| 00:08 | we were going to a lot of for this and they're watching, but |
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| 00:12 | gonna be a recording anyway, uh the in the very beginning, uh |
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| 00:22 | are microfossils, these are, how I know it says it right |
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| 00:27 | They also uh there are some things are called also other sample of pots |
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| 00:39 | look like this, like a model which are these this primary is the |
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| 00:48 | , this was the Mesozoic and stuff we get this is a larger for |
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| 00:52 | tell us, you know, right , I've got something. But then |
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| 01:01 | we look at these more and more to find. But as the science |
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| 01:09 | developed, this is where they And um smith was one of the |
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| 01:17 | people to to actually start mapping things on final succession in the UK. |
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| 01:24 | there was a couple of german folks at the same time and others in |
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| 01:29 | . Uh it's funny when we look the history of science, it's usually |
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| 01:33 | on the english writers when they figured something, but quite often the |
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| 01:39 | the Germans and the french were doing else before that. And I know |
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| 01:44 | a fact people in china were doing before. And uh and also probably |
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| 01:53 | in Russia and that I know I don't know about the Middle East |
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| 01:58 | people were were into that, I read that much from the Middle East |
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| 02:05 | from Egypt or places like your Egyptian , I'm your, there's a lot |
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| 02:11 | on in India, but that didn't until later until after, so related |
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| 02:16 | the british occupation. Mhm. And so anyway again, why do they |
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| 02:29 | were controlled by the environment that offers localized controlled by climate which is geographic |
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| 02:43 | . And what else in really important deposits have to be, they have |
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| 02:59 | be buried. But I think what trying to say is preservation. They |
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| 03:04 | to get preserved in a lot of they're exposed at the surface for a |
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| 03:08 | time you might be broken up for road. A lot of times there |
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| 03:14 | things in estuaries that don't survive the record because there's a lot of physical |
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| 03:21 | and there's also chemical changes that dissolve of these things. And of course |
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| 03:29 | a carbonate setting uh carbonates can get and precipitated quickly. So a lot |
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| 03:37 | a lot of fossils along the Barbary , Little fluctuations in the temperature or |
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| 03:43 | sunshine can start dissolving stuff and then on when the temperature changes or |
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| 03:51 | It could start precipitating like beach hard and stuff like that. And also |
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| 04:03 | can completely, there's the answer. , so I like to call him |
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| 04:16 | smith was the first one that came with the final succession but we we |
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| 04:22 | call it fossil succession to include all which could be ignore fossils. Um |
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| 04:31 | floral fossils Or funnel fossils, funnel is animals. And for a is |
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| 04:43 | it's mostly plants. But what we included for now in definition is is |
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| 04:48 | things that are kind of in between , bacteria and plants. When I |
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| 04:56 | in school we had two kingdoms animal plant. It's getting really hard for |
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| 05:00 | to get past that. And, now we have all sorts of tiny |
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| 05:05 | uh, in the in the the of living things. And uh the |
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| 05:17 | this worked out is the perception that of similar assemblages were time equivalent. |
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| 05:24 | I'll show you some examples. similar sandwiches. Maybe different times with |
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| 05:31 | same environment. They look different. different things. But assemblage looks simple |
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| 05:38 | they have similar looking things and they're combinations like up here, if anything |
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| 05:48 | preserved. So fossil fossil here here three times get out here and show |
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| 06:19 | really incredible. Yes. Not. . Also it's far enough to make |
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| 06:39 | less and less bunch of times. at face is there's lots of uh |
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| 06:48 | in pollen get deposited here. They get out there, but there are |
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| 07:03 | in column. You can actually get in the atmosphere and and fall wherever |
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| 07:11 | want. But the, but the will change from that. So what |
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| 07:20 | trying to get at is that, know that here, you'll see fossils |
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| 07:28 | might be say very old something So they're making a similarity there then |
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| 07:43 | only in time, but also again gonna be different process. It looked |
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| 07:52 | same and I'll show you some cartoons of how that works. So, |
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| 08:03 | , so are we recognizing a succession strata and therefore succession of fossils. |
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| 08:09 | , and that is easy to do or rather we looking for fossils to |
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| 08:14 | the strata and then the succession. uh, and in fact we |
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| 08:20 | we do a lot of, a of both. The above is what |
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| 08:25 | we do is try to not occurring continuous exposures or with regional correlation. |
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| 08:31 | in reality we do both of these iterative lee and here's just an |
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| 08:40 | Um, you know, to take relative position, relative age. You |
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| 08:46 | think this is always under that this reality based on this cartoon. They |
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| 08:59 | over the same period of time And this something, you know, |
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| 09:09 | that sequence photography helped us realize is life is often happens because we have |
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| 09:15 | that program it out like this when stuff coming over the top. And |
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| 09:21 | these kinds of as they call them are just showing us that things been |
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| 09:28 | . But one of the things that know is that this could actually be |
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| 09:33 | one. This could be time to 50 one time scale like this and |
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| 09:43 | equipment. So there's a, there's it's just a basic change or that's |
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| 10:02 | . You don't have to get back . There's a deposition event later, |
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| 10:19 | gets compressive. So plenty of surface here. So, you know, |
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| 10:26 | is an it's not just it's in other words, this could be |
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| 10:37 | grading wedge three a system later. right. As you can see in |
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| 10:50 | like this. One way, it's , the localized sense. This is |
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| 10:55 | facing ship because you have a thick if it happened this way. |
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| 11:08 | So then the next So that's another have this was the positive might have |
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| 11:32 | same amount of time. That's captain, this time, that's a |
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| 11:41 | company. So now I'm confusing the out of right, what I'm trying |
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| 11:53 | get at is actually interpreting it and can seem very uh difficult, but |
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| 12:01 | , it all has to do with . When we see these things in |
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| 12:05 | uh, seismic lines. We know it's a their layers in the determination |
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| 12:14 | help to see those timelines. When see something like this in an |
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| 12:19 | it was just about that size and outcrop. We would know that was |
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| 12:23 | ship. Okay. And this is of how it was in the |
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| 12:31 | we thought the seas came in and seas went out and I really like |
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| 12:39 | diagram, but it's really complicated for familiar with stuff. But here you |
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| 12:45 | see um, there's a deposition event then a marine and a fine rain |
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| 12:52 | here, which is not a marina this case. This is a non |
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| 12:56 | , um, like a floodplain to here with just leaves and here we |
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| 13:04 | a sure thing. And this is optional. So we're going from Continental |
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| 13:12 | . This thing right here is nearest your and we used to look at |
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| 13:26 | but we would see in one formation next is it seems like the sea |
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| 13:31 | in and the C goes out, comes in and all the formations are |
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| 13:41 | . So this would be progressive and is transgressive comedies. So here you |
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| 13:50 | short face or Deltek stuff coming over of continental onshore and marine on top |
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| 13:57 | that, then it's procreating back So this is this is transgressive regressive |
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| 14:04 | that's how we get up first. showed us sometimes such spaces larger |
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| 14:15 | ships to changed character. Sure. uh you can also see that this |
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| 14:28 | down significant is convinced. This part gets convinced. If you go to |
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| 14:40 | water it gets condensed and this is because because you have a and it's |
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| 14:44 | a thin video and here's another But these are also trying to show |
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| 14:55 | that through time the fossils are This is all deep water. This |
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| 15:06 | coastal, this is like spores and over here, which is just not |
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| 15:12 | . So you see a similarity here the way they've drawn this cartoon. |
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| 15:17 | know, this thing comes up in . Wasn't down in there, then |
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| 15:21 | get up here and we have something what's similar is the assemblage has the |
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| 15:30 | character in terms of uh non marines . We see uh I don't know |
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| 15:40 | they showed it very well we can there's certain things in this coastal thing |
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| 15:45 | are no longer up here. You see the mixing it up to some |
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| 15:48 | these memory things in the Delta X example. And uh, and some |
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| 15:54 | stuff here, uh that you'll see here as as transgressions happening and then |
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| 16:00 | get the regression going on. You to lose these things. And then |
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| 16:04 | you've got all the scores and scores at least. But they change and |
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| 16:11 | haven't changed the leads in here, would help you can see them. |
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| 16:16 | something that's round, here's one that of clover like over like clover like |
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| 16:21 | ones are gone. These came in . Just these are you you understand |
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| 16:27 | ? I'm trying to get it that have, we have assemblage here assemblage |
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| 16:34 | and some bits here. Then we see things changing through time and age |
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| 16:41 | . But all the way through we do see similarities in this |
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| 16:46 | This time interval has an assemblage. this environmental deposition, this environmental deposition |
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| 16:54 | an assembly to put through time and . Mm. And um I'm not |
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| 17:05 | bother to explain this because it's um actually too simple and and I might |
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| 17:11 | you but looking here. Um I off short, this is captain, |
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| 17:22 | can deeper. We end up with groups of when these are benefits |
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| 17:33 | You can get some blankets here, the percentage of this normally is the |
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| 17:42 | , right? Um 200 ft. ft. Yeah, actually, 300 |
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| 17:56 | is where the break was in uh m, 200 m because it looks |
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| 18:11 | it's a Anyway, we have a deposit, here's time will show and |
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| 18:20 | It gets deeper than 200 ft. , get water. Yeah, I'm |
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| 18:29 | why don't we take a break right ? See if I can pause my |
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| 18:37 | because I need water. I'm gonna the key and I'll be able to |
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| 18:40 | this up. But if you guys , I can bring you uh both |
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| 18:44 | you a a bottle of cold water of my refrigerator. Did you just |
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| 19:34 | the video? I don't have a button on here. Is that the |
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| 19:40 | thing? No, so I'll start . And so do you receive the |
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| 19:51 | I return to? I do have . I thought it was in my |
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| 19:56 | , but it's not. I'm we're taking a break. Okay? |
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| 20:00 | , so I'm gonna I'm pausing I can't get the key tomorrow. |
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| 20:07 | gonna, I'm gonna go over and if I can get it right |
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| 20:09 | Okay. Oh, And my next . Yeah, great. We have |
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| 20:58 | . And |
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