| 00:00 | Mentioned some of these things. So group, OK. So II |
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| 00:05 | I'm not uh with this chapter OK. So um it's, it's |
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| 00:13 | more overview type thing here as I'm you can gather, of course, |
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| 00:17 | we mentioned some specific uh features about these different groups. But um you |
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| 00:23 | , it, it's uh you should an idea of kind of if you |
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| 00:27 | , if you see in this back here, if you see, um |
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| 00:32 | know, you should know the basics you talked more about them than any |
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| 00:36 | , than any of the other Um uh You know, you |
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| 00:40 | you should be able to know the features of each group. How would |
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| 00:44 | , you know, if you saw , how would you know it, |
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| 00:45 | are the features, that kind of ? Um But I said like, |
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| 00:49 | that, you know, it's you know, a symbiotic relationship. |
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| 00:53 | So kind of really just uh you need to memorize the life cycles of |
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| 00:58 | . OK. Um And you'll see few more of those life cycles |
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| 01:02 | But again, just mostly what are , what are the groups? What |
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| 01:04 | the features, what are some of diseases we see associated? And, |
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| 01:08 | I don't, you don't have to the disease. It's just kind of |
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| 01:11 | what we see with these different Ok. Um So with helmets and |
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| 01:17 | basically 22 groups. So uh what call basically based on their form, |
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| 01:23 | ? So round worms, uh flat . So a fluke, for |
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| 01:27 | is in that group, a tapeworm in that group. Um These are |
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| 01:32 | parasitic. Um many of these cause um gastrointestinal type uh uh infections, |
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| 01:44 | uh p nematodes. Um uh and uh tape worms will do that. |
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| 01:50 | So they do have special features and that enabled them to, to stay |
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| 01:54 | a host. So for tape worms have like a kind of suckers on |
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| 01:58 | head to kind of stick to your walls, things like that. Um |
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| 02:04 | uh because they're relatively simple. Uh They don't have a lot of |
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| 02:10 | and be and because they're parasites, ? They rely on the host for |
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| 02:14 | and things like that. They're not have all, you know, the |
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| 02:17 | of a more developed animal, let's . Ok. So um a tapeworm |
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| 02:22 | kind of more or less just like , a tube with food passing through |
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| 02:26 | and it absorbs nutrients. So it's a uh not a complete digestive |
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| 02:30 | for example, um the uh movement somewhat limited. Uh a lot of |
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| 02:38 | uh flukes that are in the flat are kind of aquatic type of |
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| 02:45 | Uh you, you're so they kind move, you know, as the |
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| 02:50 | takes them, so to speak. the uh nematodes typically are things that |
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| 02:55 | in soil. Uh but also can uh eggs that are ingested uh typically |
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| 03:01 | uh in feces. And so it water, you may ingest. So |
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| 03:05 | very common, particularly for uh the worms, uh tape worms as |
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| 03:10 | Um Let's see, they can have life cycles. So we'll see with |
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| 03:16 | fluke, for example, we can different, multiple hosts. Ok. |
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| 03:22 | The uh uh fluke are there So flat, basically have a, |
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| 03:27 | what's called the dorsal and a ventral to them. Uh a skin which |
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| 03:32 | call a cuticle covering kind of absorbers through that. Um So very primitive |
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| 03:39 | not really a complete digestive system as course we would have. Ok. |
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| 03:45 | The types of disease causing types are on um the kind of tissue it |
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| 03:52 | , right? So it's a, blood fluke versus a liver fluke versus |
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| 03:56 | um a lung fluke. So it of uh determines kind of what kind |
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| 04:01 | disease they'll cause depending on specific for particular tissue type. Ok. And |
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| 04:07 | uh these will have a life cycle you see. And again, you |
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| 04:12 | need to memorize this life cycle, just to show especially uh relevant our |
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| 04:17 | of the country, right? Like , I love to eat fish when |
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| 04:20 | in season. All right. So is a, a crawfish is a |
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| 04:25 | host. So you have a snail a crawfish as hosts uh for this |
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| 04:31 | lung fluke. Ok. We would it uh by ingesting contaminated crawfish. |
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| 04:38 | . Um It would then lay eggs our lungs. Uh then uh through |
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| 04:43 | body, it would disseminate and then course, typically excreted through uh |
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| 04:47 | And then that's how um other organisms acquire it to a snail, for |
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| 04:53 | . So, but again, not for these types of organisms, as |
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| 04:58 | saw with protozoans can have some of can have a complex life cycle as |
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| 05:02 | . And the, the human that's a part of it. |
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| 05:06 | that's when we can get infected with . OK. And so, um |
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| 05:12 | the uh tapeworms, right? So worms are have a kind of a |
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| 05:19 | structure as you see here in terms their head structures for the sex is |
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| 05:23 | that's called. So, it has suckers on it. Uh You would |
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| 05:28 | this by ingesting again, contaminated water . Uh The egg would, eggs |
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| 05:33 | um uh germinate in your intestines and uh attach through these uh suckers if |
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| 05:41 | will. Here. Um Many, of these uh like tapeworm, these |
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| 05:45 | worms are also um we call They have both male and female uh |
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| 05:51 | workers and so they can repro asexuality themselves basically. And so the |
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| 05:59 | uh, can get quite large. . Probably go google tape. I |
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| 06:04 | , you'll see these pictures where these can be like 30 ft long. |
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| 06:08 | . Um, it's also a, , a source of, um, |
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| 06:14 | market it as a, um, a, as a, a weight |
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| 06:17 | Remy, you can actually buy it tapeworm and eat and ingest it |
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| 06:22 | and it's touted as a way to weight. I guess you could lose |
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| 06:25 | that way. But, uh, wouldn't want to swallow a tapeworm to |
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| 06:28 | that. Um, but it uh, it can, uh, |
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| 06:33 | off. So it has these Ok? You see here and you |
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| 06:38 | actually clip one of these off and grow a whole new tapeworm. |
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| 06:42 | So, um, the, uh, what we call Petty |
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| 06:49 | ok. Which includes the tape worms flukes. So, uh, |
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| 06:54 | pathogen types, depending on the tissue they affect, I guess I mentioned |
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| 06:59 | . Blood fluke, liver and lung common among this group. Ok. |
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| 07:05 | , uh, as mentioned, either through contam water or it can |
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| 07:08 | through food. Ok. Uh, know, if you have, |
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| 07:12 | if you've been around or you're familiar or maybe your family has livestock, |
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| 07:18 | ? Whether it's cattle or horses or have you, you have to typically |
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| 07:24 | them right throughout the year. And , because they acquire these kinds of |
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| 07:29 | like, um, tape worms, worms, et cetera. This is |
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| 07:33 | part of eating, you know, they're found in soil and this ingest |
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| 07:36 | eating grass, they just ingest these . And so, um, they |
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| 07:41 | , uh, if you don't control , they can't, of course, |
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| 07:45 | a, take a toll on the because they're, they're, these things |
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| 07:49 | eating, you know, food taking them from, from the body |
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| 07:53 | in and, and it can uh, uh you're certainly gonna be |
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| 07:58 | off health wise without them than with . Ok. So the, the |
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| 08:02 | that that's done on livestock is kind for that reason. Ok. Because |
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| 08:06 | will ingest these various things and can growing in them. Ok. Um |
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| 08:11 | so rat worms again, are more this whole group rounds or a little |
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| 08:16 | more on the more more developed they're order animals if you will. |
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| 08:22 | Relatively speaking. And so they can a compete digestive system. These are |
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| 08:28 | many of these are, um, sexes. So unlike a hermaphrodite, |
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| 08:33 | actually males and females within the Ok. And not all of these |
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| 08:39 | necessarily parasitic. Uh some just kind live on their own. They really |
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| 08:44 | cause any kind of disease in but those that do can be from |
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| 08:50 | ingesting eggs. So, uh the , I think I read that the |
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| 08:56 | is the, the most common worm in the states. Ok. So |
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| 09:04 | often a, uh particularly among little because, you know, little kids |
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| 09:08 | want, are gonna be the most , right? And uh so it's |
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| 09:12 | associated with hygiene to a degree. But the worms get in uh on |
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| 09:18 | skin, they cause itchiness and things that. Um The uh other |
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| 09:23 | uh of course, when you get your intestines and cause gastrointestinal upsets things |
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| 09:28 | that. Uh hook worm is like . Uh So Tricon Losis, |
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| 09:35 | So that's a uh foodborne disease. so the uh Triana is the worm |
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| 09:43 | is found in the animal. And it's not uncommon to find it in |
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| 09:47 | , for example, so pigs can it. And so a worm that |
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| 09:50 | of uh grows and kind of lives the muscle tissue. And so uh |
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| 09:56 | you eat meat from a contaminated you have to make sure it's very |
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| 10:00 | cooked. Um So you don't uh infected with that uh heartworm disease. |
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| 10:07 | certainly if you have pets, uh in particular, uh heart worm can |
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| 10:12 | in the same way they can infect heart tissue. And you see there |
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| 10:16 | worm, long worm or maybe there multiple worms that are, have infected |
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| 10:22 | tissue and obviously, it's gonna be fatal condition. The basically the animal |
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| 10:27 | from heart failure as a result. So that, that really is the |
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| 10:37 | of, of chapter 12. Uh Any questions about that. So |
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| 10:43 | gonna do a couple, do a question related to this. And then |
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| 10:48 | I do wanna just um briefly talk 14 only in terms of what to |
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| 10:55 | and just give you a heads up , on one thing. So let |
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| 10:58 | just let's do this question. And uh so again, what to know |
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| 11:06 | chapter 12 is kind of this stuff of, here's the features, is |
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| 11:10 | fit or not fit all that kind thing. You said there were some |
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| 11:14 | on the uh unit quiz like this . So, um, so that's |
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| 11:19 | of level of what I'm looking at . Ok. So if you just |
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| 11:32 | , you are about to leave because we voted on um, well, |
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| 11:37 | gonna start unit three today or not we're, we're ahead of schedule. |
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| 11:41 | according to the syllabus schedule, we're scheduled to start at three until |
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| 11:47 | Uh I had the crazy idea of early today. So that was, |
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| 11:52 | as you all voted, that was crazy idea of mine. So, |
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| 11:55 | so you elected to leave early So while you're sitting there answering the |
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| 12:17 | thing just to mention it, but not 14, there's a lot of |
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| 12:22 | in that, in that chapter, ? Um So I have basically, |
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| 12:30 | have a slide not posted on whiteboard lists on terms. So you'll have |
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| 12:36 | , a record of all, all stuff will go through in terms of |
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| 12:41 | . OK. Hey, so you've , yes, it is a non |
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| 12:54 | toxin producers. OK. |
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