| 00:05 | Good morning. And uh finally we come up for last day for |
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| 00:11 | class. Um and uh thank you much for your, you know, |
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| 00:17 | come on Saturdays. It's, it's difficult, but you guys make it |
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| 00:24 | I also also make it. That's , very happy. Yeah. And |
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| 00:28 | I want to spend a few minutes , to have a brief review of |
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| 00:33 | yesterday's class. And yesterday, you , we mainly talk about the, |
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| 00:39 | alteration of the oil in reservoir. we talk about the, the two |
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| 00:47 | processes, but we introduced uh some or six alteration processes in for the |
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| 00:58 | in the reservoir. So I want check with you on how many |
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| 01:03 | how many the process you ha have in your mind and uh you sit |
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| 01:10 | the middle and uh tell, tell the, the how many processes in |
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| 01:16 | mind is uh that register or the in the alteration in the reservoir? |
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| 01:26 | , if you can name number six them, that's great for five. |
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| 01:32 | would be great. Yeah. Uh ok. I think that's good. |
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| 01:40 | , that's really good. And uh uh what what else can edit |
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| 01:47 | Yeah, what else? Gravity grading called? Yeah. Yeah. |
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| 02:02 | That's great. So the the six , but we we focusing on the |
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| 02:07 | processes yesterday it by, by about degradation and the T S R. |
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| 02:14 | and uh what are the key differences these two processes? Yeah, one |
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| 02:27 | the one is by the bacteria Another one is the reactions and um |
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| 02:38 | temperature and one is a higher Yeah. And both of them involve |
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| 02:45 | involve the water formation water. but for the T S R, |
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| 02:51 | know that formation water is the the we call the really active. So |
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| 02:57 | in the formation water. Do you that? And then what is the |
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| 03:01 | social species for the T S R the in the formation water in a |
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| 03:09 | ? I spent some time to emphasize uh sulfate sulfite species reactive. So |
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| 03:25 | who who remember that reactive species in condition? Uh Not that yet. |
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| 03:41 | still that we, we call the so contact iron pair. The reason |
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| 03:48 | want to let you know that because is our research group was discovering says |
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| 03:54 | you know, it's a so feature , soluble sulfate itself is not reactive |
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| 04:02 | kill some sulfate. Aqueous is not . And uh the reactive sulfate species |
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| 04:11 | a maan sulfate contact so that it react to the water formation water uh |
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| 04:19 | and temperature. So that that's Uh And uh how, what is |
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| 04:27 | initial beginning, the lowest initiated temperature the T S R? Uh? |
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| 04:35 | , on the temperature of K should it be higher than 100? |
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| 04:41 | oh, oh, hi. 120 C Yeah. And uh that is |
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| 04:50 | , that's the hot weather. And it's just past the, just past |
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| 04:56 | peak of oil generation. Just, remember that and all these processes, |
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| 05:02 | this kind of the alteration processes of oil, it happens in the |
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| 05:09 | So that's a 22, the key alteration process that we discussed yesterday just |
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| 05:17 | have some ideas. So definitely, know, for your homework assignment, |
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| 05:23 | do not really ask you the equations chemical equations of the T S R |
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| 05:28 | but uh you need to know that concepts and uh I, I always |
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| 05:34 | the definition. Yeah. So the homework assignment, I will have that |
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| 05:39 | of for you for this uh class today's class. And uh we, |
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| 05:46 | will have two sections and uh that the material we already uploaded in our |
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| 05:57 | the, the the is a part and part nine, part a and |
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| 06:03 | nine. So, and uh we will go to the part eight |
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| 06:10 | much as I can and also part as much as I can. So |
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| 06:15 | checked with Anthony and see about you, you guys reading the paper |
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| 06:21 | Anthony is not ready. Yet. how about, how about? And |
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| 06:26 | , not really yet. Yeah. . Ok. So, but we |
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| 06:34 | need, we still need those, kind of things can accomplished. So |
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| 06:38 | , if I complete this class supposed, I complete class at uh |
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| 06:44 | o'clock. And uh that means I have 11 hour of time, that |
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| 06:50 | hour time, we will set up zoom class and use this one hour |
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| 06:56 | time online to, to you guys to the, the paper if it |
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| 07:02 | one paper for five hour, five or two minutes and for each of |
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| 07:08 | and then we, we can have uh some kind of the the for |
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| 07:13 | part, we have, we can that one. So I tried to |
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| 07:17 | my class today one hour earlier. give us one hour for, for |
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| 07:22 | zoom class and that we, we a final exam that set up |
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| 07:27 | Yeah. Yeah. Hopefully we can have that uh zoom class, you |
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| 07:34 | , even after when they still still , I do the, all the |
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| 07:39 | all I want because we have a sections for our school. One |
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| 07:45 | I, you know, attending a and have un questions answers, you |
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| 07:50 | homework assignment and that is a big and then they have a, you |
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| 07:56 | , reading the paper and present it in the class. That is the |
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| 08:02 | portion and the last portion is the exam. So the, the second |
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| 08:09 | we will set up on the, , maybe the Friday of next |
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| 08:16 | Yeah, the Friday of next you know, it's the, we |
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| 08:20 | at 12 o'clock. I don't know that is the work for you or |
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| 08:24 | . Oh, what, what is good time for you? Maybe one |
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| 08:27 | . That's be good. 1 to . Yeah. Yeah. Please do |
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| 08:32 | . And the, the, the one hour or even two |
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| 08:36 | But then yeah, but and also I want to uh spend some time |
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| 08:44 | you have a question, you set up a zoom with me and |
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| 08:49 | I can individually talk with you if have questions react to your homework, |
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| 08:54 | to anything you, you want you want to further discuss with |
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| 09:02 | Yes. Since Ne next Friday, Friday, we will spend one hour |
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| 09:08 | have the pre presentations. That is , is that uh that we will |
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| 09:15 | presented by all of you instead of . Yeah. So that's uh |
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| 09:21 | we, we will, we will each other. So I will, |
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| 09:24 | will get based on that. I materials I can show the, give |
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| 09:28 | scope for, for give you the portion at the school. Yeah, |
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| 09:34 | that's next Friday. So any, time before the Wednesday before Wednesday, |
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| 09:40 | you want to set up the individual meeting with me, just individually, |
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| 09:46 | don't need to go through the you set up those things if you have |
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| 09:49 | questions, just uh just send them email, set, set up a |
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| 09:52 | meeting. We can, we can questions and I know, you |
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| 09:57 | three of you all attended the in class. It really help you to |
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| 10:03 | that all the materials and all these are very, really variable and she |
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| 10:09 | really change the, she didn't attend last weeks, Saturday class on this |
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| 10:14 | in person class. And uh I need to set up an individual zoom |
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| 10:20 | with her. And, uh, I read a, read a, |
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| 10:23 | her homework as Simon chance. It's simple. It's the about the, |
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| 10:29 | our burial history. And he, just say, OK, the generation |
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| 10:34 | of rock is that's only one sentence it's actually she didn't really, |
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| 10:40 | the, the really, really know , the, the really, really |
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| 10:44 | answer more, more, more, materials. She, she should more |
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| 10:49 | more. So I will set up individual class, individual zoom zoom time |
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| 10:53 | her. And uh for you if you like and just, just |
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| 10:58 | me know and the whole whole you know, we, we spend |
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| 11:03 | lot of our time and uh we you to, to really say, |
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| 11:09 | , something I, I think is but I still not really get there |
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| 11:16 | . I want to, you give you as much as the guidance |
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| 11:19 | I can and help you and uh us go to the, get into |
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| 11:26 | today's class. And then again, know, our class uh course of |
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| 11:32 | called the petroleum geochemistry. And uh spend a lot of time to look |
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| 11:40 | source rocks is actually we learn a from source rocks that build up the |
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| 11:46 | good foundation for us, understand the products which is the crude oil and |
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| 11:53 | gas. So uh I will spend let us in to look at the |
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| 11:58 | is the crude oil. The crude is a mixture of naturally occurring organic |
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| 12:06 | and with diverse carbons and therefore diverse points and the common methods of |
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| 12:14 | including the gas chromatograph. So that's the crude oil is simple. You |
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| 12:21 | see that the keyword is that it's a current product which contained the |
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| 12:32 | many organic compounds. And uh I think any, any, any researchers |
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| 12:41 | get the all the compounds be identified the characterized for the just the one |
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| 12:49 | oil. And that's the people people that there's thousands of carbons for in |
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| 12:57 | kind of crude oil. So you see that you can imagine that how |
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| 13:02 | of this, the those things. uh the very, very useful method |
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| 13:09 | characterize the crude oil is uh we the gas chromatograph. Actually, we |
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| 13:14 | talk about whole oil G C. that this is a very, I |
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| 13:22 | it's a very basic truth. You to know and uh where it's, |
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| 13:29 | as important as rock paralysis for the whole G C analysis. When |
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| 13:38 | take the, take the rock so characterization, you know, we look |
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| 13:45 | two important uh factors which is an of organic matter and the generation potential |
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| 13:55 | the organic. So that's the two factors for the when we have a |
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| 14:01 | oil at our hands. And uh know that is a mixture of the |
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| 14:08 | organic compounds. So that the the , very important method and uh to |
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| 14:18 | at the whole oil to look at whole oil compositions that use the best |
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| 14:25 | graph. So the P S A chromatography can separate rich and oil samples |
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| 14:34 | individual compounds based on the boiling point . So the way I can we |
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| 14:41 | do is that we got a very portion of the crude oil normally just |
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| 14:49 | the 20 mg of the crude oil uh and then read it and the |
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| 15:02 | and then added the solvents. What of solvents we added in in order |
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| 15:07 | try to get the whole O U C in particularly the large car. |
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| 15:12 | kind of solvent we we will use to I I did it say say |
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| 15:16 | . So yesterday hopefully is anybody remember ? Huh uh Me and Cora that |
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| 15:28 | 11 of them the solvent we are . But me and chora the boiling |
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| 15:34 | still it you know, it's we we, we, we about |
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| 15:40 | 20 mg of oil that is about 20 microliters in volume. Even the |
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| 15:49 | microliters involved if you density that 0.8 added about the 400 microliters of |
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| 16:01 | So you can see that the the to the oil is uh is about |
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| 16:06 | how many times it's, it's, about uh 2020 times. Yeah. |
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| 16:15 | that this, now this is the of the each compound, it really |
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| 16:26 | on the concentration of the mixed uh , which is the oil and the |
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| 16:33 | . So you can imagine that the itself is that uh it's very will |
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| 16:39 | up very big, big big But actually, when we do the |
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| 16:45 | C analysis, we try to so boiling point as low as possible because |
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| 16:54 | will be very, very big. peak or so peak will interfere with |
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| 17:00 | oil components. So that's the, solvents which we use. That is |
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| 17:07 | dark medicine medicine. It's actually actually is not really, we suggest to |
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| 17:14 | it for the whole U G C the point is still still high |
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| 17:21 | We use another solvent to call the sulfide A CS two CS two. |
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| 17:29 | uh the uh just, just, remember that they use the CS two |
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| 17:36 | a solvent to dissolve the oil. then I thought about the 425 details |
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| 17:47 | the whole whole whole small volume and the file on the, put it |
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| 17:54 | the, put it into the sampling chill those sample tree is actually that's |
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| 18:00 | automation systems and uh that you put there. And then that's the they |
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| 18:07 | the sample to that sample tower is a syringe there. And then they |
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| 18:13 | see you program each other one batch the samples. It normally, normally |
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| 18:20 | put 20 samples in one batch and put there, you program it and |
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| 18:27 | can run the samples automatically. So you do is that after each |
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| 18:34 | after each sample run is actually we will put that picture that rings |
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| 18:44 | the rins the syringe, you they, they have a syringe and |
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| 18:49 | get samples from both samples. After . If you want to, |
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| 18:54 | if you want to inject a second in order to uh get rid of |
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| 19:00 | cross contamination, you need to arrange sign the use the use the |
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| 19:09 | which is C two that brings that a clean, clean, your, |
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| 19:15 | clean your syringe and then ready for second injection. So each round will |
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| 19:22 | about each round will take about an , one hour. And after the |
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| 19:28 | around you, your after one sample , actually you arrange your, the |
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| 19:34 | your syringe and ready for next So after one hour, you can |
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| 19:40 | the second samples to your, to G signal. So the, once |
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| 19:47 | injecting your, once you inject your to your G C, it's that |
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| 19:53 | will lower tile all your samples including in, in the injection, the |
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| 20:02 | pot, injection pot. But that inject pot pot. Yeah, it's |
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| 20:06 | 250 degree degrees C that, that but sometimes it's 350 degrees C and |
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| 20:15 | all the, all the, the oil components, including solvents into |
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| 20:22 | gas piece. Once you remember that then you have a carrier gas, |
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| 20:30 | have carrier gas and carry on carry your beverage the samples and goes to |
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| 20:40 | color. This is, this is a 13 or 15 m long, |
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| 20:47 | m, 30 or 50 m long that cry column. And yeah, |
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| 20:55 | size of the column is very It's very small, 0.5 millimeters or |
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| 21:05 | even, even even smaller than And you can give it that on |
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| 21:12 | that uh so you, you have mixture, each extra material through |
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| 21:21 | And uh so those samples can be on the molecule of the family, |
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| 21:30 | the smaller mole molecule size, more faster you move the slower. So |
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| 21:40 | is the end of the call. uh you, you have an additional |
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| 21:48 | the gas, you have additional gas all your, the, the, |
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| 21:54 | each compound into the detector. So detector here that the detector we call |
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| 22:01 | F ID flam ionization detector and those a very hot temperature, that |
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| 22:09 | is very hot temperature and uh it a oxygen which is the air at |
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| 22:16 | air and the hydrogen and the And then every, every, all |
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| 22:27 | separate from color get into the detective the, and I I and then |
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| 22:38 | I had and become the supposed ma molecules, maximal molecules are not direct |
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| 22:47 | by the F ID. You need generate a ach three that, that |
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| 22:56 | of ice. And uh that means , you need one of the and |
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| 23:02 | the iron that I tested by the F I T detection. And once |
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| 23:09 | have that and then, then you a, you know the system that |
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| 23:13 | digital digital processing system, OK. the record in the, they |
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| 23:22 | pick, pick area of, of box, each, the higher concentration |
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| 23:30 | the components that correspond to higher pick of each. So eventually you search |
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| 23:42 | separate the all the mixed component components the individual compounds. So this is |
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| 23:53 | , the typical, typical oil, T C uh chromatogram. And what |
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| 23:59 | can see that you do that you a lot of larger peaks, large |
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| 24:05 | peaks and those are all belong to kings, normal, normal oil |
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| 24:18 | if you have a Yeah, because normal oil can, normal oil |
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| 24:28 | see that, that have a chain a normal languages. And that's still |
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| 24:39 | still the, that the, the , single, they're like this. |
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| 24:49 | then we have a call that we do also call, have a |
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| 24:56 | it's called, I know I ask , which contains the, the, |
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| 25:18 | the, the, the, the, the, the components in |
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| 25:25 | , the, the normal, the and also you know that they do |
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| 25:32 | a yeah, they don't have a aromatics normally contains the third type doesn |
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| 25:45 | or yes, all those things can separate in that. So what you |
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| 25:57 | see that, that I both kicks are normally. So you can, |
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| 26:06 | normally we put the, we we the, the internal standards and |
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| 26:13 | each chick is like uh like this is and then there's 111 card number |
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| 26:26 | and the 1918 and 16, 14, 13, 12, 10 |
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| 26:43 | . And this is a very this is a very, very normal |
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| 26:48 | , the G C train you, the the in the oil. Now |
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| 26:55 | our research, we do this simple . What what I want to emphasize |
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| 27:00 | since is that is that you have small and separate here. And uh |
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| 27:07 | you use the solvent, if you your solage, it actually it didn't |
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| 27:11 | see that you. So and the two is the car contain the materials |
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| 27:17 | have big. So actually this is really cut. So that's why, |
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| 27:28 | know, this is not really a our mixed uh, components. You |
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| 27:36 | , that's, that's why we use same too. And, and, |
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| 27:43 | , also you see that there's a of a small pig out of small |
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| 27:48 | . Those small pis is actually I , uh, also have a very |
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| 27:57 | idea. They actually the ARIC. , uh, also you can see |
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| 28:02 | there's, uh, we call we have a really big here. |
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| 28:07 | are the, because we know that oil all have a full uh the |
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| 28:14 | production groups who can tell me that there are four fraction groups. We |
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| 28:20 | about a few times already what they , oil can separate it to four |
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| 28:26 | groups. We had to saturate. only two contain the compounds. And |
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| 28:39 | , and as really big molecules, cannot really separate with that one and |
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| 28:48 | the, from the bigger hamper. uh also, you know, |
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| 28:55 | the, the we, we talk that we will introduce a little bit |
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| 28:59 | the mark markers which are uh are in but normally the bridge that seven |
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| 29:12 | see what we see here. You , we have a normal and also |
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| 29:18 | some marks developed. Yeah, those the very good indication for the, |
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| 29:24 | the source indication and uh also the indication and respect that they can refer |
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| 29:33 | to the red, reduced development of , your. So yeah, |
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| 29:44 | the G C G C itself cannot , so that, and that's why |
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| 29:52 | , the the, the, the is another techniques that's very useful |
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| 29:58 | And uh after that, she gave the, what the idea is that |
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| 30:06 | each the same here, it's everything for, for, for this part |
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| 30:13 | that's for the detector part instead of detector of abundance of the I it's |
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| 30:25 | you detect the mass and uh that the, the in the, |
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| 30:32 | in the process and then you take mass and then look, look at |
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| 30:37 | different each compound, each compound after can form the many, many of |
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| 30:44 | red, they have a have a spec reference. They can use it |
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| 30:51 | identify each. That's why the, why the, the, the G |
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| 30:58 | is a very basic thing like our paralysis for the crude oil characterization. |
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| 31:07 | you really looking for more details about mark, the G C, the |
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| 31:14 | is not enough, you need to a different, different new tools. |
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| 31:20 | . So that's uh uh we do really cover the this mass techniques in |
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| 31:26 | , in our course, but that's it's become a, become a little |
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| 31:31 | more complicated for the G C So the G C is a regular |
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| 31:38 | , relatively easy uh technique and uh very useful. OK. So this |
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| 31:53 | the show that this is a oil the Gulf coast region, what you |
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| 32:01 | see that and uh 15 and uh us to look at the once I |
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| 32:25 | I have a really good, good uh let me, let me check |
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| 32:31 | this each big, big. Yeah, this is carbon line that |
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| 32:51 | . Yeah, those are each, , I think the normal oil component |
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| 33:00 | this uh this C 62, the and it was kind of small. |
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| 33:18 | , that's, yeah, I, , some, some of the, |
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| 33:28 | , but it's actually it's the, kind of also reliable, what you |
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| 33:35 | normal, that very clearly approached. that's why the normal ever do that |
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| 33:44 | uh you know, any time when do the research, you want to |
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| 33:49 | the, find the most reliable. . So what you can see that |
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| 33:55 | also the, the one important thing second season based on the boil point |
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| 34:07 | is that no, it is the of the, the car is actually |
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| 34:16 | of the body part of the, , the, the, the, |
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| 34:24 | in the oven. I I forgot mention why one important thing is when |
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| 34:28 | do the, do the rock we got one s two picks. |
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| 34:36 | . And they use it called the pro the program teaching program. |
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| 34:42 | you remember that we have a we will heat from the room temperature |
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| 34:49 | 600 degrees C we have a, call the heating program. Same thing |
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| 34:59 | . Same thing here. That's why , you know, volatile volatile from |
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| 35:07 | point. That's the heart. And but uh all the all those |
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| 35:14 | all those things is mixed. So uh initially mix a bit so |
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| 35:20 | Yeah. And then in here that a great high temperature zone. So |
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| 35:29 | is just a the the so the of the mixture of all and then |
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| 35:46 | know that color green no develop to color. So that T C column |
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| 35:53 | be that will be absorbed on the of the T C column inside of |
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| 36:02 | surface of column. And then what do is gradually increase where do increase |
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| 36:12 | . So once you increase temperature, , that's the at a lower |
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| 36:17 | That's the point. Uh the the the the the carbon, the carbon |
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| 36:24 | with the lower boling points, you be back to the release from the |
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| 36:32 | at an earlier time. That why see the large carbon as you have |
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| 36:38 | lower carbon numbers and has the higher body points and turn up the |
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| 36:52 | then separate. And that is that the concept we can reach and they |
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| 37:08 | to is about 303 150 or 304 . Normally it's 350. So because |
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| 37:20 | all the, all the pas can when they reach the three. So |
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| 37:27 | that that's the kind of thing I to hear and what that means that |
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| 37:33 | know, we see the this and you still see the very, very |
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| 37:41 | small chicks here know that the LP and those kind of stuff comes |
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| 37:48 | We don't know, we don't know that, but not that, that |
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| 37:53 | be in the car of the 2022 22. So what we do is |
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| 38:03 | let the, all the things together for each individual in the local, |
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| 38:13 | the carbon, that's the carbon number country and then you the, the |
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| 38:18 | and the together we do that integration by that and then we, we |
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| 38:27 | get the, the concentrate concentration of each carbon groups. And uh of |
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| 38:35 | , you know that they can get reliable concentration of the normal oil for |
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| 38:43 | and uh what, what you can that what you can see that the |
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| 38:48 | peak for the normal oil can see and uh when you look at the |
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| 38:55 | concentration of a normal oil cans in whole oil, can you estimate that |
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| 39:03 | the how much percentage of normal oil can take in the whole oil in |
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| 39:11 | whole oil company? How much OK. Give me a guess, |
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| 39:24 | whatever number gave it to me. based on this line I say, |
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| 39:27 | , maybe 20 maybe 30 or maybe how much percentage? OK. |
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| 39:38 | that's a that was, that you know, before, before I |
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| 39:43 | this kind of the crude oil to study. I my my if you |
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| 39:48 | at all those things you will OK, that is a normal |
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| 39:52 | It will take at least 50 60% the whole oil come from to |
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| 40:01 | to the of the whole oil. actually, those, those is the |
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| 40:07 | text that 20 to 25% about The rest of the things, the |
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| 40:14 | of things is all this kind of kind of uh the brunch you cannot |
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| 40:23 | uh isolate the, separate, the on the. So this is |
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| 40:31 | is the second thing I want to with you. I think it's a |
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| 40:34 | that's kind of things of interesting that know that the normal you can if |
|
| 40:39 | look at all the yeah, that's really a lot. This actually |
|
| 40:44 | normal the only takes about 20 to of the whole by formation. What |
|
| 40:58 | you mean by formation? Mm It a correlation the time. Yes, |
|
| 41:10 | house is oh OK. I I see it's uh to exempt the |
|
| 41:19 | as we try to see the the , this samples on the oil that |
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| 41:25 | and the oil, oil correlation they similarity based on the based based on |
|
| 41:32 | , we can say OK, this is similar to another oil or different |
|
| 41:37 | oil. So that's, that's the we don't need to provide a space |
|
| 41:43 | us to do the oil, oil comparison. This oil compared to the |
|
| 41:49 | oil. How that actually if you to do that. Oh Yeah, |
|
| 41:53 | , the, the reason why to that because, you know, |
|
| 41:57 | uh, if we, in, , we, we have produce the |
|
| 42:00 | in the base. The one region can collect the oil samples, another |
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| 42:05 | will collect another oil sample and then can collect the oil samples across |
|
| 42:11 | you want to know those five oil , the fire oil, they are |
|
| 42:17 | or different. Yeah. The, , to the, to the same |
|
| 42:22 | different because we got products we want we want to get the idea with |
|
| 42:28 | this oil. Yeah, that's the times, multiple times that and the |
|
| 43:03 | oil. Yeah. Yeah. all the same. That's a is |
|
| 43:29 | thank you. That's uh I didn't look at that. That's why that's |
|
| 43:33 | that's why I I I I see since I didn't really see the where |
|
| 43:39 | that was come from. Ok, thank you. That's great. Ok |
|
| 43:53 | uh this is what I said you that. Ok, this one is |
|
| 43:58 | a really nice one you have. . Yeah that and what what we |
|
| 44:23 | is that there is a very very typical uh and uh for the |
|
| 44:30 | number in the N 7 17 the 7 18 that and what we see |
|
| 44:40 | those those cheap of the 17 which 17 and uh after that quickly come |
|
| 44:49 | another another I the the the the like this very very what we call |
|
| 45:07 | . And uh and uh that's also noise as noise. Maybe, maybe |
|
| 45:15 | is the one of the very very, very useful the, this |
|
| 45:31 | every sport happen every port habit, have a one branch of. So |
|
| 45:38 | are the, those are the called and those, those things very, |
|
| 45:44 | useful, very, very good indicator the, for the reduce environments on |
|
| 45:53 | also the maturity in the kitchen for oil. So this is the same |
|
| 45:58 | and there is the same and then got the same same I think and |
|
| 46:07 | also have also have a also which a but so that that's very, |
|
| 46:21 | , very useful, very useful since the oil, oil, oil correlation |
|
| 46:27 | uh like the like we we we it is important finger. And then |
|
| 46:37 | , normally, if the increasing value less than that, normally you get |
|
| 46:43 | the few organic source of the oil sourced from marine environment. If the |
|
| 46:50 | ratio of this two ratio of these , the peak area of these two |
|
| 46:56 | than the three that indicate that uh that's it, that's I mean that's |
|
| 47:05 | a that is a very, very in education for us to uh for |
|
| 47:11 | to identify the source of the And uh that that's why they come |
|
| 47:24 | man indication. This is the one one the important indication. And uh |
|
| 47:29 | here there's a performance of the P N separation technology. So that's |
|
| 47:35 | as we see here, that's the O U G C and C I |
|
| 47:41 | which is a normal paraffin. And , the people develop the tools, |
|
| 47:49 | to develop the experimental tools. See if you compare this to look at |
|
| 47:56 | , this, this compare this to and branch has moved and they, |
|
| 48:05 | uh that, that is the, , the experimentally I can use |
|
| 48:10 | you use the different uh different uh absorb the absorption and to remove the |
|
| 48:17 | and concentrate with the normal. And it comes to the normal, what |
|
| 48:24 | can see here, what you can here the the this this normal chicks |
|
| 48:30 | do not really interfere by the any of the uh the, yeah. |
|
| 48:38 | then that's what we said yesterday, know, I show you about the |
|
| 48:45 | of each individual compounds as how, they can get it. Because if |
|
| 48:52 | , this you need, you need really get the pure chicken and not |
|
| 49:00 | affected by the just the small chicks order to catch the measurement of the |
|
| 49:08 | is how do that? You see this is the same sample is |
|
| 49:15 | remove the is is and get normal and also you have a, |
|
| 49:26 | you can get as para para two chicks which is, and once you |
|
| 49:36 | those kind of separation, you can the carbon aspects of the Christian. |
|
| 49:43 | is also very useful to, to the source of the organic ma that |
|
| 49:50 | , the, the those those. then we have not, not actually |
|
| 49:56 | the the. So all complicates the structures and contains the, contains |
|
| 50:05 | the yeah, a carbon, single bound by race, all kind |
|
| 50:17 | all kind of compounds. Those things still the single banks actually have a |
|
| 50:26 | rings and actually five, there's five and six cameras and so it's not |
|
| 50:36 | and uh, you, you don't you need to know too much about |
|
| 50:40 | things. But what do you, do you realize that the, the |
|
| 50:44 | in order to get to the, order to the oil and the they |
|
| 50:50 | many, many different countries, new medicine to the oil and uh |
|
| 50:57 | as much as information from oil and referring back, referring back to the |
|
| 51:05 | , my sauce and some mature Those kind of very important. And |
|
| 51:12 | normally, normally, you know, you many, many places like uh |
|
| 51:17 | the, the like like East they develop those oil fields for, |
|
| 51:25 | many, many years. They, even don't know where has the sauce |
|
| 51:29 | up. I do not really drill , you know, before we drill |
|
| 51:35 | , do the shell oil and shale . Who will take, we will |
|
| 51:40 | out your sauce. Sauce is is, is your oil and gas |
|
| 51:46 | , but the money come from relevant of the instead of the, the |
|
| 51:54 | market itself. Yeah. And then you a geologist, you tell your |
|
| 51:58 | manager and say I want to, the people that will share your, |
|
| 52:03 | want to do the. Alright, talk about this 5 50. Not |
|
| 52:35 | . I know you. Ok, mhm. Bye. I really agree |
|
| 53:04 | that deal with the, you before that again. Oh, and |
|
| 53:16 | what you can do is, you , and the oil and quality, |
|
| 53:34 | why, that's why the people spend 10 for. And uh we also |
|
| 53:50 | this lab before and we want to further increase over there. And uh |
|
| 54:01 | do have a uh your GP patter actually changed and I don't know if |
|
| 54:08 | have a good, very good. uh I wanted to see what the |
|
| 54:23 | , all the humans will come, from dominance. It in with |
|
| 54:36 | in, in what is considered the of that is that the increase of |
|
| 54:44 | and uh so the future value from become lower and eventually become, which |
|
| 54:54 | discuss before. Once you reach the , it's actually get the, get |
|
| 55:02 | the all over the and then you the see the curve curve and, |
|
| 55:15 | usually, and so any kind of . So that, that is the |
|
| 55:26 | that is one of the indication if look at your oil, look at |
|
| 55:30 | oil and uh have this knowledge in mind and then you put the, |
|
| 55:35 | on the whole c you get some about the, the oil and the |
|
| 55:44 | back to the and uh also OK, let, let's have a |
|
| 55:56 | at this, this, uh I this really, really from the, |
|
| 56:02 | , the what is, what, I mentioned before about. So because |
|
| 56:08 | , that's why they have a really , big chicken here. So |
|
| 56:15 | that's the, uh look at this really good the, the there |
|
| 56:29 | and even if that, so that's actually if you use that for this |
|
| 56:36 | for you, this is actually like use some, some or some other |
|
| 56:41 | . So not good. You should dark you, that medicine is a |
|
| 56:48 | clear separation. So think about look at, look at your, |
|
| 56:58 | at our whole O G C this here if, if you |
|
| 57:12 | cover everything. Yeah, that's not because if you run a two. |
|
| 57:22 | if you really want to run ac that like this, this this and |
|
| 57:41 | is very good. But what, is actually the, the shape, |
|
| 57:47 | shape of the whole really our uh , the the of the or, |
|
| 57:59 | , or you know, the is contain some kind of a very special |
|
| 58:09 | . And uh they're called the golden on some green all. And those |
|
| 58:14 | is actually produce the heavier hydrocarbons which heavier two or 27 22. |
|
| 58:26 | And uh turn out to the fast change in the oil. So that's |
|
| 58:32 | , what I want to emphasize is , the, the current technology, |
|
| 58:38 | technology much, much better, much than those of us, much better |
|
| 58:45 | us. It's the, when, you have, I, I believe |
|
| 58:50 | work on that you have all you send them to the any kind |
|
| 58:54 | commercial app that can get to the nice, utilize the G C |
|
| 59:04 | Uh This is actually even better. , you know, my lab, |
|
| 59:08 | gets a very nice, very nice of the whole. It's uh for |
|
| 59:15 | pick it, you see that the is a separation is very good. |
|
| 59:20 | a big, if the two big all almost overlap together because you call |
|
| 59:30 | together. So that means that your , not you need to really adjust |
|
| 59:35 | your color, but those are all technical issues. And we, you |
|
| 59:41 | not ask you what I want to is that once you have a in |
|
| 59:49 | current technology, you can get them nice T C. Uh And then |
|
| 59:58 | you give you a clear idea about , the composition, composition of the |
|
| 60:05 | , the new combination of the Yeah, that's the, that's |
|
| 60:10 | the and uh this one and we show this one and that's the, |
|
| 60:19 | know, at the O G you run a G C, you |
|
| 60:23 | uh you also and that can quickly the information about your oil in a |
|
| 60:32 | been a has been a by, the irritation or not. So like |
|
| 60:41 | one, this one, this one clear, very normal or it is |
|
| 60:49 | . You do not really have any of uh uh no, no, |
|
| 60:56 | , very nice of, oh, is the normally we will use that |
|
| 61:12 | inject, inject the mix. it should seem like as yeah, |
|
| 61:22 | is uh the, the because uh know, if we use the |
|
| 61:30 | you need the big. So what do is that we use that for |
|
| 61:38 | that is the, the the that's , the, the, the um |
|
| 62:00 | then, then you know that 304 so that direction each and for this |
|
| 62:20 | I know um because at this I thought that was and uh so |
|
| 62:30 | you see this kind of the, kind of the hole, which is |
|
| 62:33 | like something wrong run with not, , not and that it's via the |
|
| 62:46 | , you know, assume and suggest this area, maybe you have the |
|
| 62:53 | water and the activity and the recharging connected to the connect somehow connect to |
|
| 63:01 | surface. And uh if you see kind of things of coffee, the |
|
| 63:09 | oil, you know that know that information from the oil. And uh |
|
| 63:20 | also, and those those for the sample and the people before we have |
|
| 63:30 | share oil on the shale gas. this, this is and then you |
|
| 63:38 | production and shows that your oil like and then this this and this is |
|
| 63:48 | just get the, get the and this one by the, by the |
|
| 64:08 | even catch the last part the and and so this one given shadow and |
|
| 64:18 | , then you see the, that's that, yeah, this is |
|
| 64:33 | very good indication, very good That's the oil competition, all the |
|
| 64:41 | C competition of. And then for , you have a, you have |
|
| 64:48 | in a shadow shadow Arima. we already show and all that we |
|
| 64:58 | at the oil composition referring your the the alteration and the same and |
|
| 65:05 | one and another case and we are show this one as well. And |
|
| 65:11 | what is another very important thing is , you know, we have |
|
| 65:15 | we have oil produced in, in, in the area in a |
|
| 65:21 | and then, then we do not have a do not really have a |
|
| 65:26 | rock information. And how do we that the have come the the source |
|
| 65:33 | rich source or this? So that's let's give in because if you have |
|
| 65:40 | kind of geological information and then you , you can, you can based |
|
| 65:45 | the geology, you can have some which formation could be potential. So |
|
| 65:51 | that can work attitude by, you , this is the, this is |
|
| 65:57 | oils and uh they use for the 29 C 30. And uh that's |
|
| 66:06 | X axis with the rats, that , another, another rat, the |
|
| 66:15 | you can see that, you this day I have a based on |
|
| 66:20 | many, based on the many, other, the best data and the |
|
| 66:25 | , this kind of the empirical correlation referring to your in the, in |
|
| 66:37 | reach the. So the field if have a class go there and once |
|
| 66:48 | have a oil samples, you do kind of analysis. And uh and |
|
| 66:53 | and put that the analysis result to kind of empirical block. And then |
|
| 66:59 | have ideas that that if your soft is mainly should be reach the soft |
|
| 67:08 | the. So suppose you and then make some uh some kind of the |
|
| 67:19 | they have the potential highly important. this and then you have a geology |
|
| 67:30 | combine the geology, geology, say , that smart oil formation actually rich |
|
| 67:37 | and all you say legal for. , I go to, I should |
|
| 67:43 | that legal for the system is rich , smart formation that is class system |
|
| 67:51 | then you have some ideas, The oil you know trap in here |
|
| 67:57 | my truck is could be sourced from eagle. And uh that is a |
|
| 68:04 | of a bigger, bigger picture they to you. I think that, |
|
| 68:10 | , that that is how, how the this this those can provide a |
|
| 68:16 | , really useful information as well. . That is the market for |
|
| 68:26 | oil and oil correlation. Now come finally come up with this kind of |
|
| 68:32 | things about oil, oil, oil , the correlation, oil, |
|
| 68:38 | oil correlation. Imagine that uh the and the fingerprints and the select |
|
| 68:47 | What's actually what I what I say , the all, all that still |
|
| 68:55 | C and uh once if we have I I I need to to further |
|
| 69:02 | the data. Once we get the oil C C, we don't need |
|
| 69:08 | separate the oil to the different Yeah, we don't need to do |
|
| 69:14 | . And uh for the fingerprint from biomarkers medicine and we need to separate |
|
| 69:21 | oil to the different uh function group is a satu biometrics and the saturated |
|
| 69:30 | , we can use the two that market. And once we have |
|
| 69:37 | those kind of big, actually the and we use saturated fractions and those |
|
| 69:44 | injected to our G C that if want to get the whole, no |
|
| 69:58 | you can get the information from you cannot get that. And this |
|
| 70:04 | information you from your, your And the, the you have |
|
| 70:12 | you have to use a G C and the G C mass and uh |
|
| 70:16 | then you can get a really good for each component and the seeds can |
|
| 70:24 | misleading due to the recent or So that's uh we have all sees |
|
| 70:33 | some fields and then, you we can collect that, see all |
|
| 70:39 | we can do, we can do analysis. But those are the, |
|
| 70:42 | people give, give us some uh mise information. And uh it's, |
|
| 70:49 | course, you come by the some matter in the recent segment and also |
|
| 70:58 | also the involved in the oil, system alteration like that's higher. So |
|
| 71:09 | the point I want to say that say, OK, if you do |
|
| 71:14 | all we do the research work, do the research work. You need |
|
| 71:19 | , you need to, you need look at the new material, research |
|
| 71:25 | , how reliable of research. this is fun. This is a |
|
| 71:30 | , very first step, very small . And uh for our source rock |
|
| 71:37 | for our source studies, you craft samples and the co the the |
|
| 71:46 | the core materials, of course, will select the view the co |
|
| 71:50 | right? And that will be uh will be you, you will spend |
|
| 71:55 | much as the effort and the money your your time to to work on |
|
| 72:01 | , your, your the material because most reliable. The and and also |
|
| 72:12 | you have a for comparison couples for different locations, of course, you |
|
| 72:18 | to close out. And if there no, I'm still OK, you |
|
| 72:27 | because you can get as much fresh as you can. And the third |
|
| 72:37 | that we had because cutting you you can limit that cutter, the |
|
| 72:43 | , mixing me the material that mix any information you can generate from that |
|
| 72:52 | also the protection is less reliable. this is how, how we do |
|
| 73:00 | research. We first the first you need to look at your research |
|
| 73:06 | . Oh Use the a you the best material are possible. It's |
|
| 73:16 | more time for to find our investment send you to the to the oil |
|
| 73:24 | . The best uh samples actually produce from your past. You get those |
|
| 73:31 | as much as you can and uh a really fresh uncontaminated balance. Because |
|
| 73:42 | about that, if you at the at the beginning, you have very |
|
| 73:46 | at preparation for your samples, collect uh after two or three years and |
|
| 73:54 | the the and uh when you stand here to give the presentation to your |
|
| 74:02 | , no one really question about your representative. Yeah. And that is |
|
| 74:08 | you spend, you spend 22 or months of time to find the right |
|
| 74:14 | . OK? And when you present to the new audience, present it |
|
| 74:18 | your professor, present to your I feel so comfortable because my |
|
| 74:26 | I have no any thought for my , of course, very important to |
|
| 74:33 | . It's uh it, it uh the beginning when you design anything kind |
|
| 74:37 | projects at the beginning with that that part. Otherwise, if |
|
| 74:43 | otherwise if you catch some beginning you and uh after three years, you |
|
| 74:50 | your time on when you present no audiences. Hey, for |
|
| 74:56 | I don't think it was that and you can use a lot of |
|
| 75:07 | what does that mean? That means , that your results that you got |
|
| 75:12 | your mature is not, uh this very important, very important. I |
|
| 75:20 | it's the, you know, when , when, when you all design |
|
| 75:25 | new project that found, that's why like the little few words here and |
|
| 75:33 | components or region that what we talk today. OK. And uh so |
|
| 75:46 | is the, this is the, course, no contamination dream dream |
|
| 75:58 | and then you have, so that's the only that. So based |
|
| 76:04 | the key component component of the oil the water, you know the whole |
|
| 76:17 | and uh those kind of things to oil caps around the region of |
|
| 76:32 | can be have the two variation If you start the oil, oil |
|
| 76:40 | have this what you can, what you can get. Oh, that's |
|
| 76:45 | . OK. We can how the of the R referring back to the |
|
| 76:51 | r receptive is ocean. And it's we have traps, we have trap |
|
| 77:00 | develop them. And the trap is you can charge the, the oil |
|
| 77:08 | from the different sources deeper or shallow you can try trap the oil actually |
|
| 77:15 | from the same source but give some . So let's talk about next, |
|
| 77:23 | think can then be to that. oh your geograph that is even |
|
| 77:31 | you know, we need to use knowledge, oil, oil correlation, |
|
| 77:38 | correlation. So back to geology, to your, look at your and |
|
| 77:43 | look, look at your, look your back to your geology and uh |
|
| 77:48 | you more confidence for your for your analysis. So that's the the the |
|
| 77:57 | the very detailed work, do the detailed work. And uh we still |
|
| 78:02 | to to back to back to That is why the, you know |
|
| 78:09 | my understanding as a joke, chemist geophysics and uh geologist, everything, |
|
| 78:20 | , what you do, we need get back to. Otherwise, you |
|
| 78:25 | , we will remove the joke from subjects. That is the how, |
|
| 78:31 | that said that means means that in past all spec majority in the period |
|
| 78:46 | that time around the world. And that is how you know our geology |
|
| 78:54 | geologist. And uh we, when do the research, we do the |
|
| 79:00 | , we will do the very detailed , very detailed study in your |
|
| 79:05 | in your your mail, your But after you get some understanding, |
|
| 79:12 | you get some understanding you, you to, you need to open your |
|
| 79:18 | once you get to very detailed understanding you build up some kind of the |
|
| 79:24 | that based on your side and of kind of some kind of the theory |
|
| 79:30 | on your side. And that's very all over the area. And then |
|
| 79:37 | need to open mind will watch open to say, OK, open your |
|
| 79:42 | , not to only look at your , you need to apply knowledge to |
|
| 79:47 | areas, you apply knowledge to other areas of obviously and make your research |
|
| 79:57 | more valuable. Then you just only at your head. This is |
|
| 80:03 | this is the one and the further is OK, if I look at |
|
| 80:08 | space, hi harrier this best. then you say, OK, I |
|
| 80:15 | something in my best suppose, the, the nutrition and the fact |
|
| 80:23 | that, that the the the the my area, all tectonic effect this |
|
| 80:32 | just the best, the best, they experience a different and then you |
|
| 80:41 | , OK, that best to become Yeah. And that in the and |
|
| 80:52 | you try to see that you look the reference, look at the |
|
| 80:56 | the not the best and then combined because that is that's kind of the |
|
| 81:05 | that come up from your research. , they say, OK, based |
|
| 81:09 | my research, my area I and and just not to the to the |
|
| 81:19 | then you read the reference on it that, that and can you really |
|
| 81:28 | some support and then you, you , you get those things at |
|
| 81:35 | what you can see that you you, you have more work and |
|
| 81:41 | , and all the games to watch the games. When you write your |
|
| 81:46 | , it's not only one chance. focus the focus of my and then |
|
| 81:53 | have a, you have, you two or three. So this is |
|
| 82:00 | kind of the research method. I, I try to try to |
|
| 82:07 | about all the things here. What of oil, oil formation? What |
|
| 82:11 | of oil formation? Wow, you to take the charge? The charge |
|
| 82:18 | that kind of thing? You back geology. Yeah, going back to |
|
| 82:23 | , you need to check to OK. This thing is only unique |
|
| 82:28 | my area or relatively general in in a best that that is that |
|
| 82:35 | then then then the the you you learn a lot and uh your |
|
| 82:39 | become more valuable. OK. And that's the empirical and numerical modeling of |
|
| 82:50 | supply in the matrix. So let's about mass balance space for the |
|
| 82:58 | And let me see at what time ? Yeah. Can we have |
|
| 83:03 | can we have the 10 minutes And then we back, we back |
|
| 83:10 | it. OK. And uh we talk about the empirical and numerical model |
|
| 83:20 | the hydrocarbon supply entrapment volumes. What supply supply means that uh if we |
|
| 83:28 | a trap, you need to relate relate to your source rock itself. |
|
| 83:34 | . And also you need to relate the expulsion efficiency and uh and also |
|
| 83:42 | and uh that what we really talk now is we, we use a |
|
| 83:47 | called the volumetrics means. What is really does not want to know that |
|
| 83:53 | much, how much oil and gas be in the, in our, |
|
| 84:02 | our. Yeah. So that's So how we can reach there. |
|
| 84:08 | the, the the big, big material mass balance based for the |
|
| 84:17 | estimation, so that everything is based the mass balance. Ok. So |
|
| 84:24 | a better ideas here. And now realized that how important of our peachum |
|
| 84:33 | . Yes. And in, in to understand that the volumes, how |
|
| 84:40 | oil and the gas can be charged the traps, that's the only we |
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| 84:44 | , we can reach them. And you see that's the, they stick |
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| 84:51 | the, the everything which we talk about that and that to say the |
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| 84:56 | are still and the petroleum systems. that's back to our, back to |
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| 85:03 | first class, four weeks class. uh we, we have introduced this |
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| 85:11 | a few times already. So I , I don't want to spend too |
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| 85:15 | time on here. So what we know that we have a conventional |
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| 85:21 | , conventional system, not conventional I want to test a little bit |
|
| 85:26 | uh what are you understanding about conventional ? And the systems s language. |
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| 85:49 | . I think that's very good. think that's good enough. You |
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| 85:53 | if you have 100 scores, you to 9 to 5 scores already. |
|
| 85:57 | , and, uh, and the, the, the reason here |
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| 86:00 | that this for the conventional, you to, you need to also |
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| 86:05 | count for the side. You, you add that one there and |
|
| 86:10 | then you reach a 90 edge And for the for the unconventional, |
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| 86:16 | know, it's the, you, say the source rock is actually if |
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| 86:20 | use a self source reservoir, that's good at self source. The I |
|
| 86:27 | that. I think that Oh Yeah. Yeah. So, and |
|
| 86:36 | yeah, let, let us pass slide and this is the, this |
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| 86:41 | the how the, the mass balance what we're talking talking about. So |
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| 86:45 | called the efficiency of petroleum generation migration and the is uh many, many |
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| 86:55 | ones there. But what should we to let the, let us to |
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| 87:00 | through this, this, this the detail. OK. We |
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| 87:06 | we have, they have the organ they have two factors want to characterize |
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| 87:15 | organ or two main main factors. uh lastly, can you tell me |
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| 87:24 | the two important factors? We want characterize our source rock and organ. |
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| 87:31 | , what they are concert concert. get my country, country actually, |
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| 87:41 | another one. Let's uh yeah, we evaluate the talk about, we |
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| 88:00 | at the abundance of organ ma and related to generation. We, we |
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| 88:07 | a very important statement that we talk . We talk about the as a |
|
| 88:16 | , there's two things. Keep in that is when we talk about that |
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| 88:25 | of organ and the the high carbon potential because other other carbon temperature potential |
|
| 88:35 | reach many, many things. And can you tell me the other |
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| 88:43 | ? What is the key fact fact only affect our? Yeah. |
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| 89:16 | Yeah, that's important. I think can be there. That's, that's |
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| 89:26 | good if you can, you because I, I little admire about |
|
| 89:31 | , our carbon generation potential after our on the, you, you |
|
| 89:37 | you don't really, really, really much about why the travel. |
|
| 89:46 | I clearly understand that in my I believe a lot of kind of |
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| 89:58 | tax on the kind of very so much that together and the |
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| 90:26 | that's good. How about you? three terms there. I think it's |
|
| 90:31 | good, very good. That actually a wonderful, wonderful, wonderful. |
|
| 90:36 | , I'm happy you get there and get there. They have that and |
|
| 90:44 | we want to see that they have which is uh give, give that |
|
| 90:55 | the plus two. Now you see in the, now we talk about |
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| 91:03 | S two, you, you, will have a, that kind of |
|
| 91:07 | rocker paralysis, the diagram in your . Yeah, that the, |
|
| 91:14 | that the, those are the convertible also those, those will be not |
|
| 91:21 | the cell contains a lot of them come, which is not, not |
|
| 91:33 | , not a, producing any other and gas we call them in or |
|
| 91:44 | that, don't do that. So portion do not play a role for |
|
| 91:48 | whole equation. But those things is if you push the equation here, |
|
| 91:54 | might equation. We have juice, have juicy like a pole or getting |
|
| 92:04 | , it's actually now is the Q equals two, the portion of |
|
| 92:14 | the large oil gas. And that two portion that's for our organic |
|
| 92:27 | for the organic man. We, do the two, listen to |
|
| 92:31 | listen to me one more time. O C. What is T O |
|
| 92:37 | total organic? But you can't, get my. So this organic content |
|
| 92:46 | based on that that's on the And now and uh because we want |
|
| 93:00 | be going to run the and uh the convertible portion, it really depends |
|
| 93:09 | your summer that even that I don't inside when we can watch them |
|
| 93:20 | we can watch that. And then given some choice. If not, |
|
| 93:33 | can come to oil and gas. only one which is uh which my |
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| 93:51 | that or the heavy cheap plans, is another another separation here. If |
|
| 94:05 | go on the Yeah, you see and then they, this thing for |
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| 94:15 | given symmetric stage and QC equal to . And then how much that, |
|
| 94:29 | , what should that or getting back the port, some of the spell |
|
| 94:37 | called called the oil and gas, is retained in our source, is |
|
| 94:48 | in our and also some portion of is actually retained in the carrier |
|
| 94:56 | which is we described before is we oil rich expelled and the along the |
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| 95:05 | then charged into the carrier base and carrier bats have pro you and uh |
|
| 95:14 | a space and you could use the oil in it would be by the |
|
| 95:22 | . Now you have to replace some of water in order to, in |
|
| 95:26 | to further mark which and uh uh on the policy, those kind of |
|
| 95:34 | to that go to your trap. . So some portion of them will |
|
| 95:40 | the in the, it's the, before the, the, the, |
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| 95:46 | the the the time of the will to China and then we have a |
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| 95:51 | actually go to China, no doubt are the, those are we run |
|
| 96:01 | , we want to, we, only see a small, small part |
|
| 96:07 | the carbon on this side that big then all these that is the violence |
|
| 96:18 | the efficiency of the, the talk this and uh that uh and also |
|
| 96:27 | know that people go to, they have some bypass support their, |
|
| 96:33 | the structures and those oil can go the and spilled or is so in |
|
| 96:44 | country this because it was, it not bad. But eventually you see |
|
| 96:50 | if you want to understand the if you want to understand this is |
|
| 96:56 | big a of that you, you back forth, back for to this |
|
| 97:06 | . And uh let me see, is a carbon transport, transport efficiency |
|
| 97:14 | about 25% to 35% average is about . So that's a this is that |
|
| 97:26 | only about the 5 to 30% 35% the convert the to the OK. |
|
| 97:36 | not. And uh I can see you see here is the organic |
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| 97:42 | in fact is about about 2%. that's uh from there to here. |
|
| 97:54 | you see the, see the how this complicated process, it's uh |
|
| 98:04 | the calculation of assumption will be You need to understand the various of |
|
| 98:10 | processes until you reach the, reach reach the estimate of the volume in |
|
| 98:26 | , I think that's the and then empirical model of the hydrocarbon supply and |
|
| 98:35 | volume as mentioned, and there's two and the the for the empirical |
|
| 98:45 | And I said, well, how volume is like like fact, in |
|
| 98:52 | to answer this question, you consider many, many of this fact, |
|
| 98:58 | distribution area simpleness of a generation, is the, which is reach to |
|
| 99:07 | yeah and uh OK, the enrichment the which is uh affect the generation |
|
| 99:20 | hydro carbon and the screen of current . Awesome. This is the, |
|
| 99:29 | is the and uh another important thing having of and, and the distribution |
|
| 99:42 | I think of a car on the and the book has a matter |
|
| 99:51 | So those are the things, those things is actually actually actually what |
|
| 99:56 | what we, at the beginning, talked about the five geological elements and |
|
| 100:03 | geological processes for the petroleum system. everything, everything in order to build |
|
| 100:12 | kind of uh uh I and uh volume of carbon are available for the |
|
| 100:23 | then we do those, those things the answer that you want to answer |
|
| 100:28 | question, we need to really consider , what, what this and then |
|
| 100:34 | have a family some out about the estimate of the volume of the |
|
| 100:44 | the trap and the hydrocarbon supply which is the organic, that is |
|
| 100:53 | organic carbon based equation. It's what based on the organic carbon that's based |
|
| 101:00 | our previous uh no conversion or battery , all this end of the |
|
| 101:12 | And uh so let's say that this is a, just a |
|
| 101:18 | OK. OK. Available for the to based on the organ of carbon |
|
| 101:31 | thought area and start to and some and I'm efficiency factors and oil production |
|
| 101:45 | oil computations. Everything here is all true, watch our evaluation. So |
|
| 101:57 | , that's why let's say that, know, you said, you |
|
| 102:00 | when we do the evaluation, we to see the QC and the generation |
|
| 102:08 | is registered to us so much with conversion and uh also the to |
|
| 102:20 | so that's uh that is how, the, when we do the to |
|
| 102:25 | evaluation and that two very important factors are looking at and uh and see |
|
| 102:45 | oil in place providing adequate reservoir. this and uh so that's uh so |
|
| 102:55 | in pest in the is actually if uh you know, if, if |
|
| 103:02 | really adequate traps and the traps and distance and then this oil helps a |
|
| 103:15 | to, to make an estimation. uh previous is say, OK, |
|
| 103:23 | based on the carbon organic carbon based as a concept to OK. And |
|
| 103:33 | if we pass the carbon supply based the plus you do that, that |
|
| 103:46 | actually the available for the equal to on the 15 class competition, still |
|
| 103:57 | see that area density, the maturation actually very similar to the, the |
|
| 104:11 | carbon based. And the plus this method to the to the con |
|
| 104:21 | method. It's a consideration of the is very simple, the protection. |
|
| 104:29 | the difference in the value is based a carbon based on that, that |
|
| 104:35 | 15 plus which you can see that difference you can see the two differences |
|
| 104:41 | that once you go to the C plus, which is uh which is |
|
| 104:45 | oil gap, which is oil and we move it from the carbon to |
|
| 104:50 | oil. And then this is the material balance in order to do |
|
| 105:01 | they have a typical input like two and 3D modeling. And uh and |
|
| 105:15 | and uh the process of statements and symmetry and the second and half of |
|
| 105:25 | is the, this input for the model. And uh then we see |
|
| 105:31 | we could look at what is our . This, this is very |
|
| 105:36 | very important slides. You, you, you may be the, |
|
| 105:41 | , you may need to know that , when we run the best |
|
| 105:45 | run the best modem, what's the parameters or, or the concern, |
|
| 105:54 | is the art which comes out. first thing is the corporation distribution. |
|
| 106:00 | they can give us a distribution that think about that, think about |
|
| 106:07 | the, the, the which we there is we see the pro versus |
|
| 106:16 | and the generation was a oppression and generation different stages of generation corresponding to |
|
| 106:25 | pressure. Think of that, that you will see that why the pressure |
|
| 106:31 | important because this is that this will determined that determine that you, if |
|
| 106:36 | have a higher blood pressure and the production will be high, that's the |
|
| 106:43 | and the second one is the surface because everything here, geological geological elements |
|
| 106:57 | uh Thompson transfer to the articles be , we want to be careful to |
|
| 107:08 | that is that they can get that then they can tell the physical process |
|
| 107:14 | study. And uh also calculate some which is uh which, which, |
|
| 107:23 | , which is r to the, to the, the density, the |
|
| 107:28 | and all those kind of things. uh also that one and the maturity |
|
| 107:39 | and you see that one very important then once you get, once you |
|
| 107:50 | here, you get that, how are? Yeah. Yeah, there's |
|
| 108:15 | reflection of data is very often for company but it, it's very, |
|
| 108:21 | very typical. Uh They, they , they will get from the either |
|
| 108:28 | are in house or they, they the management by themselves or they can |
|
| 108:36 | it to the lab in particular, commercial lab. This is a |
|
| 108:43 | very important data and uh for the collaboration and uh also the, |
|
| 108:55 | , and that also very best, probably the hardest one. Mhm |
|
| 109:51 | They don't, I'm sure they use themselves, the neighborhood partner. Uh |
|
| 110:00 | don't like that type of but they do like small company as well. |
|
| 110:09 | company, not this kind of the size of 5000 people. So you |
|
| 110:24 | , you can check the and all . Oh they put it from the |
|
| 110:38 | time at that time that, that's they do when they have higher and |
|
| 110:48 | also have, what, what is ? Ok. Yeah, that |
|
| 111:01 | I, it seems crazy now or , I worked in the, I |
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| 111:15 | in the research. Ok. And back to, back to the |
|
| 111:27 | , sorry. 9250. I, know, I was here in China |
|
| 111:38 | I US to here, I think , that and, uh, they |
|
| 111:57 | a, my, I mean, , you should have, you should |
|
| 112:05 | taken and uh somehow I didn't do the and because I looking for something |
|
| 112:18 | . And so after that, I that how important is more than you |
|
| 112:26 | because you have to have and also have, they have, they |
|
| 112:37 | I work in this area for I work in the area for almost |
|
| 112:42 | years I have and it just because do not have that do not have |
|
| 112:56 | you don't know about that just, then you use the results you, |
|
| 113:06 | you do not really do this kind require quite a lot of input, |
|
| 113:11 | see that here, if you look the have some history, you need |
|
| 113:19 | make a large part of the, depth, the bar depth that model |
|
| 113:28 | you need to calibrate that model with , if you do not have |
|
| 113:33 | you cannot really with that model and you cannot really check about your history |
|
| 113:39 | that and then you need to input the physical process of all the |
|
| 113:49 | all kind of things, you need kind of data to input it. |
|
| 113:54 | uh you need to, to have best data through the time, the |
|
| 114:00 | symmetry may be changed. So you , you need to have that |
|
| 114:04 | you know, you need to, course, you need to one and |
|
| 114:09 | we need to the in order to order to build the build the the |
|
| 114:17 | model. So if you look at here, if you do not have |
|
| 114:20 | kind of data, no way you , you can make this happen. |
|
| 114:24 | , without data, you can, can, you can come of |
|
| 114:30 | So that's that the, if the, the, the I I |
|
| 114:35 | believe, I do believe that if , if the group, if you |
|
| 114:40 | to research group or the they do research for many years by or even |
|
| 114:48 | , they do have, they do data to allow you to use |
|
| 114:52 | They have existing database and then you use that data database to do this |
|
| 114:58 | of. So that is that, is what you know, but to |
|
| 115:05 | that we need to really have input and then you have, then you |
|
| 115:18 | good question about this. So what the goal of this father, his |
|
| 115:27 | ? You just want to know the of basketball, you know, our |
|
| 115:35 | goal is that you treat that you that, that let me, let |
|
| 115:40 | bring this, this figures again back . OK. You want to know |
|
| 115:45 | how much oil can attract and because I'm, I'm a geophysics. |
|
| 115:56 | from a geophysics, so we will use the, use the size |
|
| 116:05 | 3D models and from the and determine size of the board. So regardless |
|
| 116:15 | the side area size in the. why do we need to evaluate |
|
| 116:21 | It's OK. Why don't you, me, let me of the things |
|
| 116:32 | are thinking about, we think about integration, integration of the different uh |
|
| 116:39 | differences, geology, geochemistry and and the first thing, let |
|
| 116:46 | let me talk about this and, , and all things like to talk |
|
| 116:52 | Children. The advantage is of each . So suppose we have, suppose |
|
| 117:00 | have a property. OK? And for the two pieces, what |
|
| 117:10 | you, you, you, you with this trap shapes all this |
|
| 117:15 | everything, the burial but other things don't know, other things, don't |
|
| 117:23 | really don't know at this, it's really have oil there or not. |
|
| 117:31 | have not clearly direct evidence like maybe this technology and uh because you, |
|
| 117:39 | jump is really based on the doesn't if you have a, you |
|
| 117:47 | it's uh if you have a really big reservoir, a big fields and |
|
| 117:53 | you can maybe you can identify some of uh the differences on this track |
|
| 118:00 | oil field versus at that time, not have oil field. So you |
|
| 118:06 | to make a comparison for that. at least, at least you do |
|
| 118:11 | have direct evidence. That is what want to talk here. You do |
|
| 118:15 | have direct evidence, evaluate this trap on your and that is the field |
|
| 118:23 | not, you do not have direct for the geologist, for the |
|
| 118:29 | And you understand, you understand that uh for me the age, geological |
|
| 118:37 | , what time, what time Because uh because you the the for |
|
| 118:44 | , the only things you look at , this is not really dynamic. |
|
| 118:50 | look at how it looks like. ? Actually, and the geologist use |
|
| 118:59 | , you put a time line, ? This trap, this trap for |
|
| 119:03 | formula. So that that is uh is uh which you can make that |
|
| 119:13 | of statement for sure. We run detailed analysis and then the, the |
|
| 119:21 | geologist still still have no idea this filled with oil or not. You |
|
| 119:27 | do not really have that and camp Canada. OK? And I combined |
|
| 119:36 | your information, you have a trap formation, you have an age, |
|
| 119:41 | kinds of things and then you do very detailed that kind of the |
|
| 119:48 | And I said, OK, when oil gene reach and when the how |
|
| 119:53 | oil can be expelled out and into river, what time does explosion? |
|
| 120:02 | . And then with that, we do this geo geology and geophysics |
|
| 120:08 | combined the of the oil generation explosion charging those kind of information there. |
|
| 120:15 | then you have better, you I just said you have a |
|
| 120:19 | much better understanding of this kind was time which one has a more likely |
|
| 120:29 | you. So you can significantly reduce risk to do the to the, |
|
| 120:36 | the drive home before that, that what that is my understand. That's |
|
| 120:43 | thing. I don't want to, don't want to emphasize too much about |
|
| 120:46 | technology's uh advantages. But this real situation, you combine those 333 |
|
| 120:58 | , you have much better understanding of probability of oil charge in. So |
|
| 121:06 | other words, that is at the , the first class, you know |
|
| 121:10 | we do I care because that's your provider, more evidence to reduce the |
|
| 121:24 | you in the bathroom. That's a , that's the whole purpose. Uh |
|
| 121:29 | is the, this is the, is the petro petro industry and the |
|
| 121:36 | , the whole idea of the market reduce the risk, reduce the |
|
| 121:43 | And then each, each, you , each system sis and we, |
|
| 121:48 | developed various different and to which we talking, what should we have now |
|
| 121:58 | geologist re seals and, and for and a better so and products and |
|
| 122:11 | geophysics and they develop a method is better than the and the for migration |
|
| 122:24 | . So that, that is the purpose. I think that's run, |
|
| 122:28 | this kind of uh we run this of uh uh system. You, |
|
| 122:34 | you run the system that you, , you already see that it's actually |
|
| 122:40 | almost every, including almost everything. good thing is we do have a |
|
| 122:49 | based on the theory, that's the theory and everything here. Sorry, |
|
| 123:01 | try to, to, to eventually the, how much, how high |
|
| 123:08 | can or you can charge the because see that this kind of here, |
|
| 123:16 | . If, if those ones, are in the car, if those |
|
| 123:22 | is really big and then you still very small portion to go to everything |
|
| 123:28 | all good. Red light is red light is wonderful and have a |
|
| 123:33 | high quality. But you do not have very good effective traps. Most |
|
| 123:43 | the most of the oil is actually in the carrier base and then the |
|
| 123:49 | portion, very small portion for you even you have very good even you |
|
| 123:55 | very big giant sea, everything is . But if you have a very |
|
| 124:01 | portion of the available, that is the I think that the important. |
|
| 124:13 | . Yes. Uh the source, technical sickness and the area is for |
|
| 124:32 | Geophysics, the Geophysics team, it's Geophysics time. They, they use |
|
| 124:38 | and uh they can that, that is based on the reflection reflection and |
|
| 124:45 | surface and then they can clearly clearly the how the current current current formation |
|
| 124:53 | looks like. In particular. You , you, you can break it |
|
| 124:57 | , break it down to different formations uh combined with logging if you have |
|
| 125:04 | and they have very logging and then things match each other. If |
|
| 125:10 | you can record, recording some review the catching and recording the depth |
|
| 125:16 | those kind of things and, and the geophysics and they have assessment that |
|
| 125:22 | of the reflection surface and combine Calibri should calibrate is and then define which |
|
| 125:32 | fraction surface we present to the which yes, they, they |
|
| 125:42 | Yeah. And I guess I think don't have to have to play with |
|
| 125:53 | , but it seems like it would very risky to not just based |
|
| 126:01 | So for the uncommercial system for un , what should we talk about to |
|
| 126:07 | , let say that generational migration those are the for the conventional system |
|
| 126:14 | the petroleum system analysis. Yeah, still doesn't have. So I |
|
| 126:22 | it still vibrating for the unconventional system call the cell source system. |
|
| 126:30 | self source system. That means that still need to understand the, the |
|
| 126:38 | , the reason why we want to generation because that we needed to understand |
|
| 126:45 | the, yeah, the and how oil has been generated and how much |
|
| 126:53 | remains as a. So, so that it's a very, very important |
|
| 127:00 | to consider for the UN actually, actually because here, but if you |
|
| 127:07 | the lower a very small portion of oil generated and converge and then |
|
| 127:14 | that area definitely not good for your so that you still need to evaluate |
|
| 127:22 | and also bring a here and uh much those oil can be retained and |
|
| 127:30 | gas can be retained in your formation we call the oil and gas situation |
|
| 127:39 | your UN. That's the oil and gas situation in the uncommercial reservation. |
|
| 127:45 | the most important number in each That's what I did that a lot |
|
| 127:52 | work, research, work on. need to know that you need to |
|
| 127:56 | is uh we, we call the and you need to know that that |
|
| 128:01 | this retain the oil and gas, much oil you can really to recover |
|
| 128:11 | what is the key controls to that resources? And that is you evaluate |
|
| 128:18 | one, this one and we do really evaluate too much about this |
|
| 128:24 | right. Yeah, you don't need , to evaluate this too much about |
|
| 128:27 | push. But once you really focus here, this will be divided into |
|
| 128:34 | lot of things. And the first is that that's uh you have a |
|
| 128:40 | oil and gas, what field you higher pro of your source racks, |
|
| 128:48 | will have a higher retention gap because need to have flu stored there. |
|
| 128:56 | uh that is 111 factor. The factor, second, very important factor |
|
| 129:02 | uh I I I I explained to before and they had all fraction. |
|
| 129:10 | is a very, very key technology all the tube, in all the |
|
| 129:16 | . Uh Listen, I the oil the gas from the self source, |
|
| 129:23 | source actually include relevance. You need create the fractions, you need to |
|
| 129:29 | the horizontals. And then two factors your common, very, very importantly |
|
| 129:34 | , which is that we, we that this this horizon change a lot |
|
| 129:43 | in the ship in the, in and then later they also will be |
|
| 129:49 | . So you, you need to a prediction is how you this already |
|
| 129:54 | change, which is geology, which geology is the place that come |
|
| 130:02 | And uh those are those the evaluation that we, we call that we |
|
| 130:07 | the shell. He appropriate, you that because that will become irrelevant. |
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| 130:16 | put your there, you cost you . Yeah. And uh the, |
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| 130:21 | , the, the place which we is called a sweet sweet spot location |
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| 130:29 | your landing. You hold another important because we also need to have a |
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| 130:37 | fractions the fracture to this. Or you have a miner to the carbonate |
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| 130:45 | reach the minerals and acidic can reach minerals and then your flex will be |
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| 130:52 | to have a higher chance to develop factories, propagation. So you need |
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| 130:59 | read it this portion, we want develop this portion that actually is kind |
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| 131:06 | the very important things you need to . It's not go to that's |
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| 131:16 | But that because this class and we do not really uh that is the |
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| 131:22 | the new knowledge about uncommon is not including in the, in the, |
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| 131:30 | I that that that's what, what what I feel on that we should |
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| 131:36 | the, improve the significantly in the for this kind of class because that |
|
| 131:43 | how that in the future in the . And uh in particular, I |
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| 131:48 | you the history of the production of production in the United States and in |
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| 131:54 | future, maybe in the future, the 15, 20 years, the |
|
| 131:59 | ener fossil energy, the volume it's mainly come from as per basin |
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| 132:10 | other other places. And uh those , those kind of conventional conventional systems |
|
| 132:17 | will play a role that you can that. And the, the the |
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| 132:24 | the conventional system, conventional system, you really find the great change, |
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| 132:33 | and gas development and that you, don't need to do too much else |
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| 132:40 | this, this trap, the the red is have a relatively high |
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| 132:46 | high. So the bell to be is much better. It's very, |
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| 132:54 | kilometers away or even a few kilometers the, you can feel that too |
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| 133:03 | develop, develop this kind of. uh what I told you for the |
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| 133:09 | resource development, I told you before uh in a in a eagle ball |
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| 133:14 | play and they already the 25,000. , that's huge, right? So |
|
| 133:24 | is the, that is how the the big difference and uh just uh |
|
| 133:29 | , just, just uh I, , I think it was the one |
|
| 133:34 | the shortage of this course is the design. I provided some, some |
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| 133:40 | based on my experience, but I not really include them. Let's if |
|
| 133:45 | include those, those information, I to replace the most of the most |
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| 133:50 | the un conventional materials in order to our time five minutes. But the |
|
| 133:58 | things in it, good things if ask me, I, I definitely |
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| 134:02 | , can explain more and uh you know, if you look at |
|
| 134:07 | box and uh for me, for , I think it will be for |
|
| 134:15 | unconventional, this is the uncommitted resources then you need to evaluate the unconventional |
|
| 134:21 | based on them things in the fun , oil and gas countries. |
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| 134:29 | oil gas actually important. That's a . Yeah, that's a material. |
|
| 134:36 | the second thing second issues is about heterogenic geology. And uh another thing |
|
| 134:43 | about, am I wrong? You to it? Yeah, is not |
|
| 135:01 | . Correct. You know, that's right. Look at this, look |
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| 135:08 | this, this uh but I think , we have a better advantage. |
|
| 135:13 | think it's, we have a, have a, you might have to |
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| 135:23 | uh and then they have also activated oil generation oil partially expelled out, |
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| 135:33 | is the, yeah, and the bed once get into the carrier and |
|
| 135:40 | bo bo bo, you play a role for the oil for the |
|
| 135:49 | You know, because the density of oil is much lower than the |
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| 135:58 | So the oil, the oil, the oil still play a role. |
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| 136:02 | into, into car, the car eventually, eventually the oil will reach |
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| 136:09 | the carrier base and into traps once get interested into carbon, so that |
|
| 136:17 | source of the oil can be same the commission rather. So that's |
|
| 136:27 | if you look at the conventional unconventional , like we have a, we |
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| 136:38 | 22 in the best part, the used to be called the, called |
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| 136:45 | , called the, the center. is a to the, which is |
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| 136:52 | platform. So that's the oil just from the and charge it into the |
|
| 136:59 | platform, which was a conventional, was the, the conventional areas. |
|
| 137:06 | the, the, the, the build a lot of and still still |
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| 137:10 | the in the convention and the, know, and then go to the |
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| 137:18 | , get in the best, then them through the, the sauce rocks |
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| 137:24 | the deal. Also, you know I I state that the sauce rock |
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| 137:29 | , sauce rock itself is not, the all the rich. It's |
|
| 137:36 | they do have uh the because of , because of the sedimentary rich |
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| 137:42 | they do have an organic rich shell the sometimes in the bed, it |
|
| 137:48 | a very, very uh the and sun. So oil generation from |
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| 137:56 | from the, the, the very to the, the. So when |
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| 138:07 | put the bell, they put into and the and then fracture from that |
|
| 138:20 | , that state of the include including rich and the organic oh and uh |
|
| 138:33 | also, you know, we talk the about we have a, we |
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| 138:39 | a here and uh we to get the window and that's why we, |
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| 138:47 | show the so OK in the oil , you see that you know that |
|
| 138:54 | , pressure because of the oil inside the pressure of the increase significantly and |
|
| 139:05 | even can reach to the level can that over this stage. And that |
|
| 139:13 | in micro once they have that and you have a very, a very |
|
| 139:23 | the and and is a very short on chat. And uh because the |
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| 139:34 | is very low, very one of and uh the people that you cannot |
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| 139:45 | form the based on the, based the, the voice to form, |
|
| 139:53 | the gas, oil and the This kind of the ground separation, |
|
| 139:59 | need to overcome the very big you cannot really do that. In |
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| 140:05 | to do that, you have very , very long to the oil and |
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| 140:11 | colum and to overcome the instead, what they do is become pressure is |
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| 140:19 | high. And then this system, system and you do have uh some |
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| 140:25 | connectivity. So if you had a , additional flu injected into your |
|
| 140:33 | you can squeeze the art to watch then there's the, the oil, |
|
| 140:42 | oil gas and it into very which the order. And the result is |
|
| 140:56 | you have a gas there. And of the gas, we are |
|
| 141:02 | it's actually from the water in the gasses. That is how the central |
|
| 141:10 | base uh gas accumulation performs. It still, still come up the same |
|
| 141:18 | and we are talking about the same . And uh so this is |
|
| 141:27 | this is the how the conventional conventional is at the beginning of people have |
|
| 141:34 | , have a in particular, some some uh some, some geologists, |
|
| 141:40 | , they do not really get to , get to the, do the |
|
| 141:45 | of conventional and, but you can very easy because that's, let's |
|
| 141:49 | OK, the oil, the is from the here is the 3000. |
|
| 142:01 | , it's actually or generated in the . This concept for the campus is |
|
| 142:09 | easy to, to get to but , not all the geologist they |
|
| 142:15 | So that's that's why that, that's very, very good question. But |
|
| 142:20 | you have a, if you have sauce, you will. So, |
|
| 142:24 | you will definitely have a associate that the reservoir and uncommercial and the, |
|
| 142:35 | , the, for the, for same, they have the, |
|
| 142:39 | the, the E food itself is become, is our shale oil |
|
| 142:47 | And they also have a chalk, chalk, which is the low two |
|
| 142:51 | and develop some and, and the from the E and the a lot |
|
| 143:00 | the awesome that's, that's the, the initially in the back to 19 |
|
| 143:07 | . And uh they start to produce oil from a, they still produce |
|
| 143:12 | oil from now. That's from the low, the main, |
|
| 143:21 | the, the just the difference, main difference is because uh because oil |
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| 143:28 | in the here, we do not a build the technology to recover it |
|
| 143:36 | the 4008. And uh that's hove treating bells and hydraulic fraction. It's |
|
| 143:47 | technology and uh applied to here and that make, make, make, |
|
| 143:56 | change the oil and the gas can recovered economic data. Yeah, that's |
|
| 144:03 | very good, very, very good . I I just to let you |
|
| 144:07 | that and it's when you realize that , from here, from here we |
|
| 144:13 | take, you don't need to do to this detail directions you don't need |
|
| 144:17 | go down that the, the timing kinds of things. We don't need |
|
| 144:22 | care about that kind of very detailed . We doesn't need to evaluate, |
|
| 144:27 | this notion. You don't need to . I'm happy, I'm happy you |
|
| 144:40 | reach the questions. That's, that good. That's really good. I |
|
| 144:44 | feel some, you, you accept already, you accept some concept in |
|
| 144:49 | mind about the, about the petroleum , about the rock and that's the |
|
| 144:56 | good, this is the whole whole purpose. We, you know |
|
| 144:59 | uh we we try to deliver this to you and you, you, |
|
| 145:06 | see it's OK. That is, know, they those guys, they |
|
| 145:09 | this kind of things and uh and is not this, you know, |
|
| 145:15 | is scientifically scientifically based on the the good this graph is a very wonderful |
|
| 145:22 | on the concept to actually give us true understand of things. OK? |
|
| 145:41 | think we could be see that we have an input and then it still |
|
| 145:48 | this useful. This is very useful the that OK. And the hydrocarbon |
|
| 145:57 | and the those things were very, important, very, very important to |
|
| 146:03 | to understand the oil quality in the relatives uncontrollable and uh and calculate that |
|
| 146:16 | that the temperature distribution in the source the current conditions. That is also |
|
| 146:24 | important to to for the engineer to , design, design some engineering to |
|
| 146:31 | approach because that's related to the And uh what else is that |
|
| 146:40 | those could be related to the the to our traction uh Dubai and the |
|
| 146:49 | of course, is very important. still the the for the unconventional, |
|
| 146:55 | a higher, higher pressure. It relate to the our barrier depth, |
|
| 147:01 | barrier depth deeper and then same kind resources, same kind of oil |
|
| 147:08 | If you very deep, very deeper be depth deeper. Your pressure, |
|
| 147:14 | , your pressure is much higher than shallow ones like uh like Eagle |
|
| 147:21 | We we look at the, look the, the look, look at |
|
| 147:24 | place called the that area and the barrier depth most in the lower Eagle |
|
| 147:31 | is greater than 12,000 ft. Pressure high. But at the normally high |
|
| 147:38 | , which that's because the pressure is in the current condition, you drill |
|
| 147:45 | and the generator fractures and uh you that produces and you, you return |
|
| 147:52 | and uh go to the best side the, the the base net because |
|
| 147:58 | is about 6006 or at least 6000 . And the result in the current |
|
| 148:07 | depth. It's uh in the range that 7000 and uh 7000, uh |
|
| 148:14 | , you can, you know your cost is low but raise another issue |
|
| 148:20 | the space. We we have oil the gas, we have oil and |
|
| 148:25 | gas all reaching the in the And uh but the, when, |
|
| 148:31 | you ask your pressure decreases, you , the you do the formation pressure |
|
| 148:39 | decrease again. And then without in oil and gas, once you have |
|
| 148:46 | your gas phase separation in the you have two phases for you and |
|
| 148:52 | gas after you fraction. And when put the in the production gas, |
|
| 148:59 | is the move is much faster than . So what you get is is |
|
| 149:04 | gas instead of oil, so many oil will be reaching, you |
|
| 149:11 | really produce it. That is why that's why the that's, that's the |
|
| 149:16 | of that is very important. We that we, we, we, |
|
| 149:19 | look at the PV T the pressure temperature and the behavior actually he is |
|
| 149:28 | related to the our conditions. this is all still still useful, |
|
| 149:38 | useful. I just say for the , that's why the, that's why |
|
| 149:42 | unconventional uh resource development. The best is it still use it for |
|
| 149:46 | the for for the to guide the uh resource development. But the directions |
|
| 149:53 | different directions do not really determine the in time or zero time, those |
|
| 149:58 | of things because they self source, know that that the is is the |
|
| 150:05 | good, is good. Yeah. . And uh let us go through |
|
| 150:16 | slide. This is the chemical material um approach we have input in this |
|
| 150:26 | and the type of in this color some models in the middle that so |
|
| 150:35 | one for the person, we don't a section and the best, |
|
| 150:42 | best symmetry so that you, you this comes from the geophysics and all |
|
| 150:50 | of things. And then the back that means the sta sta to fix |
|
| 150:58 | computer of the model. And then is the success? That is |
|
| 151:08 | that's the, so you have best and put this in and then, |
|
| 151:17 | uh the the the the reflection reflection and look at the do the do |
|
| 151:33 | and then you can use the the up and uh I believe that you |
|
| 151:43 | all the things about the our Blockchain of collaboration. OK. And uh |
|
| 151:53 | then further the kind of, and you use the, the model and |
|
| 152:07 | model as a everything to the and you have the temperature and the maturation |
|
| 152:16 | , which is, which is we to have a and then they will |
|
| 152:22 | up to this, this, this go to the, this migration |
|
| 152:31 | That's the people of this generation is what you can see here. So |
|
| 152:38 | that this graphic and the photograph, is one of the factor for regulation |
|
| 152:45 | then come up with the history of flu pressure oil and then those those |
|
| 152:56 | for the model. And then that is the, that is |
|
| 153:09 | the, the the information from oil using the information from position about the |
|
| 153:16 | composition and then the dynamic model and it come after the amount of oil |
|
| 153:29 | best solution allow publish. And uh are the, those are the |
|
| 153:36 | I think a nice uh conceptual model the blue and show show the how |
|
| 153:45 | , how our geochemical uh material balance course, and they use it to |
|
| 153:53 | the input what article and this, think this also, I think it's |
|
| 154:01 | important for, for our class. because uh because we have geo geologist |
|
| 154:08 | geophysics here, then you, you see that you see the |
|
| 154:13 | you see the integration of the, the different elements of the input and |
|
| 154:21 | binary to that. But so I, I like you, you |
|
| 154:28 | , you know, understand this, , the, this, this uh |
|
| 154:33 | , this and uh which, which allow you, which will allow you |
|
| 154:39 | the future in your work is you , not once you focus on the |
|
| 154:44 | article, you know that what what a, what you really talk |
|
| 154:49 | and then you, you think about , OK? If you want to |
|
| 154:53 | the, the and you need to , you need to integrate with geology |
|
| 154:59 | and, and that they have a better explanation of the any chance. |
|
| 155:20 | . I think we, we already this one already and uh if any |
|
| 155:27 | you would and uh the residual show oh show your concept that is, |
|
| 155:38 | is what you focus on. And already explained a lot and what kind |
|
| 155:44 | new things we should care about. uh that's, that's the, the |
|
| 155:51 | and gas content retain them, how we change them. That's very |
|
| 156:00 | And second is about, is about , the, the hetero called the |
|
| 156:11 | naturally. And this, this And uh another important thing is |
|
| 156:18 | which is to and uh the total generation o and migration analysis formed to |
|
| 156:30 | how much of the total generation hydrocarbon in the soft track versus how much |
|
| 156:39 | in conventional and how much is left the basin through the hydrodynamic flushing or |
|
| 156:51 | what what we really, I think , this, this still the relate |
|
| 156:56 | the if you want to make prediction then still applied and then it still |
|
| 157:07 | . OK. This side to the of the results. Those are |
|
| 157:14 | those are the five the points uh go through each of them. And |
|
| 157:20 | first, the best mode or similar there, the best match expel the |
|
| 157:28 | unique mo at number of points in generation. So that means that if |
|
| 157:35 | want to look at this one, need to look at this expel the |
|
| 157:41 | , not only the one point in , you need to look at the |
|
| 157:45 | , several, several press and at point multiply that quality by the on |
|
| 157:56 | uh the mature to each other. that means if you have volume, |
|
| 158:06 | you want to make the volume, the second approach. And third |
|
| 158:12 | calculate the average high carbon per unit for the entire generation area. Then |
|
| 158:22 | you have each point and then you up with the model to, to |
|
| 158:27 | the how much will the entire multiply the port by the area of the |
|
| 158:39 | area to calculate the total and multiply total hydrocarbon failed by an appropriate transfer |
|
| 158:51 | factor to estimate hydrocarbon available for So this is a transfer efficiency factor |
|
| 158:59 | actually to the the the oils retained the current. So I think this |
|
| 159:08 | that you don't need to remember it definitely not required for this. |
|
| 159:14 | you know that you know that how that numbers come from. |
|
| 159:20 | this is the what this show and is gene generation, gene, the |
|
| 159:27 | the area, the definition and you the map and also close, close |
|
| 159:34 | and you get some ideas and uh this is so, so analysis and |
|
| 159:42 | protocol and uh we have a and know, you can get the and |
|
| 159:54 | , and we have and the large also also do the measurement of the |
|
| 160:06 | which is the epsilon. And then you have rats and uh we know |
|
| 160:16 | , that's the O C and another is the potential that a potential because |
|
| 160:29 | , and, and some and then the, the, the the material |
|
| 160:42 | those ones and those things and, a and uh further look at the |
|
| 161:02 | detailed. So those are, those the all the geochemical analysis can |
|
| 161:09 | can be. So if you have sample, all samples of large |
|
| 161:21 | And uh yeah, we, we this line back again. So four |
|
| 161:27 | characteristics, if we look at our and uh how we can get that |
|
| 161:34 | get that method. OK. It's time for me to test. |
|
| 161:39 | We, we want to look at organic enrichment and uh it will matter |
|
| 161:44 | I didn't have content. So what equipment we use it for uh for |
|
| 161:54 | organic content analysis. Uh uh So , you could choose the they |
|
| 161:59 | the carbon software analyze it. And the higher carbon generation potential is |
|
| 162:07 | yield. What uh what is the that you use? What is equipment |
|
| 162:11 | use? What method you use our ? Yeah. Uh You, you |
|
| 162:20 | , you do remember? Yeah. that that we look at the |
|
| 162:30 | Yeah. Yeah. And uh and you, we look at the product |
|
| 162:36 | which is the oil and gas associated the character, morphology and elemental |
|
| 162:41 | So when we look at the character , what what uh what method we |
|
| 162:46 | use using morphology? Yeah, which is a organic pet graphic. |
|
| 162:57 | , that's great. And then when look at the elemental composition, what |
|
| 163:01 | what, what method that we are ? Elemental composition of character? What |
|
| 163:14 | the elemental con the composition of a ? The keto. Yeah. Chemical |
|
| 163:23 | . What? No chemical, chemical analysis? Yeah. Of the |
|
| 163:33 | Yeah. So that's the actually we at the elemental composition which is |
|
| 163:38 | including which, which elements? Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Carbon |
|
| 163:53 | oxygen. Yeah. So for that's great. You see that and |
|
| 164:00 | with the everything, what we use is that you, you almost, |
|
| 164:05 | almost know that. OK? And , then you look at the C |
|
| 164:11 | plus the carbon number. Then the 15, they don't have the average |
|
| 164:17 | and uh they use the fraction as . And then they ask is when |
|
| 164:26 | use the and uh to be called we we from source racks, you |
|
| 164:35 | , they have still retained the hydrocarbons we use a solvent to extra |
|
| 164:41 | what that what we call general we to call them so much extracts sol |
|
| 164:54 | . So we know that on the , the Q O C is composed |
|
| 164:59 | the soluble hydrocarbons and uns soluble insoluble . Insoluble hydrocarbon gave a name to |
|
| 165:10 | insoluble s insoluble organic matter. We it gave a name called no, |
|
| 165:22 | vitamin is soluble and insoluble insoluble organic . What's what's name we get |
|
| 165:32 | Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, that's . We talk about the Carro. |
|
| 165:35 | is insoluble in the. So that's a character. Great. Great |
|
| 165:43 | . That's why the, that's why , you know, so extract so |
|
| 165:50 | means that we can use so OK. I will come in |
|
| 166:00 | We try to look at the higher composition that from produce oil and from |
|
| 166:08 | what uh what is the method What is the equivalent method we |
|
| 166:19 | Please speak. I, you I spent uh I spent some time |
|
| 166:23 | morning to look at that. What ? Uh-huh and uh what method that |
|
| 166:31 | use to, to characterize the mix , the components of the oil? |
|
| 166:42 | , yes. Yeah. Yeah. , I guess chromatograph. Yeah, |
|
| 166:45 | the, that is the, you , that that's what I told you |
|
| 166:50 | this is a very, very very important uh tools which is the |
|
| 166:56 | chromatograph for the oil calculation. So see see the gas. So now |
|
| 167:07 | think that now when you look at , this one, this, I |
|
| 167:12 | that you have a very good, good understanding and uh uh for |
|
| 167:19 | you know, if you look at attribute and uh what kind of method |
|
| 167:25 | will use it. And uh except what I the the here uh I |
|
| 167:34 | believe you have a much better, knowledge in your mind about each of |
|
| 167:41 | method. Yeah. So I, don't think this is one of the |
|
| 167:51 | I definitely want you to review And uh so this is a very |
|
| 167:57 | summary, summarize the slides and uh bring all our knowledge, previous knowledge |
|
| 168:06 | , it's a very good, good . And OK, so the the |
|
| 168:14 | is the paralysis and uh we have peaks and uh also oxygen index, |
|
| 168:21 | index. And uh this is the paralysis and this is for the evaluation |
|
| 168:29 | chart. So you have a data compilation and including you know this and |
|
| 168:39 | the the need is some and this his generation average, you know those |
|
| 168:49 | then each for the four and we uh the area of and and also |
|
| 169:02 | the both and other controls. That what, what can I say you |
|
| 169:09 | want to do that and it's really reliable, really reliable, much |
|
| 169:16 | to control oh pictures of the mail then to understand the from a, |
|
| 169:32 | what I have to say to If you work on your, on |
|
| 169:37 | work on your areas, you will a very good understanding. Do not |
|
| 169:43 | there, do not stop there. you have a good understanding and look |
|
| 169:47 | the animals, look at the other, other researchers, all the |
|
| 169:53 | data, some some data. But is one of the important thing that |
|
| 169:58 | , I also always speak to our in, in the research. I |
|
| 170:05 | to think about that if, if you get some key studies, |
|
| 170:10 | people or research group, maybe they uh for six years to get something |
|
| 170:17 | . Yeah, and published. And worth for our time to spend, |
|
| 170:23 | , we work on six years and up with the series of the |
|
| 170:27 | what our one week of the time read the one week of our time |
|
| 170:33 | learn the knowledge somebody in the six this, this is really, really |
|
| 170:40 | . The same thing, same thing you guys research, you get into |
|
| 170:47 | level of your, your specific studies do not stop them, do not |
|
| 170:54 | them and uh look at the look at the other, look at |
|
| 171:00 | similar to base or in the United or similar to similar world that help |
|
| 171:10 | help you a lot. And then , you know the acid and reduce |
|
| 171:18 | risk and uh to, to the some, some thing you do, |
|
| 171:29 | don't, you, you need to a very good deal of control and |
|
| 171:33 | you have all that's the, that's and then go to your language and |
|
| 171:44 | kind of things. I think it's same or, and uh and |
|
| 171:51 | those things because actually the how you time no matter is come. And |
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| 171:59 | that's the whole purpose, that's the purpose. Uh What have you done |
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| 172:07 | ? Uh What is the purpose, the risk and come up, come |
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| 172:15 | with some very good high quality results guide, guide others. Research, |
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| 172:22 | your company to make, to guide company to design your three emails and |
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| 172:31 | link that is uh I think this also a good summary. And uh |
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| 172:38 | also think this is a good slide for, for you to realize that |
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| 172:45 | we should use it in our system . Yeah, this is the virtually |
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| 172:54 | still the description of the whole what do it. Uh I think the |
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| 173:01 | line is what is OK. That's those are the black samples initially and |
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| 173:25 | , and uh then we can use do the extraction. Yeah, we |
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| 173:30 | so to do the expression we got so extract actually a very common |
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| 173:36 | And they called that oil, which from, from grass. And also |
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| 173:42 | have crude oil, gas, crude , all that crude oil produced from |
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| 173:49 | uh on the ground there run, the, the, the with the |
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| 174:00 | then you get the aroma and the and those fractions we can do the |
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| 174:10 | and quantify the each in each component concentration so that we can see the |
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| 174:21 | , and uh I think that is one of the things OK? One |
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| 174:36 | . Uh Yes. Yes. Let see what time now. Yeah, |
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| 174:40 | , let's just have a hopefully you come back within five minutes. |
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| 174:46 | Yeah, let's I have five minutes . And uh yeah, we, |
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| 174:52 | already know that rocky have three I don't want to repeat those |
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| 174:58 | And uh we are, we discussed few times of this you know, |
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| 175:04 | excess is extractable C 15 plus hydrocarbons in G T M. And Y |
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| 175:12 | is that the one from rock pyrosis this video program is a shows a |
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| 175:18 | good linear correlation. And this is one of the examples on the shows |
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| 175:24 | and how good, how good this relationship looks like. Yeah. And |
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| 175:30 | that tells us is that we uh we use the either or we |
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| 175:36 | correlate to each other and get the the volume of the from the, |
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| 175:43 | one and then converted to the C 5 or from C 50 com 5 |
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| 175:48 | 1. And uh this line just the, shows the estimate to the |
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| 175:54 | 15 hydrocarbons from the two C and the maturity. That means that if |
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| 176:00 | measure the QC content and also we the maturity and then we are able |
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| 176:06 | , we are able to estimate the 15 plushy carbon amount and how we |
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| 176:13 | do that. And this is the generation or to and then they |
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| 176:27 | they have and then, and then we have and transformation and uh look |
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| 176:41 | the one production index is conversion and up the uh the conversion of the |
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| 176:51 | with the, with the, the, the production index and uh |
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| 176:55 | then it still come up this one the, the and uh and then |
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| 177:06 | be you come up and then the one and then you can get |
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| 177:19 | so this is the, that's how measure the, the, the, |
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| 177:25 | , the, and then based on empirical equations and then we can get |
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| 177:34 | estimate of the, and uh this with and the change of the, |
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| 177:43 | index correspond to the different uh half and what you can see that the |
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| 177:53 | index is actually decreasing the increase. the, the initial type is different |
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| 178:04 | each different type of. Uh So are the empirical ones. And uh |
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| 178:10 | then what's the whole thing? And you know, we do this kind |
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| 178:14 | things, you can get the generate the of the QC map, |
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| 178:18 | can generate the map, you can the concentration of potential map, which |
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| 178:23 | the one plus two. And with the, those those we already |
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| 178:28 | compared before, you know, we a different kind of the, the |
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| 178:34 | and that relates to the different stages oil generation. And then we can |
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| 178:39 | up with the transformation map and the the area. And uh also |
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| 179:03 | you know, we once we have map, we can estimate that C |
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| 179:08 | map. And the whole idea is I want to see. So here |
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| 179:14 | on two C, based on the two measurements and also paralysis results, |
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| 179:22 | results, which is, which is is actually that back to our initial |
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| 179:28 | , once we our, we look the of a very much and is |
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| 179:36 | which is uh which, which, is the, the rock paralysis and |
|
| 179:42 | and then based on this to this kind of data and we can |
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| 179:47 | up this map, this is the oil map, how much oil |
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| 179:53 | and you and then come up with the time. That is the, |
|
| 179:57 | is the basic, the basic output uh that, that should be already |
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| 180:08 | this one. And we continue, to look at this one is that |
|
| 180:14 | , we, we already covered this as well. And uh yeah, |
|
| 180:26 | , those are the good uh e efficiency factor. And to the uh |
|
| 180:37 | one, it's a, this is the transformation efficiency of for the from |
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| 180:46 | that's uh it's been uh each different actually for this type of. And |
|
| 180:53 | gave, gave the ideas of how we can determine the, determine |
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| 180:59 | oil in the car associated with the factor. That is how, how |
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| 181:06 | can determine that. And uh those the, if we look at the |
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| 181:12 | transport trans efficient factor and uh typical transactor range from close to 0 to |
|
| 181:23 | . And the high efficiency factors require generation on the factors. As a |
|
| 181:32 | unfavorable conditions can cause a very low factor. That means that, you |
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| 181:38 | , can cause a significant uh uh to the this, this the transfer |
|
| 181:45 | factor determination and the hydrocarbon trans transfer factor and uh about the geological |
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| 181:54 | including the operation and the top conceiving the rest of our prop up coming |
|
| 182:00 | and the of the other conservation. uh also, if we look at |
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| 182:08 | migration conservation, it's a see the from the source area to town probability |
|
| 182:16 | a carrier base and the source carrier inter and the at the location, |
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| 182:24 | , number and natural nature of the original and also the depth of the |
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| 182:31 | carrier system. If the two shallow cause a leak and the source to |
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| 182:37 | communication, that is also can cause . And uh in terms of the |
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| 182:47 | transfer, efficient factor relates to the on the ceiling considerations. Actually, |
|
| 182:54 | the number size and the location of and uh insufficient capacity allowing uh the |
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| 183:04 | spill and unable location promotes the bypass uh effective tracks, effective of |
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| 183:16 | including the thickness and the of the and uh also lateral extent and the |
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| 183:25 | pro propensity and the depth residence time trap and the other carbon time, |
|
| 183:33 | a volatile versus the heavy. So uh that is the con considering considering |
|
| 183:40 | uh transfer of efficiency if you look the trapping on the sea conditions. |
|
| 183:51 | uh in terms of the relevant property as a and uh also hydrocarbon retention |
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| 184:01 | that relate to the ability and the of the car. Give a, |
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| 184:07 | examples of the two different signs and at the on the gathering area and |
|
| 184:14 | calculate how much oil can be retained the carrier base. So the relative |
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| 184:22 | coming of higher carbon generation attract development a critical. Then try to evaluate |
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| 184:33 | overall system efficiency. The most efficient have a trap. Development is predating |
|
| 184:43 | on the average. It's actually that's I think that's the hidden you are |
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| 184:48 | if the property is reached before the generation. And uh that's the, |
|
| 184:54 | the good. Yeah, but based this statement, yeah. And uh |
|
| 185:02 | , that's in terms of the timing . It's about the time of generation |
|
| 185:08 | time of re development, time of carrier and development and kind of trap |
|
| 185:16 | . Those are all things and the real time and uh other considerations and |
|
| 185:24 | to the the positions of the source the window and the post accumulation history |
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| 185:32 | the erosion and the thermal event and and time of the career uh development |
|
| 185:41 | a soft raft of six regions. so they based on that and they |
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| 185:48 | make the the different maps, those the depths to the depths to the |
|
| 185:54 | the basement map in a, in specific and this is the which fractions |
|
| 186:03 | based on the based on the constant the gradients and the, the the |
|
| 186:11 | and those are the ions based on different high or some ingredients. And |
|
| 186:19 | can see that the mature is obviously compared to previous, lower to the |
|
| 186:27 | . And uh those, those are the based on another another two sum |
|
| 186:33 | . Uh You you can see that uh also you can generate the gradient |
|
| 186:41 | . This is really, really I think this map is actually I |
|
| 186:46 | that based on the the all the of the uh he he flu and |
|
| 186:55 | conductivity of the rocks. So that's that, that is the show some |
|
| 187:02 | gradients map. And uh those are based on the uh the, the |
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| 187:10 | of black and uh based on the of the geothermal gradient. And then |
|
| 187:18 | , they can calculate the theme. this is to show the case of |
|
| 187:25 | migration path is and for the North mountain Basin offshore Alaska and the |
|
| 187:33 | a yellow area actually the traps and green area which are the which are |
|
| 187:41 | uh you can see that is the migration is actually from the south to |
|
| 187:49 | to the traps and show, you , arrows here. And uh different |
|
| 187:57 | have uh can estimate different formations have uh oil uh can be accumulated actually |
|
| 188:05 | on the C 15 method. And are the, those are the like |
|
| 188:11 | north slope. And you can see they have an immature immature area and |
|
| 188:19 | mature area in the south. And also there's a different period of time |
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| 188:27 | on that on that, on that that this is 15 years, maybe |
|
| 188:35 | years before. And well, this not much but uh it was continuous |
|
| 188:44 | and get into the present day And the most of the, most |
|
| 188:51 | the this is the the this kind the case study uh summary of the |
|
| 189:07 | slope and the evaluation and the different different. And this one is from |
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| 189:23 | and uh come to the best evaluation is the input, the geochemistry, |
|
| 189:31 | of geochemistry, abundance of organic matter or you can do the yeah. |
|
| 189:48 | uh so the thickness and the age the other formations above the above the |
|
| 189:59 | and history and the in in the of the the different amount on the |
|
| 190:08 | single. So you can, you input, input your parameters and uh |
|
| 190:15 | make a come to a map or , you can use a single, |
|
| 190:21 | , single. And those are the article from the basic evolution process actually |
|
| 190:30 | to Asian map. So that's now see once you, once you have |
|
| 190:36 | few studies and then you will generate , the maps, a geologist, |
|
| 190:44 | geologist that once you have maps and communication will be much easier across the |
|
| 190:52 | discipline. The mark ever since. particular, when you do the |
|
| 190:59 | when you do the research, if got a multi parameters that various and |
|
| 191:08 | those are the, the including the observation and the direction of the other |
|
| 191:16 | the current thing for two level of mean, because this is very important |
|
| 191:21 | that the kind of things that you to look at that, which area |
|
| 191:26 | have a really good source rock that the oil. We do, |
|
| 191:31 | uh, gas or their death to . And, yeah, that's |
|
| 191:42 | Uh, I don't have a volume I don't volume and I don't have |
|
| 191:47 | volume come up that, but now , we, we do not |
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| 191:53 | really talk about it too much about . I'll get my, you don't |
|
| 191:59 | talk about your other, what should come up that the final product that |
|
| 192:06 | should come up and uh our resources much? That is, that is |
|
| 192:12 | all the ultimate goal, ultimate goal want to get. So all the |
|
| 192:19 | work like uh like, like the , the whole C C, all |
|
| 192:28 | kind of very detailed work are the , you have to figure that you |
|
| 192:33 | to figure that. And uh when come to final products, that's very |
|
| 192:39 | for your research out there, you , come to final results in the |
|
| 192:43 | up thing, something you can communicate your, with, with, with |
|
| 192:48 | people who are coming up with a backgrounds. They should say that |
|
| 192:54 | you need to use the common words my, if you speak to |
|
| 193:01 | speak to the geologist engineers, now all say OK, some, some |
|
| 193:10 | uh and then you have that kind very good to communication with your and |
|
| 193:18 | , and how much hydrocarbon state so make you work, make your work |
|
| 193:24 | so valuable. That's, that, is very, I think that's a |
|
| 193:29 | important part. And the geochemical based . And also for the, for |
|
| 193:36 | , the, for the app on , what we have to level and |
|
| 193:45 | two generation that the this this uh zones, you know that we, |
|
| 193:54 | , we know that that's what we to the generation, pick up our |
|
| 194:03 | and the dragons. Yeah. So once you, once you and then |
|
| 194:11 | , that you, you have a of the for the oil window and |
|
| 194:19 | for the time of a and for oil that you want to determine the |
|
| 194:26 | , the, the the time of oil generation, bring, bring the |
|
| 194:31 | the beginning and the end for that that time. And the original regional |
|
| 194:39 | in the volume of how is available the and then you, you have |
|
| 194:43 | , you have for you volume mean you see that everything is here, |
|
| 194:51 | is here. We do not talk anything about our source rock. This |
|
| 194:57 | of no one really care about your . It's time. Then you need |
|
| 195:02 | figure out all the things. What we, what should we talk about |
|
| 195:06 | the and a base model. You to figure out those things and uh |
|
| 195:13 | final product, you need to communicate well with your, once you have |
|
| 195:19 | and then you can have one and you have table table, there's a |
|
| 195:24 | that ship the numbers, you do describe anything. OK? This is |
|
| 195:30 | half one organ matter and that's the hydrogen carbon atomic ratios is the hydrogen |
|
| 195:40 | atomic rat. What you need is of cable. The cable is that |
|
| 195:45 | longer reach the hydrogen carbon ratio is to where the quantity of the total |
|
| 195:52 | carbon potential of gathering areas associated with . So you need that number. |
|
| 196:04 | number is so important because that numbers be used by us to evaluate your |
|
| 196:13 | evaluate to use the phone as your future process. So same same here |
|
| 196:22 | longer, no longer need to be about the mass balance. All those |
|
| 196:27 | you need to figure out in order you want to come up with |
|
| 196:31 | Yeah. So this is a very , a very important approach for your |
|
| 196:38 | with your peers, with your You need to, you need to |
|
| 196:43 | a common language that everybody can Everybody cares, everybody cares those things |
|
| 196:51 | then communicate with the big like Yeah, and that's why if you |
|
| 196:59 | at here, OK? Yes, want to know that if you choose |
|
| 197:04 | level is getting into oil window or . And then you will ask to |
|
| 197:09 | , ok, get into oil, time when I get and when that |
|
| 197:19 | , if you look at the, then, and then you would say |
|
| 197:23 | , ok, that's how much how much. But those kind of |
|
| 197:28 | simple, very simple, logically worse will be much more effective than any |
|
| 197:37 | of, uh, any kind of terms which we, each of us |
|
| 197:42 | here is no longer say sentimental we don't have to read, |
|
| 197:47 | read. Many people like to kind get that what that means, how |
|
| 197:54 | related to how that kind of So you don't have to really need |
|
| 198:00 | ask and for the in here you need to talk about or have |
|
| 198:08 | whatever you don't need to talk to about the biomarkers on those things you |
|
| 198:14 | to do to talk about this kind very specific words to your being a |
|
| 198:21 | . What do you talk about? of 100 you talk about that and |
|
| 198:28 | everybody can understand that. I think a very, very important. That's |
|
| 198:33 | , that's the knowledge, that's an . What island? Because I work |
|
| 198:36 | the Bureau of Economic Geology and many people, they are geologists. |
|
| 198:43 | . And the only when I join I join, we do not have |
|
| 198:48 | organic chemists. And after I joined , the, the Bureau of Economic |
|
| 198:54 | , and if I talk about too of the geochemistry terms, they cannot |
|
| 198:59 | it and also they do not care I care about that and all these |
|
| 199:06 | they care about is how you how many shale gas price, how |
|
| 199:12 | shall oil? And what is he to this? So and then |
|
| 199:24 | yeah, and, and if you about that and if I say, |
|
| 199:39 | , the composition, OK, Before, before that some of the |
|
| 199:50 | and instead of that, that is is that the only way you can |
|
| 200:05 | that is important, you, you , you see the article, once |
|
| 200:14 | see the articles, you see what that, what, what you |
|
| 200:17 | care. Yeah. OK. It's important is that for your research, |
|
| 200:27 | your research, when you make conclusions you advertising yourself, you go this |
|
| 200:34 | kind of technology instead of the instead the very professional technology, that's only |
|
| 200:41 | can understand the others cannot really understand . And uh this is a, |
|
| 200:48 | is a, a key data input data, data, digital, digital |
|
| 200:55 | the and all the kind of So the if you do not really |
|
| 201:01 | your own data, so you, looking for references that from each |
|
| 201:09 | your references are mixed up to from from public map you can collect if |
|
| 201:15 | want to make the publish the map digitalized and that digital has the information |
|
| 201:23 | can use it. Yeah, that's kind of, and you have a |
|
| 201:29 | of and uh and also you look some and uh because they do some |
|
| 201:39 | this kind of information, you need have an input, those, those |
|
| 201:45 | can come from your own stuff or from other literature report stuff. That's |
|
| 201:51 | good, all good. But when use these things, you need to |
|
| 201:55 | , you need to, you need clearly understand that they are ma they |
|
| 201:59 | how they come from the house and sure your data, data, data |
|
| 202:05 | , data input are correct. And and then you can make a bunch |
|
| 202:11 | maps by yourself. And uh I skip of this is and then the |
|
| 202:18 | of volumetric reserve, those are those are the the the and gathering |
|
| 202:27 | the area this area and then with total of gene gene average volume have |
|
| 202:40 | that the average is really different. uh oh this is divided by the |
|
| 202:48 | the cell that is maybe that uh into the different degrees and to normalize |
|
| 202:55 | per cell of the to look at and the number of the groups and |
|
| 203:02 | in the area area that this time the cell size actually the 16 square |
|
| 203:14 | that's bigger. So the and the gathering area is this big so that |
|
| 203:21 | , we are not allowed really looking small areas and look at really |
|
| 203:26 | And then did the ma ma maximum the average So that's it for |
|
| 203:37 | And uh and, and that that's a summary of the uh volume |
|
| 203:53 | for the specific. And then you maps and uh and then you, |
|
| 203:59 | have some other things. So for exploration prediction based on the higher carbon |
|
| 204:05 | models, so actually you see that actually no how you accurately have that |
|
| 204:15 | , that's why we have a And once you come up that |
|
| 204:21 | remember that that is that number is be refined with you more information |
|
| 204:30 | So that's why it's uh it's actually estimate, the probability estimate. Not |
|
| 204:39 | really because because we have a concept your mind as the organic matter that |
|
| 204:48 | the converged explosion, many, many evolve, you have many assumptions so |
|
| 204:57 | affect your input. So that is I say the model got a model |
|
| 205:04 | and uh you cannot treat them that as a number. That's just an |
|
| 205:14 | . OK. So this is the uncertainty. So you need to look |
|
| 205:19 | the uncertain. So this is this is this number and then kind |
|
| 205:38 | you, you look at the some of so those uncertain types, |
|
| 205:48 | Now it's much easier, yeah, easier to look at the barrier |
|
| 205:54 | OK? See that this, this the column, this this with the |
|
| 206:00 | the formation column. So that uh is the the and all that |
|
| 206:13 | different information that are different to the uh that's that, that this, |
|
| 206:23 | this, that look at the OK? Look at the hand. |
|
| 206:32 | , look at here and then a time and then put that from |
|
| 206:44 | from the and the deposit and then , the the and uh I to |
|
| 207:06 | think about that I'm gonna and 10 years, which is, that is |
|
| 207:12 | 30 million years that the data, can almost 16,007. So this is |
|
| 207:22 | critical, uh very critical thing continuously then the become slower and uh eventually |
|
| 207:36 | that not receiving and then any additional button blocks. If you look at |
|
| 207:44 | , look at that with them. , that's the, that the immature |
|
| 207:51 | is the and the which is uh getting into the initial oil and the |
|
| 208:00 | three literally get into the get to off and then go to the bar |
|
| 208:07 | the gas condensation and uh project. . And then you see that when |
|
| 208:16 | start to get the, it's yeah, 100 it's about 240 million |
|
| 208:30 | for the 50 million years. That's million years because it very quick subsidence |
|
| 208:38 | receiving a significant amount of sediments and million years that period of time, |
|
| 208:45 | , those temperature is hot enough for organic matter to come uh and then |
|
| 208:53 | into the, the, the, , the, the, the the |
|
| 208:57 | the and, and then continue and . And the people that to the |
|
| 209:22 | this is and this is the generation get to the, get the |
|
| 209:35 | And so I guess that's a true the, for the high school when |
|
| 209:41 | was, I think that is uh you have a, once you have |
|
| 209:47 | , the know how to read this and for the different and you |
|
| 209:54 | you can see the both things about we receive the receiving, receiving |
|
| 210:02 | the over the over the racks and increase the temperature and then you change |
|
| 210:09 | timing, timing of the old generation of the and of the, of |
|
| 210:23 | . So and another thing, another that's important to you, you do |
|
| 210:28 | really see this before what you consider this, this is, that's and |
|
| 210:36 | this is your, this is your of my Children and uh this is |
|
| 210:42 | this is, yeah, so I that's the, the battle square and |
|
| 210:59 | what you can see that to me the oil and gas oil and then |
|
| 211:13 | reach the and then he start to the and because of all of that |
|
| 211:30 | then yeah, that the oil become and also you have a easy |
|
| 211:48 | that's a, that's a bit. what, what you can see that |
|
| 211:57 | . So look at this, this and once you reach the peak of |
|
| 212:02 | oil generation and after that, after , to look at your product, |
|
| 212:15 | products and change the change the change, change the for your, |
|
| 212:20 | your type of products. And uh the current time, you can see |
|
| 212:27 | your product is a small portion of overall reactor dominated by the death. |
|
| 212:33 | also so the, so the and back to the and about seven years |
|
| 212:46 | and it reached a peak of oil and there's also some games very |
|
| 212:53 | So, so you get uh all kind of information from this one. |
|
| 213:02 | is the hands of your about that, that I, I believe |
|
| 213:07 | . And this is the, the one and this is a model |
|
| 213:11 | OK? It regeneration oil and gas some portion of them expelled, it |
|
| 213:18 | oil and gas, some, some, some expelled oil gas. |
|
| 213:25 | the previous lab that's the closest, no everything is just uh just, |
|
| 213:34 | uh keep in the and this one including the expelled oil and gas. |
|
| 213:42 | so when you read it, when read it, still, still |
|
| 213:46 | still, still send me to read this uh uh this and uh so |
|
| 213:54 | one is OK, we look at model model three and uh it the |
|
| 214:02 | and then what, what happens? uh this line is say, |
|
| 214:08 | actually do not really, not really , the, the, the do |
|
| 214:15 | have of the oil but maybe the is changed because in the, the |
|
| 214:24 | of the, the different another, model here and this thing and uh |
|
| 214:36 | the, the oil and the gas then what happens for the, for |
|
| 214:42 | product? I think that's a, all for this morning's class. And |
|
| 215:10 | yeah, this is the, this the 11 of the summary slides on |
|
| 215:14 | we, what we can and you use that to build up our |
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| 215:20 | And I, I, I believe after, after this, the, |
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| 215:24 | , the, the, the, , this, the, the, |
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| 215:27 | , the cause of the, the geochemistry and uh you will have a |
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| 215:33 | better understanding of this, this And uh this is the end of |
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| 215:44 | morning class and we can stop |
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