found the |
|
| 17:59 | section of the locked up and lookie . We've got parasites. We've got |
|
| 18:03 | cloud forms, they're dipping seaward. now they're they're different language. They're |
|
| 18:10 | legs. They're taking the night. these acclimate form data. That's photography |
|
| 18:16 | they wanted a top datum, they that. We have to make it |
|
| 18:19 | like about Guess how John Van Wagoner all these temptations, as in |
|
| 18:25 | violence what they may not do. we see how the use of the |
|
| 18:30 | of the top data foundation with sports cloud reform package now he would have |
|
| 18:36 | better to use a lower datum. unfortunately that they there are good data |
|
| 18:43 | these Shales. But they're all covered covered something. The promise they weren't |
|
| 18:47 | for the job, just have access . So he was forced. It |
|
| 18:50 | not today. But in doing he distorted his captivity. That's not |
|
| 18:57 | . If you understand the distortion you're to sort of, if you will |
|
| 19:00 | through it. Fan backer wasn't so made an erroneous interpretation with these as |
|
| 19:06 | size valleys on. I'm gonna give an entire lecture on that in a |
|
| 19:10 | of weeks. So remember that I'm not criticizing the cross section. |
|
| 19:17 | pointing out how the choice of data bandwagon had no choice but to use |
|
| 19:22 | he didn't have the lower security but it did destroy security. I |
|
| 19:26 | think he fully under spirit, how distorted photography. And what's amazing is |
|
| 19:32 | John actually describes it in his and he actually in some ways sort |
|
| 19:37 | made his own mistakes. So, points out, this is a diagram |
|
| 19:41 | modified from textbooks. He shows two . So this is the same day |
|
| 19:47 | well on the upper diagram. They be outcrops sections. They picked the |
|
| 19:53 | of a thick short face and Al . You know, there's a |
|
| 19:58 | big cliff of sandstone, and then a big kickback recovered section, and |
|
| 20:02 | it's a very obvious little strata graphic , Okay, and then it's over |
|
| 20:07 | by intimated, uh, channels and deposits. That moment, way above |
|
| 20:14 | , is a contact between Marine Shales Horrific Food List settlements. But that's |
|
| 20:18 | , too, so that that's not real obvious pick in the outcome. |
|
| 20:24 | , but Job says no. That's main setting service that separates, you |
|
| 20:28 | , marine and, you know, marine and marine rocks below from a |
|
| 20:35 | share above. That's the maximum putting flattened on that. This contact between |
|
| 20:41 | split forming short face and the overlay rain. It may be a sharp |
|
| 20:45 | in one day, but it should a Zamel. It's not a time |
|
| 20:49 | any manufacturing floor in the new and then we recognize over thes units |
|
| 20:55 | trying for So in this unit we these weird sand stones at the shelf |
|
| 21:00 | correlate to nothing. So these should correlated. A strata graphic traps, |
|
| 21:05 | ? So you might say, Let's explore that it's a straight bat |
|
| 21:09 | From this diagram, any oil that to that sandstone is gonna is gonna |
|
| 21:13 | up. Most smooth track is way here, not down there. So |
|
| 21:17 | is that is not part that is an isolated threat. A graphic track |
|
| 21:20 | the lower model. It is in upper body. This is incorrect. |
|
| 21:25 | incorrect because because Zaman was was the battery, which is not a crime |
|
| 21:31 | graphic data. Okay. And you know, I read that text |
|
| 21:40 | on, you know, got the , as I tend to, you |
|
| 21:44 | , I understood John's message, and I was working on a geological geological |
|
| 21:51 | of the Western Canada separate basis. was looking at this unit called, |
|
| 21:57 | , Jumbo Sandstone with Alberta Base, it was very interesting things. Diagram |
|
| 22:04 | in a paper published by Lauren Rosenthal Roger Walker. Margin his masters with |
|
| 22:11 | and Lauren Did it alcohol strata Graphic analysis of Trump noted another big |
|
| 22:19 | rotations. Wedge. One of a got into an argument. Okay, |
|
| 22:26 | was Rogers Correlation Rogers data was the of the jungle big surface. And |
|
| 22:36 | making that a strata graphic data, was, you know what papers published |
|
| 22:40 | 87. So it was, you , Secret Service wasn't quite published |
|
| 22:45 | Um, and you know, Rodgers this weird lot of sand stones in |
|
| 22:49 | middle of basement go nowhere Where they , he's got exams going landward look |
|
| 22:55 | of weird on. Then he thought marine food, real faces that are |
|
| 22:59 | lane by marine share with the And he predicts that these, |
|
| 23:06 | jungo nor Marines faces here age equivalent the nomad trail. So he's making |
|
| 23:12 | specific predictions about the age relationship. formation now Lord unknown, had published |
|
| 23:19 | . His version of the correlations. was interesting in the paper Lawrence Correlation |
|
| 23:26 | mentioned in a paragraph, but they showed figure. So the only figure |
|
| 23:31 | was published with Rogers Correlations Launch once and published in a field, |
|
| 23:38 | that was kind of a what we gray lettuce your heart to get |
|
| 23:42 | I haven't seen this, So I unaware of this cross section. I |
|
| 23:46 | at that. Carly said that discount , they picked, they picked the |
|
| 23:50 | data that should be issues online. I said, the better service to |
|
| 23:54 | on this that regional flooding surface I don't think that Saddam is there |
|
| 24:00 | sections in the wrong place. So reorganized. Measure section on These are |
|
| 24:05 | on isolated sections on the thrust front the trip. So it's not the |
|
| 24:09 | geology to reconstruct. So I went , re correlated, uh, this |
|
| 24:16 | section shifting the position of that section just sticking some platforms. After after |
|
| 24:24 | did this work, I found this . There was pennies. Logical work |
|
| 24:28 | been done all these shows and they unequivocally that these shells were much older |
|
| 24:36 | these shells by almost two million years that correlation. So the nice thing |
|
| 24:41 | that by security supporting my college, interesting is I used to get this |
|
| 24:48 | as a one of my examples of secret particular course. And I was |
|
| 24:53 | the same course the chevron in 1989 unbeknownst to me and I gave the |
|
| 24:59 | I'm giving you and I haven't seen this I haven't seen. And so |
|
| 25:05 | was comparing this terrible with the strata correlation with the secret strata graphic correlation |
|
| 25:10 | , then showing how Roger did And he should have known that. |
|
| 25:15 | then one of the participants in the went upstairs. Lauren Rosenthal was consulted |
|
| 25:22 | Chevron and said Is this guy talked a charge trashing the spiritually, So |
|
| 25:27 | knew Lord Lord came back. He really angry, even coming out of |
|
| 25:31 | ears. And I never did You never saw my correlation, |
|
| 25:34 | do combat. Where was your correlation it? Well, in this |
|
| 25:38 | like okay, Yeah, I'm mister. Yeah. Yes. Not |
|
| 25:43 | good literature. Anyway, I was to give this talk at the CSU |
|
| 25:49 | , and, uh, I think was presiding over the session. That |
|
| 25:54 | , this is gonna be a master . I mean, was it was |
|
| 25:58 | back down, but I was like was really pretty angry. Roger was |
|
| 26:03 | the audience and Roger said, Have shit, you know? And in |
|
| 26:07 | end, you know, I gave talk. Of course. In the |
|
| 26:09 | , I showed Lawrence correlation. I , Look, I said Maurin did |
|
| 26:12 | better job than Roger, but because used to talk about him, he |
|
| 26:16 | the Paris something's up. I started talk to you. I just force |
|
| 26:20 | . Thio dips either right and, , and then your long combat and |
|
| 26:26 | , Yeah, okay, you know should which is that line? That's |
|
| 26:30 | It was a nice illustration. How you get three different correlations on. |
|
| 26:36 | only thing that's different is the choice the data. Um, now another |
|
| 26:43 | that I'll talk. I'll give you entire lecture about this tomorrow. Shannon |
|
| 26:48 | Shannon Sandstone is a big off or gas play in the middle of the |
|
| 26:55 | Powder River Basin. It's very It was interpreted in the seventies and |
|
| 27:01 | , a zone offshore bar. It interpreted by Exxon as an incised valley |
|
| 27:08 | was interpreted by Captain Bergman during the Off with my phone. PhD Supervisor |
|
| 27:14 | Walker has a low stand, aggressive shortcuts. And so the question |
|
| 27:20 | , how could Unit B flew the shallow marine and offshore shelf? I |
|
| 27:26 | , can't be all three on to a long story short if he was |
|
| 27:31 | bottom data, It looks like the . You know, some sort of |
|
| 27:35 | builds up if you talk date, , it looks like you showed in |
|
| 27:39 | Valley. And if you should have let things hang, maybe it could |
|
| 27:44 | , you know, something more like short faced for progression. The point |
|
| 27:48 | is these different interpretations are largely driven the choice of radio. Now, |
|
| 27:56 | I'll give you an entire lecture on we were able to resolve these different |
|
| 28:01 | on to say that tomorrow because we're stuck with methods here. Right? |
|
| 28:05 | we're moving to the examples that I'll back to some of these things in |
|
| 28:09 | lectures. I'm gonna repeat these slides tomorrow. So we worked in the |
|
| 28:15 | River basin, which is same base the shadow it is. Shana's camp |
|
| 28:21 | uh, campaigning age, I believe the the French air formation. |
|
| 28:29 | It's been older way. Have these stones way, sheriff. And you |
|
| 28:36 | , if we used to talk, they sort of looked like you shaping |
|
| 28:40 | valleys if he was a bottom date they can look like bumps with emotional |
|
| 28:45 | on top. So once again, see that the lab relations look |
|
| 28:51 | depending on depending on the data needs both meters. Bente mites that there's |
|
| 28:58 | evidence that their relative, when we a talk data, it looks like |
|
| 29:04 | headlights and folded on that suggests that is absolutely tectonic, structural and folding |
|
| 29:10 | on. So data can also pointed that structure. Heard, uh that |
|
| 29:17 | folding of these rocks occurred before the of that event. So we realized |
|
| 29:22 | these rocks were being performed throughout the on Let us to write a paper |
|
| 29:26 | tectonic on conformity ease in the powder basin. Well, just sort of |
|
| 29:33 | up. This'll data bit So in dump a gun. I use the |
|
| 29:39 | . And then, of course, know, and you notice that the |
|
| 29:43 | look good here and It's all getting bit too flat in the distant. |
|
| 29:47 | I'm losing the platforms because I'm using top day plant. In contrast to |
|
| 29:56 | , the question is, obviously shows concepts beautifully, right? So? |
|
| 30:02 | plants get a better job of showing pond forms. And I did. |
|
| 30:05 | question is, why did play music , David? And why did I |
|
| 30:09 | a top? Dave, You the answer is not obvious. |
|
| 30:14 | The reason is that I was working the done baking for me. There |
|
| 30:18 | is. Okay. And most. when I started work most of the |
|
| 30:23 | fields and done vague information stopped drilling they got through the sandstone and |
|
| 30:29 | So the consequence a lot of the did not have a lower data, |
|
| 30:34 | it stopped. Clinton works in areas to the north of mine where the |
|
| 30:40 | part of photography is up in the because it's exposed. So therefore, |
|
| 30:44 | didn't always have a top date. , so he picked bottom date. |
|
| 30:48 | we think we have a choice of use. It was based on what |
|
| 30:52 | was available in the data. I was I was aware of the |
|
| 30:57 | problem. So I did my best kind of correlate units knowing the climate |
|
| 31:01 | right away, even though they would a flat before just areas. But |
|
| 31:06 | certainly didn't interpret the pistol margins in Valley. And finally, you |
|
| 31:13 | you can use a structural data a in the diagram on the left. |
|
| 31:17 | , so these air hung on sea or 500 ft below sea level on |
|
| 31:21 | can clearly see there's two para you know, with stunning surfaces |
|
| 31:28 | But if I correlate those you everything gets re angle, it just |
|
| 31:31 | a mess, right? It's much should be. Correlate these Paris, |
|
| 31:34 | is if I flatten on something strata than if I hung on the structural |
|
| 31:39 | . Onda Structural data is good to at the structure, right, But |
|
| 31:45 | usually do that after you to find reservoir layers. Then you deformed them |
|
| 31:49 | converting it to a structural process. , That's so in terms of data |
|
| 31:56 | , you know, here's an example my correlations with done big and using |
|
| 32:01 | top date. Um, you I felt Paris sequences there. I've |
|
| 32:05 | a little bumpy things. Looking boy, that strong. It's like |
|
| 32:09 | same bumpy things you see in the data of a poor grading forced, |
|
| 32:13 | delta. So I should have rubbed stomach and say, Yeah, |
|
| 32:17 | correlations count Looks like a size with , you know. And you |
|
| 32:21 | the seismic line. If you were sort of a modern analog, that |
|
| 32:25 | me. Helps me be comfortable that done a good job off interpreting the |
|
| 32:29 | system. We now go to law last steps. So of course, |
|
| 32:37 | you have, you know detailed correlations your individual pair sequences, which essentially |
|
| 32:44 | reservoir sealed pairs. Alright, I at that sandstone like that sandstone like |
|
| 32:51 | mapped all these headstones. Here's what did. So here's a map of |
|
| 32:56 | Paris concealer Thursday in Size Valley. the low stab delta, and there's |
|
| 33:00 | map, right, and it looks a looks like a nice, big |
|
| 33:06 | size channel. Balance breaks up a channels and feeds a series of |
|
| 33:11 | So I was pretty happy with that makes sense of And, uh, |
|
| 33:16 | the ice pack up, just just the thickness of sand within the Paris |
|
| 33:23 | . And then here's the pain of maps will directly to be ice pack |
|
| 33:27 | that I made for the entire So this is, you know, |
|
| 33:32 | base here. So that's those that off the complex specific transgression, not |
|
| 33:38 | show that Alere against transgressed. Then another procreation with Harrison F two and |
|
| 33:45 | one. There's another big transgression that's map there, uh, that I'm |
|
| 33:52 | 4321 on. That's this set of but that youngest set of Delta's. |
|
| 33:59 | so, you know, these are detailed maps of 19 separate para geographic |
|
| 34:05 | of one formation. This'll was incredibly page geographic mapping with The key thing |
|
| 34:11 | , I pulled apart the formation into syriza parent. Geographic maps. Each |
|
| 34:17 | represented a potential reservoir. See a allowed for far greater prediction off where |
|
| 34:23 | best reservoir faces were. That could accomplished with regional Lysistrata graphic mapping that |
|
| 34:30 | done without the secret strata graphic So this route is The goal is |
|
| 34:34 | improve the quality of detailed of your . Okay, on, then, |
|
| 34:40 | just the rest of the maps interest we get to the younger parents sequences |
|
| 34:44 | started to see wave dominated back players Delta's On Eventually get much more |
|
| 34:51 | uh, looking money. Your face in the top part with Let me |
|
| 34:56 | the entire presentation of the Dunvegan So I will come back to this |
|
| 35:01 | now. I just want just to the incredible details. Just incredible number |
|
| 35:06 | maps that I was able to make all based on doing very details in |
|
| 35:12 | . Yes, it was painstaking but it allowed. It allowed me |
|
| 35:16 | make 19 maps off the separate page with within the field, as opposed |
|
| 35:23 | just wanting everything together Onda that allows a much more accurate reservoir description. |
|
| 35:29 | resident, imaginary better well, placement ultimately rejects risk. As I |
|
| 35:34 | not to pat myself on the All companies are still using these |
|
| 35:40 | Uh, thio, because now they're and doing horizontal wells at the lateral |
|
| 35:45 | of these reservoirs on. They keep me, and you're matches to a |
|
| 35:49 | good. They tell us where the spots are like great. Glad you're |
|
| 35:52 | my glad you're making money from my I have a question? Yes, |
|
| 35:58 | . Um I see. For this , of course, we need to |
|
| 36:02 | a lot of wealth. And I that, for example, working exploration |
|
| 36:08 | we don't have sometimes the luxury toe that many wells. So a detailed |
|
| 36:14 | , like bases most using some reservoir or later stages in the development? |
|
| 36:22 | . Yeah. I mean, I , you know, I'm sure one |
|
| 36:25 | the, you know, my very projecting Atlantic ritual company That's looking |
|
| 36:30 | And baby, they said, you , we'd really like to have sort |
|
| 36:33 | a project. That's the secret security our major fields. And of |
|
| 36:39 | I went up to Alaska and I give you that story next. |
|
| 36:44 | it's not very long. Uh, time goes and yeah, absolutely. |
|
| 36:49 | know, the secret Strada graphic re the field that have been described with |
|
| 36:54 | strata graphically resulted in much better field . Ah Ndure also correct. You |
|
| 37:01 | , some of this detail you simply have the details to do feel |
|
| 37:06 | But, um as I as I Oxy last week, You know, |
|
| 37:11 | lot of fields are pretty forgiving in early days of production. But 20 |
|
| 37:17 | later, you know when you've now know, the restaurant compartmentalization becomes really |
|
| 37:23 | . So many companies find that they to go back and and redo the |
|
| 37:27 | , contribute their major assets because the little strata graphic interpretations simply don't |
|
| 37:34 | You know, In fact, I'm starting a project with Oxy to explicitly |
|
| 37:39 | that concern that a major asset that have it's been producing since 1917. |
|
| 37:47 | , of course. If you see bunch of bills honest about wanna |
|
| 37:50 | you know, commonly, you know you're doing correlations and mapping. And |
|
| 37:54 | days it's easy to reiterate in the food donations make a map like |
|
| 37:59 | You know, Joseph said, you you gotta bust spread a. Does |
|
| 38:03 | go back and do another coronation with ? It's more tricky sometimes, you |
|
| 38:08 | , you know, in these diagrams position of a strong line on the |
|
| 38:13 | area where the lows being deposited if you will, that Staten |
|
| 38:18 | you know through time could be really clearly in that right on. People |
|
| 38:23 | talk enough about stacking patterns of Some features, like Channel channel about |
|
| 38:30 | maybe hard toe mad in, outdated because of a leasing. So |
|
| 38:36 | you'll see water gente referred to as . I love that word. It |
|
| 38:41 | nothing. But, you know, that's the best you could do |
|
| 38:45 | You know it's better to get away fairways and use a geological church fairly |
|
| 38:49 | there's a reason for more sand. there a fairly in town is because |
|
| 38:54 | where the rivers the vote is that that was the lower don't just prefer |
|
| 38:58 | be is because you have been saw valet. Why is there a fair |
|
| 39:02 | there? A lot of people use terms on a bad manager that we |
|
| 39:08 | because they like the word, but non technical, and it may give |
|
| 39:12 | false impression of risk. If you a nice word, that's no geological |
|
| 39:17 | at all. So I would advise not to use for fairy. Here's |
|
| 39:21 | saying, If you say so, is the fairway there? What's the |
|
| 39:25 | control? That explains why Sanders, not on the other things but the |
|
| 39:31 | . Logical explanation, maybe just guess questions, Right? So the last |
|
| 39:37 | that I call it is a real around thes air really useful. Protesting |
|
| 39:43 | about the general control on sequences. particular, correlation to global bed charts |
|
| 39:50 | another joints from and essentially involves taking physical stripper food, which has a |
|
| 39:58 | distance on the vertical axis and thickness the horizontal axis thickness on the vertical |
|
| 40:03 | and and should be with Tom. an example of uh and then what |
|
| 40:10 | do is compare your superior to something a globe er, either on lock |
|
| 40:14 | theon Lock chart is basically a real on then that's converted to the actual |
|
| 40:20 | See that occurred over geological time. what you could do is correlate your |
|
| 40:25 | diagram to an on lock chart and to see right on that could be |
|
| 40:30 | in regional scale reservoir of cereal and systems. Predictions. Okay, here's |
|
| 40:37 | example of the wheel of diagram it for, like, 11 done vague |
|
| 40:41 | . Okay, so that's kind of end. So way started with just |
|
| 40:47 | the importance of having a regional mostly to say Where's land and sea |
|
| 40:53 | that allows you Thio. Guess Deposition of striking it will be, |
|
| 40:58 | know, that allows you to guess Delta's did The client forms dip in |
|
| 41:02 | direction that the main value of off regional work deposition of faces allied to |
|
| 41:09 | a priority by dealing with marine sequences might have platforms or through the rocks |
|
| 41:15 | might be more channel about whether social wolf is law is one of the |
|
| 41:21 | ideas geology that's critical for identifying bound , whether or not those surfaces are |
|
| 41:28 | , be established by looking at closely data off and then and then slowed |
|
| 41:34 | , expanding the correlations to regional Uh, typically you focus on Carly |
|
| 41:41 | stones first, typically picking mud stone on, then ultimately fitting sand stones |
|
| 41:49 | between the mud stones got Lutai. is easier doing workstations, uh, |
|
| 41:56 | counter asked about wells facing the wear eighties. If you're Wells, get |
|
| 42:01 | you're coordinated wells 24 hours apart, probably gonna be eighties and things, |
|
| 42:05 | you're gonna underestimate on over Carly. , which means you're gonna overestimate the |
|
| 42:11 | revels reservoirs. Probably you have to and circulate laugh out truncation to identify |
|
| 42:19 | sequences of systems tracked tracks, and you make your maps and maps will |
|
| 42:23 | better, depending on the degree of . You have a quality correlations. |
|
| 42:28 | of you probably will never make Try graphic charts. Will, because |
|
| 42:32 | have to do it for the class I think they're really important to theoretically |
|
| 42:37 | , you know, and this. if you're, you know, as |
|
| 42:40 | way told me if you're if you're conventional useful figuring out where you're |
|
| 42:45 | Section on highest and mud stones. , there it is. Uh, |
|
| 42:51 | sharing for second year way. Come a decision. Point here. |
|
| 42:59 | we've got about 45 minutes to I have one more electric go, |
|
| 43:10 | ? And what we could do is do that. Now on then, |
|
| 43:18 | , then we'll finish up seven. going to the quiz tomorrow. I |
|
| 43:22 | I've already talked about that a little . Eso just to remind you all |
|
| 43:26 | I started like you now probably finish seven more times. Special athletes. |
|
| 43:32 | clothe e. I hope it's gonna activity. I'm kind of crossing my |
|
| 43:36 | that I know what I'm doing on . I'll get up a little bit |
|
| 43:41 | . I'll probably start up my zoom 8. 15 on. You |
|
| 43:47 | many of you are having heart problems getting on the blackboard, Let me |
|
| 43:50 | right away, and I'll see what could fix it. I don't |
|
| 43:53 | Maybe ask Maria. You know, be their little areas. Well, |
|
| 43:58 | , uh, above you, I'm that the, uh, the logistics |
|
| 44:04 | the Krays were not Well, Like said, it's It's a bunch of |
|
| 44:07 | choice questions. Fill in the E don't think it'll take you long |
|
| 44:10 | do, Uh, you know, I give you a paper copy, |
|
| 44:14 | think students kind of the same question times, and sometimes I'll pick the |
|
| 44:19 | . That's a little bit of changing wrong answer. You had it right |
|
| 44:21 | first time. You know, this way we'll have the same |
|
| 44:26 | We've got exactly half an hour. you answer, we can't go |
|
| 44:29 | So, you know, make sure think before you click, make sure |
|
| 44:33 | questions completely. Make sure all the I will tell you right now, |
|
| 44:39 | there's a bit of random izing of answers, so sometimes you'll have multiple |
|
| 44:46 | that we will say all of the . Just that that means all of |
|
| 44:50 | . Because sometimes he all about might the first question. Some something just |
|
| 44:55 | rather my a little way. So there's no question about it, just |
|
| 45:00 | it could be all of them for be one of them. So I |
|
| 45:04 | know if I if I used the of the above option many times, |
|
| 45:07 | may find this one to be, , before I go to the last |
|
| 45:12 | . Are there any questions about anything said today or so far? |
|
| 45:21 | Okay, um, I assume that could Thio carry on. I know |
|
| 45:29 | it Z getting a little later in day. Everyone's tired. Me, |
|
| 45:36 | . And I find this always happens this class. It's like I'm always |
|
| 45:41 | a bit with these lectures, but may may not finish this lecture |
|
| 45:47 | It's got 44 slides in it, I got 45 minutes, so real |
|
| 45:53 | a minute slide. So we'll How you doing? Okay from |
|
| 45:58 | Screen Academy eso This lecture really is to be a, uh, a |
|
| 46:07 | of our reiteration of building on the that I talked that I talked about |
|
| 46:14 | a very specific focus on corner such as you can see in this |
|
| 46:18 | , uh, seismic data taken from meal in a row. Paper. |
|
| 46:24 | a four page geology paper. When you have not already done. |
|
| 46:28 | we should read that. Okay, , here's the problem. So here |
|
| 46:34 | what we call a really good This from Screw it all 1960 and represents |
|
| 46:40 | programming delta, as it was conceived the sixties. What we see is |
|
| 46:45 | there is the clock. There is modern day sea floor, right, |
|
| 46:49 | into the basin. And, of , that seeks or has migrated through |
|
| 46:54 | . A Southie Delta has pro grated the dash lines represent the timelines. |
|
| 47:00 | . Faces represent marsh, delta sand stones, pro delta silty clays |
|
| 47:06 | represented just a cloud of farm going the offshore faces. Now, what's |
|
| 47:12 | is that Is that the faces foundries this example, Okay, in this |
|
| 47:18 | , are drawn as gently undulating, surfaces, right? I'm pretty sure |
|
| 47:24 | script on had an idea. You that the formations that you see in |
|
| 47:28 | cliffs, you know, you know that would be cliff forming unit |
|
| 47:33 | That's the sort of that's the layer the formation. So he sort of |
|
| 47:39 | the face Expander is a shark, undulating line on the timelines is a |
|
| 47:45 | okay. And one of the problems sequence fraternity solved is to say we |
|
| 47:51 | do better than them invites about the . Why didn't he draw the |
|
| 47:56 | Batteries as she's ambulance? Okay, their beds So the beds conform to |
|
| 48:03 | timelines? What about faces? What's relationship between faces and debts? So |
|
| 48:13 | was 1960. So one o'clock forward 92,002. This is work done by |
|
| 48:21 | group of Asian researchers driven by fall Yoshiki Saito at the Geological Survey of |
|
| 48:30 | Red Guard and took a bunch, course, from a series of Asian |
|
| 48:34 | , including Mekong. But they sort make the same mistake that's crucial |
|
| 48:39 | They had a lot of carbon dated data and these thieves, the timelines |
|
| 48:44 | from 10,000 years ago. Today there the modern day sea floor. |
|
| 48:51 | so that's the platform these bumps here the old beach ridges that our determination |
|
| 48:57 | Delta and you can see the doctor with timelines. But then they showed |
|
| 49:02 | little faces at the protest from Delta , drawn with a sharp, solid |
|
| 49:08 | right that represents a layer cake unit separates the layered pro delta shells above |
|
| 49:14 | layer of Delta Front Sands. Both it's pretty clear to me that you've |
|
| 49:19 | Paris sequences of stunning surfaces, but don't correlate the stunning surfaces, so |
|
| 49:25 | cause me some concern. Now I go to these slides on the very |
|
| 49:31 | day. So here's, you beautiful, beautiful booklets. Outcrops with |
|
| 49:36 | precaution parents influences another one's got MySQL in it. There's a planet forms |
|
| 49:43 | six extras and lines. I talked me off, All right. |
|
| 49:50 | You gotta wake people up when it's o'clock in the five o'clock in the |
|
| 49:55 | . Okay? You know, just make it clear, I blew it |
|
| 49:59 | a little bit. Those the So that's the relation between bets and |
|
| 50:05 | . There's a flooding surface on You know what that is right now |
|
| 50:08 | weaken, uh, identify those little on, of course way. Simplify |
|
| 50:15 | in well, logs with these That implies that there is an underlying |
|
| 50:20 | of different events and the times of platform dip in the direction that the |
|
| 50:26 | dip and Suzanne lines and zigzags replied the Delta Front sandstone grades and passes |
|
| 50:35 | the pro Delta shelled, shelled from district. Okay, and so and |
|
| 50:41 | those shoes and lines assume silly as are, there's a lot of information |
|
| 50:46 | in those she Zamel steak. And you draw them the wrong way, |
|
| 50:51 | it tells me you don't really understand concept of what that faces batteries supposed |
|
| 50:56 | be. Okay, now, if look at our crops around the world |
|
| 51:01 | this is these are all from deportations Interior Seaway at that line because this |
|
| 51:07 | this is, uh, catastrophic But they all show dipping Delta front |
|
| 51:12 | of one another, and once again can. We can simplify those with |
|
| 51:18 | a little faces and zigzag shams shams , which in which the tides of |
|
| 51:26 | point in the direction that that the faces grades and passes in statistical projects |
|
| 51:34 | face there you go. So we're up to end the day. Suffering |
|
| 51:44 | approaching eso You know, part of message is is that certainly if you're |
|
| 51:48 | challenging systems, layer cake is the mop. Well, depending on how |
|
| 51:54 | time you may or may have spent business reservoir engineers love layer cakes. |
|
| 52:00 | no doubt from rocks are more layers not. But but flat layers, |
|
| 52:11 | know, not always the most particularly if you're in Deltek systems or |
|
| 52:16 | soap systems that have codifies. So took the screws on dog just |
|
| 52:21 | Drill it right? So here's the screws on dog I'm gonna show before |
|
| 52:26 | the open, of course, to sequence, when all I've done is |
|
| 52:30 | the sharp lines of he drew for eggs, actions and animal. It's |
|
| 52:34 | of them way. Know that Delta's and we've talked a lot about about |
|
| 52:42 | idea that they have these Sig Martin going from approximate distance. What about |
|
| 52:48 | strike view on the strike view that showed bi directional down was the Delta |
|
| 52:52 | procreating towards you or away from and it's a problem with this. |
|
| 52:57 | it's easy to state Delta's dipsy It's much harder to know if they |
|
| 53:02 | right or left unless you know whether not you're where you are on a |
|
| 53:06 | . Right? So if you're on lot of marginal load, depending on |
|
| 53:12 | the Axis is, you don't know way they did. So strike |
|
| 53:17 | Dick in Delta is horrible. It's . Okay, of course. You |
|
| 53:22 | , in this case, you the platforms are disrupted by growth |
|
| 53:26 | So that adds an additional place. idea of a clown, a form |
|
| 53:32 | way back. This is Gilbert, Street Gilbert who worked in the Grand |
|
| 53:37 | . Um, one arm Gilbert to . Uh uh, guilt was one |
|
| 53:42 | . That was I forget the guy , uh, identified built Delta's the |
|
| 53:48 | deposits around the margins of the Salt unidentified a planet forms, and he |
|
| 53:55 | use the word chronic form. He them top sets, four sets and |
|
| 53:58 | sets. But it's exactly the same . Joseph Burrell picked up this idea |
|
| 54:04 | top sets. Four sets of bottom on showed examples of nice, |
|
| 54:09 | on a farm units with zigzagging sam on. I reviewed this way back |
|
| 54:15 | foundations and rich in 1951. that sort of shot a little bit |
|
| 54:22 | from the word top set force that said talked about climate bands, which |
|
| 54:27 | forward inclined under beds, which means and fondo beds. Now, founder |
|
| 54:34 | may sound a little weird to We've all heard the word profound, |
|
| 54:38 | means deep. And so Fondo you know, Latin slash Greek word |
|
| 54:44 | deep right, So found no just mean defense. The phone |
|
| 54:49 | the deep beds, the entire bad basically the slope. And then the |
|
| 54:53 | bads represents sort of the shallow top . And lo and behold, |
|
| 54:59 | Rich drew a zigzag Chisholm lines in the six point in the direction that |
|
| 55:06 | tip and he even showed the dash symbol rather than is a horizontal dash |
|
| 55:12 | a different dash line to emphasize the Graphic, uh, carnival kind. |
|
| 55:18 | course, Burrell showed the clown forms as well. On that, he |
|
| 55:22 | showed his dash shale a slightly thes have all figured out, all figured |
|
| 55:29 | . Their stuff goes away, Of , In more detail, morale even |
|
| 55:34 | that there were two con forms, con cave con forms, very sandy |
|
| 55:40 | represents baked the shore face, then the and then the convent of the |
|
| 55:47 | 16. That convex up platform represents chefs locally. Okay on. Then |
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| 55:53 | the chokepoint going in the slope that the bottom sense. Ask worth |
|
| 56:00 | The seventies found exactly the same double , a smaller sand Europe platform that's |
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| 56:07 | with a wave dominated barrier. A system on, then a convex |
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| 56:11 | a uniform that's entirely money represents the slope break. You also identified Offshore |
|
| 56:19 | way. We're going to debunk that tomorrow. Okay, so we'll come |
|
| 56:24 | to that on there's just a close of a Swiss con cave up a |
|
| 56:31 | out of form, which is basically shore face. Okay. And, |
|
| 56:34 | know, he just shows a very change from sandstone into sandstone into play |
|
| 56:40 | , you know, because he was used, Why did you shoot |
|
| 56:43 | He could just rashes am's, emphasize faces bounded by surfaces. Right? |
|
| 56:49 | that's what I figured out. Uh, there's just another example. |
|
| 56:54 | shows the conclave sandy platform on the , muddy platform represents a shelf |
|
| 57:01 | huge vertical exaggeration and, uh, , hundreds of miles of scale. |
|
| 57:12 | both ask with barrel. Both identified double on the form on both showed |
|
| 57:17 | these complex forms photography's looked like and notice how they're getting the product |
|
| 57:23 | Dash money, lines of horizontal on in, the shell faces, slope |
|
| 57:28 | . They're different. So they actually , you know, symbol of we |
|
| 57:31 | for shale. They showed us dipping the shell faces they showed us flatline |
|
| 57:36 | for our faces. I love They actually call it the smutty |
|
| 57:41 | See that smutty faces? These guys nothing if not colorful. That's |
|
| 57:47 | And, of course, when we at seismic faces of Delta's nothing smooth |
|
| 57:53 | dipsy word at different degrees, so the regional surface dips a |
|
| 57:57 | It's a little bit regional. Transgressive dips less deeply than the actual Delta |
|
| 58:03 | runner form, but everything Jeff and you'll see these nice con cave |
|
| 58:09 | platforms with a classic delta from platform the shelf edge break is convex |
|
| 58:16 | So we see concave up for the Klein form convex up for the money |
|
| 58:21 | , so far you see with, course, as the Delta Pro Grades |
|
| 58:26 | sandwich. Delta Front platform merges with so sometimes they're separate like here, |
|
| 58:33 | sometimes they're at the same position When delta gets the shelf edge, which |
|
| 58:38 | common during falling in stages, those to see Europe's seismic data from the |
|
| 58:44 | Coast. Here we have a beautiful of really steep sand upon forms. |
|
| 58:48 | these this is the sandy Delta You notice these platforms gets steeper and |
|
| 58:53 | and steeper once the shelf gets, adults gets the shelf edge and then |
|
| 58:57 | to final settlements into deep water. , there's a little down set |
|
| 59:02 | so this delta is degraded with respect that delta. Andi, these settlements |
|
| 59:08 | sort of overlapping wrong, lacking a . A pair of forced aggressive shelf |
|
| 59:14 | . Shelters with distribution channels will And then this thing was probably a |
|
| 59:19 | mud wedge that's on lapping old. this is sandy faces and that 20 |
|
| 59:27 | . Then here's what that browsers down looks like and strike view on |
|
| 59:31 | and then we can show the So there's the seismic imaging that shows |
|
| 59:37 | this high resolution data. So these actually beds on. That would be |
|
| 59:41 | little faces in this case, you , zigzags pointed in two directions because |
|
| 59:46 | looking Delta Pool of two reports us the shells are preaching out laterally, |
|
| 59:52 | lateral margins of delta that's building towards . We're looking at a plan view |
|
| 59:57 | a Delta Things cross section would be that orientation. So the platforms dip |
|
| 60:03 | that direction, and they also did . I bet my black dog shows |
|
| 60:08 | unfortunately, have a slide. May that tomorrow things is more data from |
|
| 60:13 | Rice research group that shows beautiful bidirectional laughing mouth balls laterally shifting. So |
|
| 60:20 | we see a beautiful indication of auto shifting mouth on. Uh, I |
|
| 60:27 | update this because I have since gone and written a paper on We took |
|
| 60:30 | , colored it up and made a diagram. So if I If I |
|
| 60:35 | , I'll show that to maybe tomorrow and Thompson. What that exactly? |
|
| 60:42 | another example of bidirectional adapt amount. this is a cross section of the |
|
| 60:46 | of building towards you so you can the bi directional down well So we |
|
| 60:51 | back, Thio, uh, to iconic example. And, uh, |
|
| 60:57 | I did is I gave this to of my grad students said, |
|
| 61:00 | you know that that's not the way sentiments correlate. Why don't you use |
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| 61:05 | field? Why don't use the biology in this class that you were taken |
|
| 61:10 | me right now but about mhm 18 ago and re correlate this little photography |
|
| 61:18 | the concept that I taught you in class might platforms. So my student |
|
| 61:23 | ahead and picked up the Farrah sentences did this correlation. So here's the |
|
| 61:29 | there's the after there's before there's the right and you can see you |
|
| 61:36 | obviously my student was man, you , he knew that love. She's |
|
| 61:40 | . So you do. Mora's exact any in students have drawn, and |
|
| 61:44 | interesting is I showed this diagram at lecture. Uh, that was |
|
| 61:51 | uh, that that tar and motion to attend it. Steve Kill was |
|
| 61:58 | there, and they don't look mad me because I was I was kind |
|
| 62:03 | trashing this correlation, and at one Steve Kilo got up and said, |
|
| 62:08 | don't, John. I think you're is less objective than their correlation. |
|
| 62:14 | didn't want to get angry, you . And then Joe Lobby also got |
|
| 62:18 | . Joe was living in Thailand of . Sorry. He was going from |
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| 62:23 | Brunei, Thailand, setting up a of petroleum geology in Thailand. You |
|
| 62:29 | , Joe was traded McMaster and he . I'm no Steve. I don't |
|
| 62:33 | with you, John. Correlation shows different directory of the faces and your |
|
| 62:38 | . A more horizontal structure. So showed in a very different model. |
|
| 62:43 | it may be more biased, but probably more correct. And my point |
|
| 62:48 | Look, you know, this was was re published in the paper that |
|
| 62:53 | that I edited I e convinced to this e. I said, |
|
| 62:58 | you know, thistles, little geography. The problem is your when |
|
| 63:03 | publish this paper, you said, , this correlation is good for people |
|
| 63:07 | want Azan analog for understanding reservoir I'm like, No, it isn't |
|
| 63:13 | you're a diagram. This is one you my diagram. You know, |
|
| 63:18 | one floating it, and that's And they're separated by an appetite. |
|
| 63:22 | I have a completely different interpretation flow . And in my model, you |
|
| 63:28 | us in a very different way from mouth, right? So do you |
|
| 63:32 | in all company would spend money on ? Correlation. Were they back on |
|
| 63:35 | correlation? I know what the answer . Minds more correct and there's is |
|
| 63:39 | inquiry. I'm not saying that our perfect, but this is based on |
|
| 63:44 | more rational interpretation. Off the Paris , cross sections better matches what every |
|
| 63:50 | data across a Delta has ever And anyway, I think I sort |
|
| 63:56 | got the picture. But, you , there's nothing wrong with these |
|
| 64:00 | But they're oceanographers. They've never looked seismic data. They've never gone |
|
| 64:06 | and they don't really do any reservoir or hydro geology. So they just |
|
| 64:11 | understand the organization off reservoir security or turkey anyway, So I'm gonna end |
|
| 64:20 | with another couple of examples. How we time here? It's a 60 |
|
| 64:25 | . Pretty good for time. I'm through this pretty quickly. So this |
|
| 64:28 | a Siris of Old Wells. I it s mostly SP and re sensitivity |
|
| 64:34 | ? No, from Mexico. It's clear that you've got, you |
|
| 64:37 | finding upward channels over here coursing up Delta's more distantly and clearly it's mostly |
|
| 64:44 | here, most influential here. And , you know, it looks like |
|
| 64:48 | good unit. Thio, you a good huge play around with. |
|
| 64:55 | ? So I got SP on the ? Yes, mostly SPS. |
|
| 64:59 | some of them were inverted, So . Yeah. So this was the |
|
| 65:05 | that had been published. Okay, was published in by the spirit economic |
|
| 65:12 | . And about 1972 actually deliberately took names of the people that did it |
|
| 65:17 | . I know them. Good folks this work was done in 1917. |
|
| 65:22 | the first thing is, they hang the base of the Sparta sandstone thing |
|
| 65:27 | in the middle of an upper course facing success. Okay, hopefully by |
|
| 65:33 | , if I put two relics wells , that pic based sand, you |
|
| 65:38 | know that that such as animal, a time. Okay, So picking |
|
| 65:42 | as a strata graphic data when it's shoes online, I thought was a |
|
| 65:47 | bad choice of data. Then what do is they do something that I |
|
| 65:52 | do. What's this fight, they . Hey, how do? |
|
| 66:19 | So that's quick and dirty little Graphic interpretation. Right, everyone. |
|
| 66:24 | agrees. This is mostly Sandy. is mostly failed. That's little |
|
| 66:27 | It's quick, Thio. That's hard it. Everything is just saying |
|
| 66:32 | Not even any concept of clown Nothing, right, You know, |
|
| 66:38 | you know, Here's the Here's the the alternative. Okay, Follow floating |
|
| 66:55 | like surface letting surface pay attention because gonna have to do this. You're |
|
| 67:07 | assignments. You're gonna be doing this on my funny surfaces. Okay, |
|
| 67:15 | , there. Okay, now I to connect. Connect him up. |
|
| 67:21 | like, Okay, well, connect with that. That's gone. So |
|
| 67:26 | gotta kind of crap that where that goes there. Down there. |
|
| 67:52 | What do you have to displace there ? May? What curves E s |
|
| 67:59 | resisted? Yeah, way. um, size value in there. |
|
| 68:05 | ? And so that's what I Right? So there is the list |
|
| 68:08 | photography, right? And, you've got some flow units. |
|
| 68:15 | So it's transgressive progressive cycles. And I went ahead and just redid the |
|
| 68:19 | , which is I just showed you I did it. And obviously it's |
|
| 68:24 | quite a bit more complicated. A of complexity of my version. I'd |
|
| 68:30 | I spend probably about half an hour this Correlation, right. So, |
|
| 68:34 | know, I didn't spend a lot time in it. It was very |
|
| 68:38 | . But the point being is you know, you have a completely |
|
| 68:41 | a picture of how of reservoir sealer and this dark ground versus that |
|
| 68:47 | And then I've got opportunities out here don't exist in the little strata. |
|
| 68:52 | college. A swell has a much degree of reservoir compartmentalization I've got. |
|
| 68:58 | you know, 12 three, 45 song. And I've got a shale |
|
| 69:06 | that separates. So you three for that's missing in this one. So |
|
| 69:13 | have one. So, unit, I got to throw you for a |
|
| 69:17 | between so right away, you And, uh, your point. |
|
| 69:21 | is more exploration type data. Can do see contributing expiration type data? |
|
| 69:26 | , you know, uh, out that implies a very different prospectively T |
|
| 69:34 | this things, you know, that's complicated. I'm like, Yeah, |
|
| 69:39 | so maybe more compartmentalized. Make this opportunity for finding bypassed residents, |
|
| 69:45 | Not every company is a billion Excellent. Some companies are. When |
|
| 69:50 | finish this course, you might find you have a hard time getting a |
|
| 69:53 | . There's nothing stopping you from starting little one company. Maybe you've got |
|
| 69:58 | ability to get some land in West and start finding a little one. |
|
| 70:02 | represented Delores bypassed pay, you in the Pennsylvania or in the |
|
| 70:09 | Right? Don't laugh. This is sad story. Uh, tronic not |
|
| 70:18 | up, but I taught this class . Someone just like you. One |
|
| 70:23 | those students work for a little mom pop companies. His death, his |
|
| 70:26 | room. And I was in Dallas time he took the class. And |
|
| 70:30 | I moved to Houston when he moved . No, it's one way. |
|
| 70:34 | together. And he would He would pick up the tax sushi beers at |
|
| 70:39 | ginger Man. I said, how come you always picking the |
|
| 70:42 | He said, you know how much we made from using your techniques of |
|
| 70:46 | coordinating and funding? Just one. , like my company Strand energies made |
|
| 70:50 | lot of money, unfortunately. Died 8. 16 which is what I |
|
| 70:54 | now, just a few years before left, Uh, less Houston, |
|
| 70:58 | was really sad. But I'm you know, he was the nicest |
|
| 71:01 | on, uh, it wasn't the person, but, you know, |
|
| 71:05 | made it very clear that he had money from this course. He didn't |
|
| 71:08 | to work for a big company to money from this force. One day |
|
| 71:12 | walked in the pioneer, They You know, John, like one |
|
| 71:15 | our students used your your techniques and us into the oil field. And |
|
| 71:20 | made a lot of money. That's you're back much, Thanks. You |
|
| 71:25 | , e wish I had those stories I could say I found well |
|
| 71:29 | you know, became a billionaire on I might have. Might not have |
|
| 71:34 | teach you guys, but you I am happy if you guys become |
|
| 71:39 | millionaires because of this chorused that would nothing but make me the happiest person |
|
| 71:45 | . The only thing I ask is you remember very allergic. If if |
|
| 71:48 | gave you something that helps you be The other thing on the cop on |
|
| 71:53 | cross section is the clown reforms dipsy . Of course, everything is more |
|
| 71:57 | line in the little strata graph. ? So no magic there. You |
|
| 72:03 | , I have no idea if this right or wrong. It's certainly |
|
| 72:07 | And, you know, this wasn't with a lot of care. It |
|
| 72:10 | done with a lot of secrets. conceptual. Uh, imposition onto the |
|
| 72:17 | about the correlations that I made When when you hang these cross sections, |
|
| 72:24 | example, my last one you were would would it be more useful to |
|
| 72:27 | it on a constant subsea depth so could identify high points because the rocks |
|
| 72:34 | structures, I would do that later then find the traps right? Do |
|
| 72:39 | photography first. Then do the structural on. Ben defined the trumps |
|
| 72:44 | We're not part of petroleum systems. I appreciate that For those of you |
|
| 72:47 | done that class, it's critical for to do those connections between my class |
|
| 72:52 | petroleum systems class. But I always that later. The other point I |
|
| 72:57 | how I just happened nor the data can't form right through it. So |
|
| 73:02 | my case, the data disappears. problem is, once you pick a |
|
| 73:06 | and you'll never cross it, these could say what we think. The |
|
| 73:11 | is going through the data, but bottom line is, once you put |
|
| 73:13 | data will never cross. So it up putting an artificial barrier. If |
|
| 73:18 | choose a shoes online for data, do that. Don't do that. |
|
| 73:23 | there's clips, Cross section that shows the beautiful climate forms of lower |
|
| 73:28 | So let me give you a nice examples. We sort of get into |
|
| 73:34 | last 10 minutes or so of this . So you know, I go |
|
| 73:38 | Prudhoe Bay. I've been asking, know, 30 General Project on Secrets |
|
| 73:43 | major fields. You know, I working for the Exploration Research group and |
|
| 73:47 | much about Reservoir Characterization, and I there. Within a few weeks. |
|
| 73:53 | went too much with Chuck Severson, Marcelin and Chuck. Summer School is |
|
| 73:58 | engineer from California and trucks. You , those guys from playing will never |
|
| 74:03 | a damn things with They sequenced and they never helped the reservoir engineers |
|
| 74:12 | I was like, Wow. E just started working field, and |
|
| 74:17 | I noticed that all of the geologists on the field development were in one |
|
| 74:23 | managed by the exploration manager, and engineers were a separate building s o |
|
| 74:31 | production. Geologists didn't report to the , so they were fighting all the |
|
| 74:36 | crazy. And then I sort of me have a look at this |
|
| 74:42 | And I said, Okay, you know, clearly, of |
|
| 74:44 | with Delta, But like, what pinching strong security? Like, I've |
|
| 74:48 | seen anything like that. Totally mythos . Then the engineer said, |
|
| 74:53 | you know, you got this shale . Let's go. About 15 entrails |
|
| 74:57 | pick up there or pick up their . Think those reports call it those |
|
| 75:01 | the field like you can't call it 20 centimeter Bayfield shale over 20 |
|
| 75:07 | Like what are you guys doing? is a delta climate for like, |
|
| 75:13 | know, I wasn't asking about I just said I sort of held |
|
| 75:16 | breath and said, Wow, these are totally out to lunch. That |
|
| 75:22 | Barker, who is the expiration Well, I was in that |
|
| 75:26 | you know, geology building, You , uh, well, John said |
|
| 75:31 | expect you guys planning to be least years ahead in your knowledge of my |
|
| 75:36 | . Okay? Yeah. I I think I can help you guys |
|
| 75:39 | a better job of correlations. And that day, I went to lunch |
|
| 75:42 | Chuck. Center said That guy is going to say I didn't do anything |
|
| 75:46 | , so I spent all my time restaurant. You see what? Your |
|
| 75:50 | ? What do you need? E , I think I can help |
|
| 75:53 | So, uh, Robert Spence tie known a bow tie had been up |
|
| 76:00 | a few months before way just rolled our sleeves and a tactic. There |
|
| 76:07 | so many problems with this reservoir. even begin to tell you. The |
|
| 76:12 | thing is, there is there was rapping anger or conforming on top of |
|
| 76:15 | formation. So we didn't have a data on. There was a nice |
|
| 76:20 | below with lots of little markers that a great data. Guess what, |
|
| 76:25 | Engineers, in order to save on paste, haven't bothered to digitize the |
|
| 76:29 | parts of the bags. They stopped at the base reservoir like way have |
|
| 76:34 | lot of data. And all the was was in this lower stuff, |
|
| 76:39 | the upper reservoirs had all gassed So now they were trying to use |
|
| 76:44 | well and in from drilling to produce belt of stuff. They were still |
|
| 76:48 | a layer cake model. I said was working. They were wasting |
|
| 76:52 | They're planning, you know, $1000 in field running. E was just |
|
| 76:57 | , Oh, my God. you know, Stop, stop, |
|
| 77:00 | know? So I had to go the blue on well, logs and |
|
| 77:03 | again, hands through damn lower blood onto the digital long. So we |
|
| 77:08 | the e. Don't care if you the logs, you have got a |
|
| 77:12 | you can't even stop. You don't know how the rocks are organized. |
|
| 77:16 | gonna completely waste your money because you know what the flow units are way |
|
| 77:21 | help you. So make a long , short way digitize that they're, |
|
| 77:26 | , logs. And this was the security. I've already showed this |
|
| 77:30 | and all of a sudden we've got Shales way. Have reservoir sandstone down |
|
| 77:35 | in this so called havoc sandstone that in a complete information in the in |
|
| 77:42 | sense that the three overline Romeo for purposes, those wouldn't have been legally |
|
| 77:49 | to be part of the reservoir on have big implications for the legal distribution |
|
| 77:54 | the wealth of the companies that own that own this field. Which primary |
|
| 77:59 | BP? Arco exit. And, , E could tell you a horror |
|
| 78:03 | about fights through those companies because I excellent train. I got along well |
|
| 78:08 | the excellent guys because I was born Britain. I got well, with |
|
| 78:12 | piers because I was working for R . So I was able to bring |
|
| 78:16 | these through companies together and get them degree to use. Agreed He was |
|
| 78:21 | this planet for one. Whereas before got there, it was just a |
|
| 78:25 | , horrible, toxic fight between Jones engineers. Anyway, I left Alaska |
|
| 78:33 | went back Thio, Plato and both stayed up there, and he had |
|
| 78:39 | absolute beautiful pleasure of being able to our new revives con form correlation and |
|
| 78:46 | start drilling wells. Here's one of success story So here's well that on |
|
| 78:52 | drug had mine. Well, 35 the well was produced about 400 barrels |
|
| 78:57 | oil and $1200 of water. And north a last minute. So students |
|
| 79:04 | wrongly understood. Well, that you reject water. You can't dump it |
|
| 79:08 | the tundra. You can't open the now. You could do the |
|
| 79:13 | You know, nobody wants to lose a day. You know, 100 |
|
| 79:17 | a barrel, That's that's millions of a year. So the decision was |
|
| 79:24 | . And, of course, the . You know, this was meeting |
|
| 79:27 | sand with a couple 100 military for . This was maybe, you |
|
| 79:33 | a fine sand with maybe 50 to million and pregnant on the engineers left |
|
| 79:38 | about They love thio, frack, hyper and stuff. So I left |
|
| 79:42 | purse, the high perm stuff. both said, Yeah, you know |
|
| 79:48 | water from the reservoir. I think the wall I think this upper zone |
|
| 79:52 | wanted out on the remaining oil is that low earth insects You guys think |
|
| 79:57 | crap, president. So why don't draw a horizontal Well, we'll stick |
|
| 80:01 | in this lower sand, and I that that little Bayfield shale will isolate |
|
| 80:06 | upper sand from the lower center. took those advice based on this revised |
|
| 80:11 | . They got their 504 100 barrels oil back Water Conference zero. So |
|
| 80:16 | of a sudden, because that's when order is coming from because they permit |
|
| 80:21 | they were. They were getting water here or all from there, and |
|
| 80:24 | couldn't isolate. They don't know how isolate a Bristol from that zone in |
|
| 80:30 | old vertical. So that was kind my success story that showed while the |
|
| 80:36 | matter, here's the correlations from one my PhD students showing dipping Paris sequence |
|
| 80:43 | thistles regional such a river walk quicksands Wyoming. Unfortunately, sadly, another |
|
| 80:49 | piece of work that that might never up. Published on June. I |
|
| 80:54 | one of my first students to really bi directional down lap in the strike |
|
| 80:58 | eso eso illustrated with can be decided . Then Bruce Saints were through Where's |
|
| 81:06 | ? Now? Bruce was shell that was a university of Attlee. Now |
|
| 81:11 | a Chevron on, you know he working on the second field in |
|
| 81:17 | And like me, bruising Worth is good master guys English. But his |
|
| 81:22 | master and, you know, immediately that we've got to get away from |
|
| 81:27 | and as it has had much success applying platform combinations to patrol fields. |
|
| 81:34 | he's worked on with a variety of around the world. So we know |
|
| 81:38 | we know that the concept is and so it's correlated. Distinguish Suzanne |
|
| 81:45 | from from Planet Forms Way would argue , but certainly that both the field |
|
| 81:51 | the expiration scale if you're dealing with which slope systems or Delta short face |
|
| 82:00 | we need to be where Clown informs residents, okay and all that with |
|
| 82:06 | line if you're cross section based on , doesn't look like the seismic line |
|
| 82:12 | probably wrong, and that's why it helps to have a conceptual model in |
|
| 82:17 | head. What the overall strata graphic architectures is before you start correlating. |
|
| 82:24 | your decision to correlate should be based a good understanding of what the deposition |
|
| 82:29 | are alive and say that the rocks platform on. They should get in |
|
| 82:34 | direction. Okay, so I'm gonna have eight minutes left before time. |
|
| 82:45 | , so, uh, if there's questions in the last eight minutes, |
|
| 82:49 | go ahead. It has now And if not, then, |
|
| 82:54 | I will start up the web at quarter after a 49. Might |
|
| 83:01 | You guys should log into the test time after 8. 29. |
|
| 83:07 | Think of will jump down once historically . It will give you 30 minutes |
|
| 83:14 | it. My understanding is the cloth 30 minutes. I'm actually waiting that |
|
| 83:19 | to see if that works. Like said once you asked the question, |
|
| 83:22 | the answer. You have two You can actually click. Click |
|
| 83:25 | submit the answer. Or you could move to the next question. Either |
|
| 83:29 | will save your answer, but you not be able to go back. |
|
| 83:32 | way. Should have plenty of time do it. You want to do |
|
| 83:36 | sketching in terms of material? I review some of the definitions. I |
|
| 83:43 | make sure that you understand the tracks and the surfaces that bound |
|
| 83:47 | I would review that relationship with a sessions that you're doing for the |
|
| 83:53 | Uh uh, produced meeting is being . Every question that I have will |
|
| 84:16 | directly taken from one of the power that I've given you, and in |
|
| 84:21 | , that I think there's one or questions that I noticed students would consistently |
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| 84:25 | getting right. And in anticipation of trying to help you better this |
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| 84:30 | I've actually revised some of the slides make sure that the answer is clear |
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| 84:35 | the slides somewhere. Now, you're gonna know talk about todo quiz. |
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| 84:41 | hopefully you'll all, uh, do about tomorrow and work too. Stressful |
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| 84:46 | . Good luck on the quiz tomorrow I look forward to seeing you all |
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| 84:52 | e guesses about 8 45 years you'll be all finished up. So |
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| 84:57 | 45 mountain, And then at that , we'll we'll, uh, way |
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| 85:03 | talk about some of these resting assignments we have to do and then or |
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| 85:08 | you know, we'll sort of do mixture of exercises and lectures tomorrow much |
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| 85:12 | same. So have a good evening , uh, fall in terms of |
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| 85:19 | date for the second assignment just in interest of the focus on studying for |
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| 85:24 | quiz tonight. Why don't we make do after lunch? End of day |
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| 85:29 | ? So, you know, if you need to work in a |
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| 85:32 | , uh, this evening. If you want to work on it |
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| 85:35 | lunch tomorrow to get finished up do you consume it? Submitted, |
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| 85:41 | , any time by by midnight So you can even work on it |
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| 85:45 | night if you won't do that Not so stressed about stressed out about |
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| 85:49 | two things finished tomorrow. I'm not grade it tomorrow anyway, so, |
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| 85:57 | , everybody Thank you, e One . Yeah, sure, Go |
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| 86:03 | So you were mentioning if you're, , interpretations that are typically based off |
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| 86:09 | climate forms like the model of the form versus the models like that layer |
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| 86:13 | . Geology on e. I think I've seen her. I've got |
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| 86:17 | Where? E guess the seismic processing the seismic has they tried the layer |
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| 86:25 | everything and put so many so much has been thrown at it. |
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| 86:31 | and maybe some of the beds like maybe subsidizing resolution that it's really |
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| 86:34 | to pick up on some of those . Have you seen that where you |
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| 86:39 | the subject may show layer cake, , but in all reality, maybe |
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| 86:43 | just your bed forms or just that so when we went on a way |
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| 86:51 | three D seismic there. But it's a promo traffic reservoir buried horrible |
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| 86:57 | problems, permafrost that it is very the entire e think 300 m reservoir |
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| 87:05 | about to waive. Let's And so know. And so, of |
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| 87:09 | you know, it was very easy do a layering, but we didn't |
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| 87:14 | . Is that the base? But base reservoir reflection sometimes showed a bit |
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| 87:19 | a doublet on. I said. probably picking up the corner for |
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| 87:24 | The resolution of the data were just too. So to pick up those |
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| 87:29 | , I showed you those air 20 , 20 m scale. On the |
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| 87:33 | of that, that side, like , was probably closer to 60 |
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| 87:37 | So what we look for is subtle in the character of the base reflection |
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| 87:42 | might sort of sample of platform A problems were terrific, right? You |
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| 87:47 | , if you have three D you might look for amplitude or attributes |
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| 87:51 | do some sort of frequency or instantaneous , and it might show some subtle |
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| 87:56 | in patterns that might pick up the . But but to your point, |
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| 88:01 | know, uh, all sides with , I'm sure you are either exceptional |
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| 88:07 | of data or high resolution academic you know, that are absolutely useless |
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| 88:12 | penetrating very deep. But they're great image and con forms. So a |
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| 88:16 | of the time, what I'm trying tell you is that the clown informs |
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| 88:20 | there you may not have data image , so you have to put them |
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| 88:24 | there. Bye bye. Interpretation Supposed to thinking that any of the |
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| 88:29 | will image them. What? They'll enough, of course, facing |
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| 88:32 | Well, log on that tells you gonna be kinda form something, something |
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| 88:36 | that that's why I go to that step for what's the well known faces |
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| 88:40 | tell you? Does that push you towards the correlation? So I think |
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| 88:45 | spot on with your question. Anything else? Business. All |
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| 88:53 | Thank you all for being patient I know. It gets a bit |
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| 88:57 | . I know that I could go around around way, pushed it Z |
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| 89:02 | one minute to go. I feel I'm doing, like a fundraising. |
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| 89:04 | like the jury jury. Lewis funder , uh, but the key thing |
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| 89:09 | , you know, yes, we go to the to the absolute |
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| 89:13 | That way I make sure you get money's worth, so at least you |
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| 89:16 | complain about that. Anyway, I'll you guys tomorrow. I have a |
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| 89:19 | evening. Okay? Yeah. Bye. Thank |
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