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00:07 Welcome. Uh More than a few showed up, so like five of

00:16 in here today. Um So, let's see. So we are working

00:25 our ways towards finishing up 25. So again, uh let's see,

00:32 no quick quiz this week uh might apply. Oh, sorry.

00:38 No qui uh coming after this, Monday. And uh you know,

00:48 I mention a little bit about that shortly. Uh person just mentioned the

00:54 of TB on campus 11 case. assuming that they isolated the person I

01:01 read the whole thing. Uh It contagious. I think it's droplet

01:06 So, you know, don't go the person. Ok. Um Nothing

01:10 be alarmed about. I mean, , so don't worry about it.

01:15 . Just uh if it begins to then maybe start work. But uh

01:19 far so good. Ok. Um right, let's see. So on

01:26 horizon is exam four last exam, ? So I haven't heard anything about

01:33 . Ok. Uh I'm going uh, I think I'll get some

01:37 shortly. Uh I'll send out when do, I'll send out an

01:41 Ok. So, um what else we got um question here. Not

01:49 . Uh Any questions, any questions or anything? OK. All

01:55 Um So let's start while you're answering question, uh provide a little bit

02:00 context here, right? So we're uh uh deep into basically various

02:06 , right? So we're looking at microbial patterns, well, how,

02:11 they cause disease, right? Infectious . So we will be here toward

02:15 end. Start to look at various diseases all together, you know,

02:23 talked about the immune system and how fight disease. And so, and

02:27 how they get around your, your barriers, chemical physical, um different

02:35 types, uh antibodies, et And um and they do that through

02:41 a number of different village factors. . We started on some of

02:45 We'll get through the rest of it . OK. And these are basically

02:49 you're seeing up. There's a bunch different village factors. OK. Each

02:54 different various functions. We haven't covered of these yet. Um Probably we

03:08 animals. OK. Let's forge ahead . Number four. Do it your

03:21 guess. Mhm. OK. None of these are drops. They're

03:28 correct. OK. So we haven't about invasions yet. Endotoxin. Y

03:39 about everything else. OK. So , none of these, these are

03:42 all correctly um defined. So uh right. So we started this last

03:50 and went through kind of the cycle having the source where to find

03:55 The reservoir of not record is easy humans. Human, first of

04:04 um so hosts um overcoming uh hosts uh systems through various period of

04:16 So it kind of affects him. gonna go through a step box process

04:22 where you have an energy body um some methods of transmission. You

04:29 I didn't list everything out but uh a different period of factor involved.

04:35 stick to the cells to um grow whose toxins will be um high down

04:42 your, in your cells to avoid immune system, to chemicals, to

04:49 antibodies against them and so forth, ? So a bunch of different things

04:53 can do. So it just kind both kind of be set. What

04:58 what, what not, right? uh work through the knees in this

05:05 here. OK. So these are uh our generic name, a micro

05:12 involved in the cells adhering to your types, I should say. And

05:18 first diseases we talk about are with statin structure. And so they are

05:24 on having different weird factors in this , cellular enzymes. And so uh

05:31 of these are about penetrating the, the tissues. OK. Uh Here

05:41 we will start with this question which us into toxins, right? So

05:46 go toxins then um let's see what's order here to then? Interesting with

05:59 . OK. And what they do then extra exercise, the leukocytes and

06:09 . Right. All right. Let's down five. Mhm. Yeah,

06:54 a number of disruptors. Ok. , invasions aren't really toxins. They're

06:59 collection of proteins that they, they tar pattern would inject into a cell

07:06 then enable it to be engulfed by cell. Ok. We'll talk about

07:11 here in a little bit. um, yeah, these types are

07:15 we call so membrane disrupters. Um All right. So we can

07:21 at many toxins kind of have this of construction. Um Meins of course

07:30 made by the cell and released by cell to work with a target

07:36 OK. A contrast to an endotoxin is an integral part of the cell

07:43 that only released when the cell We mentioned this way back in chapter

07:50 , the um gram negatives, right negatives have that and are the ones

07:55 the endotoxin. OK. Um But many of these are acquired to trans

08:07 by a virus to it or through . Uh They're on plasmids very often

08:12 choloxin, the toxin, anthrax Many others are kind of on

08:18 some acquired through a virus. So this basic A B structures,

08:24 it really is about the part that the part that has the active uh

08:30 activity to drop where the part membrane , um et cetera. OK.

08:40 the binding part. So A B basic, right A A is the

08:43 part B, the binding part it synthesized and it's secreted by the cell

08:49 a target cell that we have specific a receptor. And then the uh

08:55 portion, the thing enters the cell you see here. And then the

09:01 portion is what will carry out whatever function is for that particular to,

09:07 know, any result typically is to the cell. So many of your

09:13 are of this type of structure. . And so some of these,

09:18 know, you can categorize them based what are they affecting cell cell

09:24 right. So, so memory disruptor cause think of that as kind of

09:29 basically a protein tunnel, a straw it into the membrane hs leak

09:34 Ok. Um Leukocytes are specific for killing white blood cells like neutrophils and

09:42 types hemos hemos blood. All So we'll talk about streptococcus. Uh

09:49 can distinguish different type of threat by hemolytic reaction. Ok. Um protein

09:58 . So, shiga and diphtheria shiga toxins are find we find that

10:04 various intestinal pattern, the natural intestinal . Uh many of those have that

10:11 of toxin. Um it's what creates of the worst effects of G I

10:15 infections. So most of us it's , ok, water loss and

10:20 but the worst effects are when blood that can be due to these effects

10:25 a toxin like this. OK. so, um obviously, if you

10:31 protein synthesis or you're disrupting it, cell is not out there to synthesize

10:36 . OK. Uh Second messenger pathway . These are affecting the ion

10:45 direct the flow of ions or, reverse the flow of ions and then

10:51 affect osmosis. So very typically a of your G I tract type toxins

10:57 also be of this sort um because know, G I tract disease and

11:03 that lot of water too. So it would be disrupting the balance of

11:09 in the flow of water as a . OK. Uh Super antigens.

11:15 I also put endotoxin, which we'll about next kind of in the same

11:20 because they bring about an old right? So remember like in a

11:28 a local inflammatory response, right, produce different cytokines and that tells different

11:36 what to do. Like violate blood , the blood vessels and what we

11:41 um uh pain enhancing pain in the , et cetera. So that's all

11:48 and good when it's happening in the local area. When I, when

11:52 becomes a body blind response, then too much. OK. Super engines

11:57 do that through release of lots of that um that can then potentially interact

12:05 lots of your themselves, right? again, a small local affect no

12:11 with, but potentially a lot more can be involved and all around the

12:16 , the body can't handle that. . So super an effect is that

12:22 effect. Is that too? Um proteases come in various forms.

12:29 of them are just about cleaning the upon. So this is one that

12:39 uh works that way to uh to um neurotransmitter, acetylcholine. I think

12:46 is um other types like IG A , many bacteria have that's respiratory types

12:54 they use that to basically destroy IG and deres. OK? From IG

13:00 , it's one of those neutralizing anti binds to the target and now that

13:05 virus can't bind to your tissues. if it has an enzyme to destroy

13:09 , then it counteracts the effect. ? Uh And there's many other types

13:13 proteases too. Uh OK. So endotoxin. All right. So endotoxin

13:19 and it will have effect is, uh how bad it gets, is

13:31 by the extent of the infection. ? If it's a local infection that

13:37 spread generally, it's not a big . OK? But when it becomes

13:43 , we call it, it's traveling the blood system, then that is

13:47 bigger issue. OK. So here shows you uh in the top of

13:51 car from here. So all the of this want to worry about all

14:00 want to start. OK. So what some of the events that

14:07 even to now, right? So cells intact, that's not a

14:14 Dies then that material becomes available. . That's when, now as long

14:21 it's in these, in this form and they pull cell, no problem

14:25 it released into individual vehicle components, have that, OK. So a

14:33 down here that exercises a brand the release uh the material as a

14:41 of just crunching it up, Uh And that uh the pyrogen

14:48 inducing fever, but for some, will be bye. And so this

14:58 kind of show you a basic scenario kind of what happened, right?

15:02 at the end, the worst effect or they can become set.

15:07 maybe in the the materials, And uh unfortunately, advance to got

15:21 . And so um so there would a material you get contact the

15:29 So um that result increases the recent those c of kinds. So we

15:39 that of her response. OK? cines will um use fever. Uh

15:47 is work on blood vessels so we have um it is uh it's mm

15:59 times so out uh then it can effective the effect of that,

16:07 Again, be about that. It's , all your I never you

16:20 you name the right in, in , we capillaries come together and his

16:29 and camp records is how we change and participant. Uh you can have

16:40 of uh vascular and then then the couple of hours, you know,

16:52 in fact, I just put it . And uh now we're talking of

16:59 up capillaries that have been to feed tissues. So now that's disrupted and

17:06 that occurs. OK. So when all this is happening to your

17:10 kind of at once. But I , if you respond to sit down

17:16 a while and I hope things get , but it may not, that's

17:21 stop very quickly, typically back t , right? So um but it's

17:31 to say, but again, the of this is my wife. But

17:39 is there any collection one has that want to say what becomes sadness?

17:51 If there is a problem I Yeah, just bad. Uh But

18:01 can start to grow. I was so you need talking to the

18:10 OK. Now I'm gonna be back . This is it, this is

18:16 massive cell. You try to find combination safer for the person,

18:22 Uh if you um the parts uh . So then how are we

18:36 so I with a regular system, deal with ace patterns and so with

18:46 action, we're not really focusing here . So a huge the high

18:55 all right, high down then, ? Transfer to, to other cells

19:01 top. OK. Um Not, the process is systemic. There are

19:11 handful of material science that are um know, so they, they use

19:18 vital, right? Uh They don't a whole lot of functions uh

19:23 And so they are resigned, actually designed with themselves, kind of carry

19:29 , you know, they actually move . So Kia on those and uh

19:34 mountain spot uh take, take. it was the fact that she does

19:42 know through. Oh, ok. number of others, these are

19:51 they can be what's called cyber using mechanisms to immune system and more kind

20:02 deeper into your body that we're we're not using the cell no

20:12 So it is using as a I have music that they do that

20:19 . So all especially being testable those cell types have these my real

20:30 for absorption of nutrients. OK. through acting polymerizes kind of like a

20:38 of it as a tent pole, ? And it polymerizes and it kind

20:42 pokes and makes a membrane more creates surface area, right? So this

20:48 something that's very good at absorbing That's why you're intestine all I but

20:58 bacterial types like this can also manipulate act and creating these folds like you

21:05 here, right? And so when happens, it can become engulfed.

21:10 endocytosis basically occurs. OK. And you see uh here's a shigella rod

21:16 cell and it's just, it's done more. So then you have to

21:26 . So we become both but it you something like that 112 and some

21:40 bring it up that right? Um product, right? So once inside

21:55 cell, so type of business, ? Made more of it on

22:01 But what you do is if you so my rule can respond to this

22:11 that can be what's considered a PGA , right? So uh what will

22:21 is a lysosome, we'll fuse with . OK. That's the cells

22:29 right? It says, oh, got coming in so I can punch

22:35 up. I, well, it uh it sounds beautiful, right?

22:43 first time. So we'll have to uh do something about that, you

22:51 , the six day, you beautiful, right? So one response

22:58 that is to bring out uh uh to break out of that thing.

23:08 she get this thee no bacterial Um And so the, so how

23:19 , it's not your trouble because they history, this its active models.

23:27 , and a guy with a So they basically collect these, think

23:35 this as the butt of the Hallo OK. And it's attaching these Acton

23:42 and then they polymerize and as they basically, right? OK. So

23:50 can travel through um uh c and out other, I think, of

24:00 , uh uh simply uh um micro a fact move it actually a fast

24:12 than other. So uh but it him to move around and um

24:20 Yes. Um And so that, I talked about earlier. So some

24:27 that interestingly happy to do this. would it be by ch, the

24:35 and vesicle confused the life? See here? Mhm. I got confused

24:49 it. Uh, so one strategy just saw, right, Boston that

24:58 of all, um, another way just prevent, prevent that sound good

25:10 Seminole is that doesn't always travels to other side of the cell and they

25:16 out. So it's kind of like trans process that was sounded like,

25:24 , this is the test of the , we got lots of basket because

25:30 how you gonna uh blood supply on n carry the tissues. So,

25:39 I use that as well as the to travel. And uh we also

25:43 possibility there. So that element for . Yeah. Um The other strategy

25:57 OK, I'll just see. So had to use my, I think

26:01 don't care. Uh I'll just read and that's what the proxy does.

26:08 if you sit there and give you regular. So, uh, so

26:13 expect this. Bye. Um I , OK, I think that what

26:31 does, uh did that happen? type of sanity is gonna be

26:41 Um OK. So that's kind of line of remember the fact but not

26:48 certainly these, these guys temporary would , um OK, there, so

27:05 question, so pro a this program mhm This will take us into extra

27:30 of attacks. OK. Because they to avoid the immune system.

28:07 Cut down from three. All So um this is going to be

28:24 . So it's that one that can bind to the other side of the

28:30 . OK? It will come up on the next slide. Oh,

28:33 it is. OK. So things uh staff, staff pathogens can have

28:41 on their surface. So anybody's produced it. So this is what the

28:46 would want to do, right? create the antigen antibody effect of whatever

28:53 . But this is that FC right? So that's what that protein

28:58 binds to, right? So now business and the antibodies, so to

29:04 , can't do anything for it. . So you know, if you're

29:08 extra C or pathogen, you have deal with antibodies. OK? And

29:13 , all right, these are kind um thing is your, your,

29:17 immune system does to counteract them is antibody uh ploy cells. These are

29:22 of the major major enemies of a cellular pathogen, right? And so

29:28 gonna have ways to get around those , the ones that are successful.

29:34 . So um one of them is have a capsule um the uh

29:47 the actual uh services that comes from top. And so under pass

29:54 And I said, OK, that's , that's what it is for

30:01 So now this this uh the so remind that I think that's no

30:11 . I think part of, part your problem we did once this

30:23 right? So that's two or three here in the uh the Patagonia and

30:31 were very big thing. Very mm Again, we sort of that um

30:43 . So talk about COVID a I, is that counteract? So

30:51 the competitor um is, is the you stick to your yourself uh is

30:59 happen. And I ha that's his is to eat free and um prevent

31:07 , bacteria from attacking cells. So in favor of the universal program

31:14 or like hold a hand or um the OK. Uh think about phase

31:23 in chapter 910. OK. So changing the profile, right? Um

31:34 one of the draft has actually the if members of the population doing that

31:41 coming in with one of that the same version of that of

31:48 And then Fox versus goes to another of I see. So different and

32:01 piece um the uh it got close Mexico. Uh They also use that

32:10 some that the program sell it. , so normal that you become old

32:18 culture, maybe not as a So you rid yourself, you

32:24 right? There's some chemicals that have he that premature. Um So

32:34 these are the main ones we always . So as many as we saw

32:42 , we're very sub type of there is just many clinics to counteract

32:48 various, uh, immune system functions have. I, um, and

33:03 , um, let's look at All right. So, as you

33:10 to the north, uh, just coincidence. So I don't know where

33:17 chapter. So that's number one. make sure you stick to, this

33:21 one kind of this, uh, books that is built by,

33:28 on system. And then we OK. Um, this is,

33:35 is, and so what we're gonna it this way. Um And

33:40 what we're to talk about, The um the sore this I

33:52 red boxes, I think, I we went through today, but it's

33:58 question that we get through the, anyway. So we random action.

34:05 is that? Not everything is? So you are here. Um

34:15 Uh protozoans, rabies is also a , uh virus uh for that um

34:28 , Geor, we'll talk about Um Spiral t uh let's see the

34:34 , obviously there some features. So here's an example of he,

34:45 . Um But yeah, a lot uh the muses to contribute a little

34:52 it. Uh branch and mythology factor features. Technically, Zek is whether

35:00 sometimes two of every in the Uh So you see that this is

35:12 I think 26 in the last part five years, more than that.

35:21 , OK. That's my um All . So let's start, we actually

35:31 with um Let me see what we cover this season. I agree.

35:39 is this? Um ok, so think we have a couple of times

35:45 semester. We already, we covered of this. I want to say

35:52 this gets us into the hurting. . Talk about in the context of

36:03 . That's work. Think it was . Mm 798. The, let

36:44 try. Yeah. Tetanus, of . Right. So um so not

36:53 many b person, this person is typically uh many of airborne uh droplet

37:01 transmission. Um but tennis, you're gonna catch tennis from somebody unless um

37:09 you like put your hand directly into wound and then touch yourself. I

37:14 think people are gonna do that. . So it's something that you're not

37:18 have a tetanus pandemic, in other , OK. So, but certainly

37:23 obviously meningitis COVID unfortunately, influenza, , although they communicable. So,

37:32 and I think we, so with dem obviously it's about, that's about

37:37 those that are not vaccinated. For, for whatever reason.

37:44 And so president, so obviously most the people I need that statement.

37:56 are the ones that uh so this on the left, if you are

38:03 um yellow, these are uh totally as a people free and help

38:19 Red is the infected contagious person. obviously, there's not a lot of

38:27 vaccinate people that are around, they sick first because the back ones actually

38:33 as a city a lower the OK. So obviously the snare on

38:40 left was virtue as right. You now lots of young people on the

38:49 on the other side are max Here he does. Yeah, lots

38:56 absorbers of the disease. That So, well, what is the

39:04 um at minimum 70% it was actually than depending on the diseases. And

39:15 this table here show this you that , yeah, for the particular is

39:31 one hand boss. OK. That spread. Do not every person.

39:44 the other man is suffering the eas first effect of measles and on arms

39:49 to COVID. Hold on. Thank right now I used to do with

39:55 graphic T and other factors upset So um so was the one,

40:07 , number of vaccinated people, Beatles and y um you need you ask

40:18 more easily. OK. Six total um so uh getting into different,

40:30 . So are ST in front of skin, soft tissue affections. And

40:41 there was the office office a month and a tr the show really 20

40:49 something different type of ratchet. And all right, see match actual bulla

40:59 blah, blah, blah, So depending on a possible but also

41:10 is other block vertis et cetera. but um just like smallpox, which

41:21 I think you kind of see that the box and bumps that there can

41:29 bumps that are gray and flat where colors. This is the whole crusty

41:36 the whole spectrum of. Ok. , they from the sea of,

41:44 know, the, the last and the staff have a very positive outside

41:55 Black Car. Um, the basic in their group, specifically an

42:06 We hear about that, ERM, common ski, but for the most

42:14 it's the, uh as no, it does, it's not something that's

42:25 step that holds. So, uh that for a particular co college and

42:36 uh and so, you know, already know the skin is a

42:40 very capable that there's food uh to to uh sweat boards, et

42:48 And so that's why they need you and so that way we can have

42:53 braising on the skin uh that within section. Um So uh oil skis

43:06 your eye, um Sleepy lights with hair fall. It was like a

43:12 of 89, 10 different. Uh of the skin infections related to boil

43:19 differentiated by point of entry with the . It seems to be what and

43:28 can improve in this uh as a , right? So boils can

43:37 we were hanging on, it was had on uh when you start the

43:41 and really a number of different people historical raising uh a slight function that

43:50 use um a burn. Um And develops currency uh these other different infections

43:59 people see here. Um So o you even show up? It is

44:04 hard rock b if you see that's a pretty car. That's even

44:10 action that takes those I heard of black. Very nice involved of treating

44:21 better part. I ra um to uh uh pure antibiotics as

44:30 That Shaw syndrome that was a uh um that the pain to that.

44:45 a secret world environment that uh no and um I appreciate the stuff um

44:57 . So that's gonna be sustained. fact that I was already been shot

45:04 . Uh I don't know if that's of this. All those uh om

45:13 , I that the last week it kind of fire uh bursa which is

45:20 of a short day. So uh silicon I one of the top I

45:28 listen the hospital fire effect. So of the coal hospital in the

45:39 If you were there for a you, you get a arthroscopic procedure

45:45 , right? And while you're there your chest, we call it how

45:53 call it healthcare healthcare. So the is not just the hospital but

46:03 et cetera, you didn't talk. uh but that was one of the

46:09 ones in that kind of situation. So talking about skin infections, categorize

46:18 as depths of penetration, right? the most superficial is something like impetigo

46:28 color skin syndrome. Impetigo is the you see a lot in and little

46:33 , particularly, especially in a daycare . So little kids aren't the most

46:38 . Ok. So they're like, this and experience and what not.

46:42 um, that's kind of how you . You have like a maybe in

46:48 at it and, you know, know and of course we used to

46:52 with that killed you crash and across floors. Uh But if it scratch

46:58 the K, you know, test and so, um annoying more than

47:04 else, um especially for the obviously. So, but um,

47:10 scar and skin syndrome that you see on the baby. Ok. So

47:15 , it can evolve just from a em bra or something like it.

47:23 I, and I probably, whatever you there. Uh So at

47:29 time in very deeper, so, you a simplest. Um uh so

47:41 meta fy ma going deeper and deeper deeper, uh obviously much worse in

47:46 of uh uh symptoms. And so that's aureus, a number of different

47:54 . Um, we'll, we'll see guy again in the context of

48:01 Ok? Because it's i it's in skin and soft tissue category. Uh

48:08 also the natural, um, uh the attack at 55. So we'll

48:17 if that order again in that but certainly not various types of

48:24 It is, it is the norm it's a little bit high on these

48:32 uh say uh ho it's very OK. So with, um and

48:43 gonna be some overlap in terms of infection causes uh strength in staff can

48:51 of have to overlap and also stress cause. So, but um drug

48:56 characterized by the change of early, very popular. Uh historically, we

49:05 pan script based on reactions on a of, right. So uh different

49:13 have to do with how it's a option that uh work on the

49:21 but place. So after a we Great col see, I put out

49:35 23 left that so uh let's not to agree. That does come from

49:46 uh natural law and in hemo inside . And as 1000 liberating the red

50:02 you see here that they good down road. OK. And so uh

50:13 , basically of all three groups. . OK. No, not,

50:24 adjectives in all words that so um here we see the fact that you

50:33 if you not right or that. And uh the T and the card

50:44 and the arthritis is typically the result a dental procedure or a root

50:50 um wisdom teeth, cold, uh like that where process and it would

50:58 a lot of uh procedure um at . Uh lining in the park.

51:11 they allow more serious disease. And that's why $200 you stop. Um

51:23 your dances have to the story. can't. This is the one that

51:33 at scenarios, um Just about the , I believe that one aggressive white

51:41 , it is a big actual um uh it's beginning cause of uh the

51:56 . So how is it? The but you can also rest from that

52:03 . So in spite of second, government that um um so this is

52:12 that number you uh my father is start with fever 39 but look alarming

52:27 , but I rarely fail the uh . That's exactly um that, that's

52:38 . You look at the typical uh worst case, the lens could spread

52:47 in the g the office because that that is very close related. And

52:58 the, so um the uh so the ropes were uh throat,

53:12 throat actually cause on other things, throat and some more events or

53:21 a last fever. So this is so one of the main uh grow

53:28 is the game of adherence, uh cataracts, compliment. So the

53:38 groups that um that that is similar some of your heart doctor and she

53:55 la across the neck part process. so sure other down and I still

54:11 purest 1312, the Supreme eggs. everybody's pro um we the simplest soar

54:36 when the player down to d uh kind of se a mu uh we

54:43 on here in between the simple that sun light again, which relates to

54:55 , get the tissue in affected Um And you know, effects is

55:00 invariable um depending on the various factors are happening. So uh does have

55:08 to that penetrates down. You hear and very different body, that's where

55:21 make the worst effect. So you this person here as the as the

55:27 tissue just like get a tissue, it out, right? And um

55:35 you know it down there, of the muscle. So it pretty bad

55:40 again, it starts with something very I have a crazy, you

55:45 think about it. Um uh that's other meetings. Uh not deep letters

55:59 below the superficial way. Yes, R force uh that just so,

56:09 um so with all these tends to etcetera. Um go ahead in.

56:24 . So in some way. it is and then you get

56:32 Mhm It can the 10 so hot yet. So the two big road

56:43 gonna be a it may be that Wikipedia maybe I I that so well

56:55 CS has to include trap. But yeah, it's, it's uh but

57:06 know, you, you can certain uh we have beer. Um

57:18 So let's pro all right. So here. I think that slightly the

57:25 of is gastrointestinal infections are what in ? Ok. OK. Down um

58:34 , it's gonna be viral in So go and some of the is

58:42 um the work that the the viral tend to be I three, they

58:55 never be more award fast. Um um upper and lower respiratory tract

59:09 And so um you my heart company is the universal trap. Um And

59:23 uh so we is all about So this is one of those icons

59:28 practice the getting the earth or attract . And so this, the,

59:35 I mentioned is more alarming to see person with it not really, not

59:40 dangerous, but really like day the though. This is blood present violence

59:53 pretty great, right? And combine with this a little bit of toxin

59:58 you kind of, I get very the main driving a color but

60:08 we kind of take care of Uh very rarely. There we

60:20 That was, I mean, we uh kids back in the thirties,

60:27 ? Until the vaccine came along. one of the um one of the

60:31 is one of the diseases they look and they go, yeah, vaccination

60:34 . I mean, look, look we did with diphtheria. And so

60:37 is one of those that's a the morphology. OK. So these um

60:46 gram positive but they, they don't a uniform shape. So we saw

60:53 streptococcus staph coccus are all around chains clusters, but a pleomorphic type will

60:59 have a un sh OK. They're rod like OK, but they'll have

61:08 Club Inns, um different types of that you see here. Uh That's

61:16 of geom morphic, right? They're , all right. So again,

61:21 vaccination, the, there is one it was 1935 not long after

61:28 the vaccine was developed and cases like . So it's one of the big

61:35 vaccine success and uh for being up the area in the States and the

61:42 the country vaccinated. Um but that to say, but uh the c

61:56 see Old Edinburgh uh and that's you still the, so that's what

62:06 see here. The great, so so um the infection and it has

62:15 do the thing that produce toxins that uh kill cells uh and in the

62:21 to create these, these lesions. . And yeah. And then you

62:30 just uh o over it um that king is constructed um restrict airflow.

62:43 But then uh but then it's ox in there some of the rod and

62:48 spread by the body, in and it, it was toy so

62:53 can't affect, you know, uh , in fact, by organs.

62:59 so have this makes a mistake where would be. OK. So,

63:05 we are completely um things uh that's folks so uh pick it up next

63:22 . Have a good rest of the holiday. OK? See you next

63:28 to wrap it

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