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00:03 | Okay. Okay. You know? . What Okay testing testing. Okay |
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00:41 | thanks. We're showing up for the day. Um I appreciate that. |
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00:55 | all right so like when I said this morning email uh so the year |
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01:02 | it's through Monday 1159. Um so yesterday on that uh everything else. |
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01:13 | example obviously is uh is um maybe 11 state troopers open smart work assignments |
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01:22 | that. 26 is due on thursday not the typical sunday. So more |
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01:29 | to finish that. So one thing was gonna show, I wish you |
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01:35 | this on the last class day in fall because it's it fits, you |
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01:42 | , by that time it's it's at end of november or probably the first |
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01:46 | in december and christmas coming up. ? So I show and show this |
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01:52 | just to because everybody out there probably um a doppelganger. Okay so this |
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02:00 | been mine for quite some time and been told numerous times. Okay. |
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02:08 | that's that's not me. That's billy thornton. I know I've been people |
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02:15 | buy the drinks and borrowers and things that because hey, hey, but |
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02:23 | , well I wish I knew I I could make the money he |
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02:26 | So but anyway it's probably gets more as you get older, you get |
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02:32 | wrinkles and things you're looking like Anyway uh that's uh this is my double |
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02:40 | so we're gonna finish up, you a new gastrointestinal system. We're gonna |
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02:47 | that and I think most of the of this is uh diseases of the |
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02:54 | . N. S. Okay so yeah so we're gonna we didn't quite |
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03:01 | to this, this is gonna be okay there. Um So let's start |
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03:11 | the question let's see what we got . Alright there's the list again |
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03:16 | Okay so these are the um again know if you have questions about how |
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03:22 | organize this material I think really it's the table idea. I think that |
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03:26 | the best idea and there's an example that on blackboards. So um again |
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03:30 | up to you but that's that's the I would probably take. So here's |
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03:34 | question. So take a look at one. These are kind of |
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03:38 | Uh These are kind of examples of to know really in terms of your |
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03:43 | do you know about these things? this is an example of that so |
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03:49 | you know trying to figure out the that are maybe the more obvious features |
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03:55 | these types. Okay um so take look at this um as in order |
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04:03 | G. I tracts infections here and um like of respiratory infections most |
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04:11 | I tract uh infections and viruses some you for that of course um Not |
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04:22 | . I. Tract infections overall or uh generally failed except the more vulnerable |
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04:31 | the population but it's also a those of infections are things that you that |
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04:38 | literally pass. Okay you start to of ride out the process of of |
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04:46 | know for a few days. Sometimes so long maybe 48 hours. But |
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04:51 | that's why don't you don't you don't don't take antibiotics? Yellow G. |
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04:56 | . Tract effect because you will eliminate eventually. Okay so um that, |
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05:03 | I'll elaborate on that here in a . Let's see what we come up |
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05:06 | here. Uh Have a look at question myself. Let's see. Mm |
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05:37 | . Okay mm hmm. The second . Alright let's see. Okay um |
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05:48 | and blood reveals beta hemolytic gram positive change. That's true. Okay. |
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05:57 | yeah I'm in prison cell pathogen That's true. Okay. One of |
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06:03 | toxins that kill stimulated cells in the . They just boarded tele pertussis. |
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06:08 | cough, tracheal toxin. True. interest. Taylor, foodborne pathogen. |
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06:16 | enteritidis does fit that description. Um Mr Troy Patron informs sort of |
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06:24 | is that right? Yes. Emphatically um To the membrane that is |
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06:37 | 1? Yes bacteria. Okay. It's it's spelled weird. It's |
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06:49 | Okay. It's not a typo Um A nature often found in the |
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06:57 | that's true legionella. Okay so e not correctly matched diphtheria membrane theory. |
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07:08 | All right so all right. Here's question. Okay. The famous Anthony |
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07:17 | figures of history listed below all have in common. Yeah caesar I really |
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07:27 | . Also leo war and peace. everybody wants peace. It's about that |
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07:38 | . Um Yeah anybody here from. mm hmm. Yeah do do do |
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08:04 | . Uh they were all well it's not surprising me that they're all kind |
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08:09 | especially picture with Alright, little bit right? So it's Ivan the terrible |
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08:17 | in life caesar was believed to have kind of going off going off the |
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08:21 | end as well. Uh so it syphilis in china. True, Very |
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08:31 | . Is is that is that that's it leads to dementia etcetera. So |
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08:36 | anyway, um okay so let's talk no wait a minute. Okay. |
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08:46 | apparently just I'll have to we'll come . It will come. I will |
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08:52 | to I thought I put that slide there and gi tract infections. I |
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08:54 | it out but I'm gonna come back this while we're here. We'll just |
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08:59 | this is this is this is a infectious disease that we're going to do |
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09:03 | terms of STD, right so we'll this one then we'll go back to |
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09:08 | gi tract infections. Okay my bad that one. Okay. Oh |
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09:16 | Okay uh let's see there now it's . Okay. Um alright so Spiro |
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09:27 | keet is what causes syphilis japan So called from way back in chapter |
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09:35 | . We're looking at the so this has a but it's it's what they |
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09:42 | actual film. So it's tied at ends. Right? So it's not |
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09:46 | it's not a free flowing rotating pendulum other bacteria have that are motile but |
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09:52 | one that's basically wraps around the cell attached at both ends. So it |
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09:57 | when it rotates, it will produce very characteristic corkscrew motion. Very characteristic |
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10:04 | spiral keys. Okay. And it's makes them at least in the early |
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10:10 | of simples. Makes it very easy diagnose really by just looking at a |
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10:16 | under dark field microscopy and you'll see corkscrews just twirling around in the |
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10:22 | So um so this disease is often the great imitator because there's a period |
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10:32 | yeah uh there's no signs or symptoms disease. And a rash breaks out |
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10:38 | a rash is a symptom of many types of conditions. Okay so but |
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10:43 | start first with the initial stages. so again sexually transmitted disease. Um |
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10:52 | initial stages is basically multiplying. Um conforms lesions bankers that form both males |
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11:01 | females. Um Okay of course for uh more visible in males than |
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11:09 | The delusions but often because the thing so embarrassed, I'm not gonna go |
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11:15 | the doctor for this. Okay And kind of just need to go and |
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11:19 | does it does disappear, these lesions and the person goes okay well I'm |
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11:26 | . Now will obviously not because material in the body uh traveling throughout the |
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11:32 | . Um And but this can go for like For five years. |
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11:39 | And then secondary syphilis sets it and that's what a rash appears. So |
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11:47 | , by that time you left, have forgotten This initial infection in the |
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11:51 | place. Different diseases that can have raft associated with that just goes |
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11:59 | Okay. And so if it does a proportional thing, like 10% of |
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12:06 | cases that go untreated at this stage progress to tertiary syphilis. Okay. |
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12:12 | that's now incorporated text list for a of the heart into the central nervous |
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12:19 | can affect neurological function. And so people mentioned on a previous life ah |
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12:26 | all they had in common was understand , they had their shirts syphilis and |
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12:31 | and the kind of going crazy at end kind of thing behavior. Um |
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12:37 | uh but that you know that can but it is treatable, you know |
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12:42 | the state. Uh But obviously uh the very beginning might suspect you have |
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12:49 | lesion. You can be diagnosed very um And and treatment treated very easily |
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12:57 | . Okay. Um Congenital syphilis. females that have pregnant mothers with syphilis |
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13:05 | pass it on to the child. baby will typically have, you can |
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13:10 | these defects like uh with their cleft uh teeth to form that kind of |
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13:18 | thing that can occur. Um But that's simple. Okay, still this |
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13:26 | still one of the leading causes of out there that and uh media I |
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13:34 | it still is up there pretty And gonorrhea is still still going strong |
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13:41 | . Um So let's I'm going to on for a second. I thought |
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13:48 | put this in here. Let me go to keep current and let me |
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14:00 | over here hair. Okay. And nope wrong file. Uh this |
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14:17 | Okay, so it's in this sets right and down here. Okay, |
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14:29 | there we go. Alright, so you have a tract infections? |
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14:33 | um again, most of these are nature. The bacterial forms will be |
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14:41 | give you more serious types of Okay. Um we've all arranged some |
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14:48 | of gi tract infection on assuming right either through contaminated water food poisoning. |
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14:57 | then. Uh what follows, of is diarrhea, you know, water |
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15:04 | . And these are the typical the worst symptoms can be not |
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15:10 | Uh Anders the situation uh severe abdominal um uh of course, tremendous loss |
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15:17 | water and these will be the severe . So, um, the uh |
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15:26 | motor virus is probably the most common of what people call some clue is |
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15:33 | valuable to rotavirus. Okay, very , highly contagious. Okay, |
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15:40 | these types of conditions are spread fecal rats. Okay, depending water food |
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15:48 | . Okay, ingesting ingesting them, course. Um Norovirus is somewhat similar |
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15:55 | the coronavirus I heard him lately, like because the pandemic has kind of |
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16:01 | a hold someone to cruise ship but that's picking up again. But |
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16:05 | often hear about these kind of Uh Confections on cruise ships and often |
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16:12 | are attributed to Norovirus versions. Um symptoms of course the grand negatives in |
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16:21 | of bacteria right heavily touch there that attributable attributable to this or your grand |
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16:28 | negatives of that. This is an bacteria A. C. A. |
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16:34 | E. Coli, salmonella shigella Okay got that career. And so |
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16:41 | you can you can split them up two groups. They were called |
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16:44 | These types of the faculty creative taylor pathogens that they have invasions they |
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16:51 | inside the cell and high african immune . Uh protection can spread. All |
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16:56 | so here's a another diagram similarly. we have salmonella salmonella um um has |
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17:04 | found the conjunction of contaminated chicken Um And so it's one that can |
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17:12 | into your intestinal cells and they come the other side like a trans psychosis |
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17:18 | and then enter the bloodstream. So I said this before your intestines are |
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17:25 | vascular rise right? Because it's how that your intestines absorb get into your |
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17:31 | and feed your tissues and things. ? So it's not that hard for |
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17:37 | like that to get into agent and . Okay uh some are toxin producers |
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17:45 | that she gets toxin. It's kind just kind of share I believe it's |
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17:51 | it's a viral facebook transactions, how can be acquired and so it can |
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17:55 | of get passed around to these different negative intestinal pathogen types? Um but |
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18:02 | are not nontoxic producers. Um But also types of course that our noninvasive |
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18:10 | and 57 In fact two quoting Okay. Um and these terms you |
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18:18 | here um E. C. H. E. C. There |
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18:26 | literally like six or seven I think or seven or eight of these two |
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18:32 | abbreviations all end in E. For E. Coli. But there's |
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18:39 | . H. There's U. Uh you H you for those across |
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18:46 | tract infections, your old pathogenic euro . All different color variations causing these |
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18:55 | of infections. Okay. Um The 157 also has this toxin and that |
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19:04 | is one that inhibits protein synthesis can death of the sell. Of course |
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19:10 | this can lead to so equal a doesn't invade cells but it does attach |
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19:17 | cells so is very important for its to cause disease. And that attachment |
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19:23 | can cause damage. And that was can often produce blood as well in |
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19:30 | of the disease process. Okay. The So here's an example of how |
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19:39 | I mentioned before that the only 57 is one often associated with taint tainted |
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19:48 | right lettuce. I think one time time I think the spinach. Um |
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19:54 | so you go okay well how the does that happen? Right because plants |
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19:58 | defecate. Okay so I mean where this coming from? So uh The |
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20:04 | Reservoir for 157. His cat doesn't affect in a negative way, but |
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20:12 | just harbor that particular thing. And what can happen is of one |
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20:20 | So um cows of course definitely ate else. Alright so lots of counter |
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20:27 | on the pastor. Right? And what can happen is known as big |
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20:32 | , they have uh can occur nearby that are planted okay? Um Can |
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20:45 | can of course be taken by this uh you know as well so water |
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20:51 | to create the situation needs to be contaminated. Uh then you know there's |
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20:57 | number of hands it goes through before gets to you to the restaurant which |
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21:01 | was just pulled out of the ground along there can contribute to this as |
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21:07 | . People that aren't using center practices handling it and so forth, |
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21:12 | Um Also the cows themselves, the can contain that. So hamburger meat |
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21:18 | have potentially have the only 57. not really a proper temperature because Canada |
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21:25 | slaughtered uh will have that You know only 5/7 into God. So you |
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21:30 | properly have proper sanitary practices and get tankers as well. And really the |
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21:38 | tank. So obviously it's quite important is you know always wash your vegetables |
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21:46 | well when you are before you even . Um So the so remember we |
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21:54 | that question last time that the answer the pathogen that that didn't ingest cells |
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22:04 | still came down with G. Tract infection. Okay so everything we |
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22:07 | about all the examinations these are you ingesting those cells into your gut and |
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22:14 | they proliferate and they cause issues. with staff you're it's not the cells |
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22:21 | ingested causing issues. It's a toxin produced on the food and you ingest |
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22:26 | toxin that's what's causing this the issue . Okay so that's unique to this |
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22:32 | audience. Okay The staphylococcus is not to to understand the environment of the |
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22:40 | . Okay but the toxin came okay protozoan. So at this point when |
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22:46 | talk about viruses gi tract infections, also protas owns um into amoeba and |
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22:56 | are a couple of types of protozoan can cause this. And again this |
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23:01 | from typical people contaminated water. Okay the dysentery so it's time to disagree |
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23:10 | dysentery is associated with the name. typically is one of the more so |
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23:17 | where you can get some rear donald uh these these protons only instead of |
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23:23 | uh form these kind of political cysts to a sport. Not quite like |
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23:30 | but it is a normal form and kind of you ingest that kind of |
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23:34 | attached to your intestinal wall and then kind of what causes inflammation and this |
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23:41 | of your pain because of blood as . So this interrogator typically step up |
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23:46 | terms of uh severity and. okay. Um the er is probably |
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23:57 | think the most common human parasitic disease Protocol disease, I'm sorry. Uh |
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24:08 | human protozoan diseases, that's I think most common worldwide, something near 300 |
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24:14 | cases a year annually a year. So it's uh it's one where uh |
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24:24 | have a number of they sent their carriage as well. Again it's also |
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24:29 | know, given the current so uh you already you don't actually get the |
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24:36 | effects of this when you get diarrhea that kind of thing. But um |
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24:41 | doesn't get much beyond that in terms bad symptoms. In fact like one |
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24:46 | these protons zones, they typically have weird cycle, life cycles um and |
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24:52 | and they have different forms that developed part of the life cycle. So |
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24:58 | see this thing don't worry about the gonna mention there's like a trophy photos |
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25:02 | stage, the feeding stage and they something called a mirror site stages like |
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25:07 | is how just replicated today. So have very common support as always to |
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25:12 | this kind of multiple cycles of development whatnot. Um So the. |
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25:20 | so attractive collection. So um generally don't give antibiotics. Okay, because |
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25:29 | these things aren't so severe where you to do that. Okay, again |
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25:36 | on how severe the infection and considerably immune system health of the individual |
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25:44 | Okay. Are gonna be considerations but for almost those of us that are |
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25:49 | healthy. Uh we just kind of out the storm, so to |
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25:54 | right? Um and you get because are you literally are eliminating at |
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26:00 | right? And so what we do you do what's called rehydration therapy, |
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26:05 | ? Just keep getting fluids electrolytes while going through this. That's that's really |
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26:12 | . So better that than just throwing bunch of violence in the tub. |
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26:16 | whole system. Anyway, so uh again, you know, there are |
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26:22 | with antibiotics or warranty but it's more not that you don't do that, |
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26:26 | just re hydration. Right? Um is there any questions about that? |
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26:36 | , so I need to do the here. Get back to my other |
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26:41 | . Okay, let's go back to . Yeah. Okay, we talked |
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26:49 | that. Okay, so uh intelligence the secondary system system. So |
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27:02 | Okay, so again, uh Material is going to be more serious |
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27:07 | There is viral meningitis. Okay. will produce there we are. That |
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27:14 | produce um you know much model headache. A common symptom of any |
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27:20 | is typically a stiff neck, But that headache Maybe all over the |
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27:26 | and that's about it. They are over over viral meningitis within like a |
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27:30 | or 10 days at most. And recover fully. So not not |
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27:36 | that big a deal, but bacterial can be a big deal, |
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27:42 | And it can be get serious very in fact. So um so this |
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27:49 | just showing you kind of what's So you have multiple layers protecting your |
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27:54 | basically. Which is what you want you have a skull of course. |
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27:58 | underneath you have these different um three different layers. So what they |
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28:03 | dura mater, arachnoid mater and pia collectively they call that the meninges. |
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28:11 | , so meningitis of course, information that. Okay, so you have |
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28:17 | space in your skull for your brain expand. So these these uh layers |
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28:25 | inflamed not gonna swell and that's going begin to cause issues, right? |
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28:31 | you're going to get impacted by Alright. We got little little does |
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28:37 | it does not refer to expand and begin to develop these um respond towards |
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28:44 | in the company all around. The is not good obviously. And so |
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28:53 | morse effects come if it gets too higher beyond a low rating right to |
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29:02 | significant fever. And then convulsions if if you have the temporal for |
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29:09 | Ah And then and then headaches and comes fairly quickly goes on, |
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29:16 | get the hell in austin because we taxed when you take it there's a |
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29:20 | good Isabel downhill because most controllers come , that's that's that's what chances are |
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29:27 | that if you're not gonna um survived um I actually had a childhood friend |
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29:37 | to sunday night. Okay so uh to fool around. And uh anyway |
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29:45 | let's so the cerebral sponsor. That's one of the fluids you test |
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29:51 | if you suspect um this kind of . So here goes spinal fluid, |
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29:56 | particular for the cns spinal forward in brain and should be staring know or |
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30:04 | know microchip. So you of course a sample of that. That's what |
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30:07 | is spinal tap is about. Take of some of that fluid, put |
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30:10 | on the microscope and uh see if have the appearance of of these diplo |
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30:18 | cox land pairs. Okay. And be gram negative. Okay um frankly |
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30:27 | micro museum there's gonna be a red , right? But you know, |
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30:30 | is typically caused by the for my . Okay, so this is to |
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30:36 | you what what has to happen in of manages to occur is the passenger |
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30:42 | to cross this blood brain barrier. so you attacked your neurons as you |
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30:50 | enjoy. So think of this. there's your neurons, right? And |
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30:56 | kind of a layer like that. you have all these other kind of |
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30:59 | cells around it then you have course supply going to it. Here's a |
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31:04 | . Okay, so you have things astro sites glial cells with different types |
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31:12 | so of course cover the axons um and so they maintain a so if |
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31:18 | remember your actual potentials and how that occurs and moved my on. So |
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31:24 | want to have a particular type of that maintains that for optimal function uh |
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31:33 | that that anything of blood that can out and get to get to their |
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31:39 | . There's cells in between that will of uh Okay um so you know |
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31:47 | restrict the the the exposure to potentially chemicals. Right so so very restrictive |
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31:58 | and um so that's what the past to cross. This is what we |
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32:03 | the blood brain barrier. Okay and of course it has this mechanism the |
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32:12 | Neisseria meningitis called the it's called um a transitory this mechanism we talked about |
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32:20 | . Okay so it's able to um these okay proteins and the pill. |
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32:26 | first we have the loose adherence tight and the engulf mint and then crossing |
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32:32 | sea of the layer into other cells can potentially become a systemic infection but |
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32:39 | get into the C. N. . Okay and then that can cause |
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32:44 | course the inflammation response and the layers the brains and energies get inflamed and |
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32:50 | . Okay and so here is uh is these are neutral fields you see |
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32:57 | the weird lobe nucleus. They have here are the serial. Okay and |
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33:06 | again variety of factors. Very thick line. Um It can't resist complement |
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33:14 | as well. It has a phase and change the antigens as well. |
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33:20 | And here is a brain of a who died from meningitis. You see |
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33:24 | of the red splotchy things here. they pulled pulled there's a membrane that |
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33:28 | the brain that pull that apart and can see that cold brain tissue with |
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33:33 | splotches here and there. That's where work in the province occurring of |
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33:39 | leading to fatalities. Um And so reservoir again, like many of these |
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33:45 | we've been talking about our hugest um or more. I think more than |
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33:51 | actually carry the monetary formalism. Or area to be like. And |
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34:01 | and so when the attacks occurred, another human that was the source. |
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34:06 | . So close quarters. Alright. lead to transmission of this and in |
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34:12 | outbreak in fact. And so for reason um you know, getting the |
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34:18 | . Okay. Is the caps are ones are figure I don't even know |
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34:26 | but it's just cats or engines and uh I don't know. I think |
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34:33 | schools requirements. Okay. Um so there are people who do transmitted right |
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34:46 | so as it prevented. Alright. that's many. And so I should |
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34:54 | um This uh this this is the one cause effect permanent judges to instruct |
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35:03 | ammonia. Yeah And it's not that behind. Um and then there's a |
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35:09 | one that we're not gonna talk You know, that's him Oculus influenzae |
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35:14 | another 30 months so thoroughly cause of meningitis. Um And I and this |
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35:21 | slide I threw it. I don't to know it, but I just |
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35:23 | to show you an example of um using genealogical tests, there's a way |
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35:32 | rapid I. D. So many these infectious diseases we talked about are |
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35:37 | by this technique. So meningitis uh . We were just talking about that |
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35:45 | . It's and several others. And it's all based on having antibodies to |
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35:52 | agent, which which we have. . And so we created a little |
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35:57 | that has these beads. Okay. which the antibodies are fixed. |
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36:02 | so you see this is the fc and your body side here. |
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36:09 | So you have the beads to a containing disrespected pathogens. Okay. This |
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36:16 | be CSF for essential three of us . Okay, so here's a nice |
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36:22 | . And then if it's this is particular engine that matches, you |
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36:26 | find some of the nation's crumbling So it looks like this with your |
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36:31 | eye. Okay, so you do on like a slide. Typically you |
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36:35 | the two together and so a negative , you can see the appearance where |
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36:41 | kind of grainy clumpy appearance is occurring the glue donations occurring. If there's |
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36:48 | coordination, it kind of looks like . Okay, so you're in a |
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36:52 | of different uh variations of these different strains their engines. And here is |
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37:02 | marvelous influenza I um this is stretched probably um so these are the three |
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37:14 | and two meningitis strength. These these these are the main congress with bacterial |
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37:19 | these these types and so they're seeing one is is it? Okay so |
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37:25 | course they want it done. They're this directly from the CSF sample right |
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37:30 | . Doing a grand state because they have eliminated strep morphology office is also |
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37:38 | . But nevertheless so you don't need do that stuff when you take example |
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37:42 | you're anybody and the reaction and boom get a good result. Right? |
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37:47 | so it turns out that it's this particular variation clumping. Okay and it's |
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37:55 | positive control for that practice. So yeah you do this for all |
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38:00 | of infectious diseases that dramatically I. . And then of course then treat |
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38:07 | . Um Mark any what the answer that one is. Before we go |
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38:14 | questions? Lastly, the question I to say my guess is ah not |
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38:26 | because it's a capsule er engine within great in terms of immune response. |
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38:32 | But I'd say I can't do the . I want to say it's not |
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38:36 | be super long lasting. I would the monkey here Throughout college unless you're |
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38:41 | on a 10 year program. five guess I was going to be my |
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38:47 | . Perfect. So you're a freshman you graduate and not to worry about |
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38:52 | yeah that's for that because Canada this a It's probably aren't great but like |
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38:59 | said five years sounds about right. Yeah so for some schools they ask |
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39:07 | if you are about 35 years old don't have to take them to. |
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39:12 | . So is there an explanation for ? Um I well that tells me |
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39:20 | young people are more susceptible. Why it be more susceptible unless um we've |
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39:28 | exposed to it maybe more often and that has something to do with |
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39:32 | That'd be my guess let's say. you're not 35. No. |
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39:42 | Uh huh. Okay so all right we know what this guy has. |
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39:49 | not a bad mac doesn't have meningitis have it doesn't have texas. |
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39:56 | Uh This is actually a somebody famous . Um I was actually thinking |
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40:04 | Thank God I can't remember Exactly. anyway it's a soldier during forget which |
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40:11 | from the 1800s maybe in Napoleon's And uh just the effects of tetanus |
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40:20 | because oops yeah there we go. The uh the spasms are perfect throughout |
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40:29 | whole body um toes curling up. You can get so bad that you |
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40:37 | break it back in terms of this neuro toxic uh tetanus. Uh the |
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40:47 | and so you get these spasmodic contractions very forceful obviously as you can |
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40:53 | Um So it's quite actually in contrast what botulism toxin does both neurotoxins would |
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41:01 | like 180 in terms of of the . Okay. And they both worked |
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41:08 | motor neuron in different ways. Um another difference between botulism and tetanus botulism |
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41:18 | foodborne. So you get it from contended food you don't need to you |
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41:25 | need to have the self proliferate in body. It's a toxic toxin left |
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41:31 | the food that expects me. That's . And uh tennis by contrast is |
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41:39 | uh is found in soil. The is botulism but um technically requires a |
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41:46 | not, you know, part tightness a football. Okay, anyways let's |
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41:52 | on boxes um first. Um So it's from what we call improper canning |
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42:00 | . This is this is more this kind of record, rare, |
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42:04 | rare protected classes. It's More more part of the century, May 20 |
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42:14 | . It was probably a little more because people did a lot of their |
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42:17 | home canning and vegetables and fruits. uh so what happens is um the |
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42:26 | so things uh the food the you can or bottle with heavy um creating |
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42:35 | of the environment. Okay. But if those spores are in there, |
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42:40 | can grow in any anaerobic environment and toxic. Okay. Um do you |
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42:45 | about, well if you improperly canned , vegetables you pull out of the |
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42:49 | and that's gonna be that's the source the organism. If you don't use |
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42:53 | pressure pressure clipper essentially is not a . Okay if you know if it's |
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42:59 | it doesn't come to temperature properly then then you can those will survive and |
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43:03 | they can grow Germany and produce And so um the toxin in your |
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43:12 | with acetyl coa and so if you how that works right, it's most |
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43:20 | talk to your muscles through the release coding right neurotransmitter. And um the |
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43:29 | potential travels down the neuron to the on the net, releases the we're |
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43:35 | talks to the muscles and makes the contract. Okay so the neurotoxin the |
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43:42 | toxin interferes with the ability to release single column. Okay so here's kind |
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43:49 | how it works. So you have vesicles of at the end of the |
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43:56 | axon terrorists. And in that sort close up one of those festivals here |
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44:03 | will actually potential traveling down will lead this festival binding to a membrane surface |
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44:13 | and then initiates release of okay, don't have that level of detail for |
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44:19 | not expect you to tell me the potential is true. Um The point |
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44:25 | is that it's it's the it prevents toxin binds and then we'll be taken |
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44:32 | into psychosis and then prevents these vesicles releasing. Okay so so what happens |
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44:41 | there? So there's no communication So this thing could be getting stimulated |
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44:45 | the potential but these aren't being So this muscle negra response doesn't do |
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44:51 | . You know you have action potential to it. So they're still |
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44:55 | it's not getting out and they enable not able to bind to to the |
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45:01 | to cause contraction. Okay, so called flaccid paralysis. So the muscle |
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45:07 | to contract, getting a certain number kink because the silicone is not getting |
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45:11 | . Okay, so actually said yeah die basically or tetanus through the same |
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45:20 | because either the diaphragm diagrams closed contracts pulls down your it belongs to create |
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45:29 | negative pressure for error coming right? also of course your heart's a muscle |
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45:34 | it contracts as well but particularly respiratory . But here the diaphragm can't contract |
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45:42 | contracts spasmodically, it didn't work as happens in texas. So respiratory distress |
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45:50 | course puts strain on the heart as . They didn't need to congestive heart |
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45:55 | um that obviously um it's just because muscles want to contract. Can't |
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46:02 | So this facet paralysis in contrast to um uh tetanus. Okay so let |
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46:12 | just hear it Say one thing. technician botulism Australia, grand positive um |
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46:22 | goes for a walk. Okay uh of clustering is the one that can |
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46:28 | in general conditions. Okay. Doesn't oxygen. In fact we killed |
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46:34 | Right? So anaerobic gram positive Okay, forming those sports. |
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46:41 | Um so this is just again I'm gonna ask you about reflex action but |
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46:46 | just kind of uh drag your memory um how muscles skeleton muscles um |
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46:56 | Right, so here is the new response. Right? So we stimulate |
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47:03 | we will have contraction of the quadriceps top. All right. Because contracting |
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47:11 | will move just like up in But if we're going to do that |
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47:15 | need to contract this quadriceps muscle but at the same time, relax the |
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47:22 | , right? That's opposing. So oppose each other. Right? And |
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47:27 | when it contracts one relaxes and so have to have neurons going to both |
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47:32 | groups uh communicating these instructions. In . So you have back here in |
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47:40 | in the spinal cord you'll have these so you'll have called inter neurons that |
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47:47 | act in an inhibitory way way. . To prevent contraction of the |
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47:54 | Alright. Degree into neuron that kind accident in an inhibitory way. So |
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48:01 | a particular neurotransmitters that are meant to inhibitory and some that are excitatory. |
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48:09 | ? So so that that result is single let's activate, contract this hamstring |
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48:17 | party and then uh inhibitory neurotransmitter over to allow this thing to relax and |
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48:26 | contract. So so the working Right? So attentiveness screws that |
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48:31 | Right? So the tetanus interferes with inhibitory very transmit. All right, |
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48:37 | you don't get these smooth rooms, get these kind of spasmodic movements. |
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48:43 | , So look at tetanus toxin. , so again um grant consular |
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48:51 | Okay and the sport former and um to a puncture wound you always hear |
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48:59 | on a rusty nail. Get that . Right? So um see something |
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49:05 | something has in soil that's contaminated you on it or whatever. Get punctual |
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49:12 | enter your system at the point of was the damage to move it could |
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49:18 | now that tissue there and that can to an anaerobic environment that then will |
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49:24 | these things to delivery. Okay because and so production toxin occurs which then |
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49:33 | to travel of these uh peripheral Okay and up here to these inhibitory |
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49:42 | . So Gabba short waiting for Gabba a inhibitory neurotransmitter. Okay. And |
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49:52 | uh so basically it blocks the effects that. They chopped it up. |
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49:57 | so detectives basman is kind of a it chops up agana so it can't |
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50:04 | . And so you look at the messages to produce these small contractions. |
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50:09 | get it ends up being a spasmodic of contraction. Right? And so |
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50:16 | so that's the kind of control contraction you the typical things happen. The |
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50:22 | right? Doesn't contract properly. Don't properly. That can be done to |
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50:28 | failure with talent. Right so um course vaccine for tetanus. Okay to |
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50:37 | the effects of the vaccine will bind techno spazz and then that basically neutralizes |
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50:45 | find the part itself and you don't the effects of disease. Of |
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50:49 | Okay Not surprisingly both botulism and tetanus both being neurotoxins. There is some |
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50:59 | to and they both work on motor in different ways. So probably not |
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51:04 | that the post That's something you 30 40%. Okay. But again |
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51:11 | the incidences of boxes um Yeah, country in one year You can probably |
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51:18 | on one hand uh Tekken is probably little more but we have and of |
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51:23 | the vaccine to prevent any kind of great talent. You don't have the |
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51:30 | , right? But I assume they have any toxin, eat it. |
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51:35 | But uh um yeah so it's kind like the bottom left of the diagram |
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51:49 | . And then yeah so the Croesus what leads to the necrosis means tissue |
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51:56 | . And then that creates a situation they can become anaerobic in that |
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52:02 | And necrotic tissue doesn't, it's not up necrotic tissue, dead tissue. |
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52:06 | it's not taking up any other And so that's what creates the end |
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52:10 | the So the closest created and general which allows 2-plus 3 to grow. |
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52:17 | so I'm talking about the actual correct tissue that is infected is is dead |
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52:26 | time and that's a provider. Yeah. Um When you get to |
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52:32 | point where you have, I feel at that point where you have like |
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52:36 | and everything. Is there like any chance? Um I would say um |
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52:47 | can't understand you're not going to say probably not good. But what if |
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52:53 | didn't if you if you haven't been um If you've been fascinated, should |
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52:58 | progressed in that fashion. But if not vaccinated. Yeah it's gonna |
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53:03 | Yeah. You're probably living on borrowed . Sure. But you can probably |
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53:08 | sure university clinic and a half antitoxin shot. Uh Well what's the point |
|
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53:14 | no return in terms of how long didn't escape until you get. |
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53:20 | Question back there process that. Now the process is in the |
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53:30 | So yeah it's it's just uh whenever see a term in the process process |
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53:36 | with death death within the tissue. this. Yeah. Yeah. |
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53:43 | Um Yeah. And necrosis. That's you're gonna be a medical school. |
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53:48 | the term. You will not hear lot. But it's a it's one |
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53:51 | the medical terms necrosis necrotic tissue which dead tissue. Dead cells. |
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53:57 | Um The, okay so the stereo is um this is a common environmental |
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54:08 | founded. White white spread. Um danger of the stereo sis is more |
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54:17 | so much for those of us with healthy immune systems. You're likely to |
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54:25 | if you if you're one that eats nice to eat what we call ready |
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54:29 | eat foods, processed foods like salamis maloney's and pans and um other types |
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54:37 | foods like that. You probably Listeriosis just didn't know it. But |
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54:43 | like stomach upset. You got over , right? Uh I'm pretty sure |
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54:49 | know I had this very moment of because I I do some of those |
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54:55 | , but I don't pay attention to things, so I know I probably |
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54:59 | a few times okay, now I get to gross about it, all |
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55:03 | , if it smells okay, which my wife nuts, of course, |
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55:09 | goes, she seems to be quite opposite. It's something that we can |
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55:13 | expiration and she throws it out, I'm like the buffer, I have |
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55:16 | keep that. So anyway, the but it's so again, how do |
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55:24 | journey? Okay, But it's pregnant actually to deny it to this. |
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55:31 | . Um So what is this? it's a uh grand positive rod. |
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55:39 | is motile, interesting. It's It's outside the body, but when it |
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55:45 | inside the body of 37C, it some of its motility. Um But |
|
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55:51 | , it's it's actually widely distributed in environment. It's um um again, |
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55:59 | mild G. I tract flu like at worst for most of us, |
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56:05 | again, the credit woman had to hard to look at my daughter in |
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56:12 | has is pregnant and she's absolutely not any kind of processed foods uh keeping |
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56:20 | because it's not alright. So if just, you know, hysteric attendant |
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56:28 | might not do anything to you, relatively mild symptoms, but those they |
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56:32 | cross the placenta and infected baby. it's it's attributed to a good percentage |
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56:39 | uh still bursts are due to the um the it can produce meningitis. |
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56:51 | It's probably number four on the list think in terms of causes of |
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56:57 | Um the uh let's look here. the various factors. So it is |
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57:03 | of these, Okay, it's a hated Beatrice Tyler parasite. So you |
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57:09 | and inside cell right, has the , you can you can get some |
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57:13 | the cell from the immune system. It can then travel through other cells |
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57:18 | penetrate deeper into the body. Um has um it can do the acting |
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57:26 | phenomenon here. So the senate, motile, not motile at the body |
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57:34 | . But if you move around through , act in uh telling yourself with |
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57:38 | act in clintonization mechanism as you see um it does have a number of |
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57:46 | types of various factors and also remember . So this is something that enables |
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57:53 | to break apart some membrane protein. it doesn't have a collection of various |
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58:00 | . The main thing, unique thing this one. His okay, and |
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58:07 | that's why, you know, these processed foods like your bolognese and hands |
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58:11 | salons and keep in the fridge, ? They can maintain themselves for quite |
|
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58:16 | while and he would grow at that . So if you look at Uh |
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58:22 | know, here is -20 And here's right? So you can see this |
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58:29 | 1234 launch of growth. It's not , you know, it's about three |
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58:37 | . But you think about uh you , you keep food in the fridge |
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58:40 | a while, right? If you beyond the exploration, they can certainly |
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58:43 | can be some growth and current. say any kind of processed food that |
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58:48 | like a slimy layer on, throw out. Okay. Um but the |
|
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58:56 | . It's not growing but it's not or just don't deserve any viable. |
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59:01 | quite a hearty organization project. Uh not. Call from seven years |
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|
59:12 | No ice cream factory having Brown an of the studio where there were fatalities |
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59:21 | with it. Um So contaminated ice turned out to be the of |
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|
59:25 | if you're dealing with making ice cream you have a pathogen, a fruit |
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59:30 | pattern that can move and you cold temps, that's kind of to |
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59:34 | inappropriate storm. If you're not if not careful in terms of cleaning equipment |
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59:40 | disinfected and that's what the outbreak is to. Was this holy that that |
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59:46 | would put their product and when they and then with that package. And |
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59:52 | the parts where the spigot was dispensing that was contaminated and so Mysterio was |
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59:59 | in there. So um Anyway, we get the proper disinfection that it |
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60:06 | minimize the effects of this. but growing aloe tent that's uh that's |
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60:11 | of those features. Alright well you remember that. All right. Ah |
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60:17 | . So all right. So the infection so again for most of us |
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60:23 | probably more likely begins and ends with mild G. I. Tract upset |
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60:27 | that much. Okay. But it if you're pretending to food because of |
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60:32 | gut can potentially cross that uh the wall through being an invasive type of |
|
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60:42 | . Get to lift loads of Uh sepsis of course against the |
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60:49 | Get delivered and screen. Um uh this is of course causing the worst |
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60:55 | huh symptoms like I said for most us it it mainly ends right |
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61:02 | It gets that bad. Okay but in some cases we can't get this |
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61:07 | uh can cause meningitis or infected brain more so this effect here, that's |
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61:13 | pregnant mothers have to watch out for meeting these kinds of foods crossing that |
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61:18 | and then affecting the infant. In , so again it's I want to |
|
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61:23 | it's Something like 10% more than have burst or for the kids. Uh |
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61:32 | . Um The uh prevention of course sanitize the food services in contact with |
|
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61:41 | refrigerator and less than forgeries. It's . Um So uh any questions about |
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|
61:49 | yet does he kill it? I he will. Yeah. Yeah. |
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61:56 | if if you but but it's but don't really necessarily heat these processed |
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62:03 | you know, like, like you're well. Oh no. Okay. |
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62:13 | but yeah, it's salami and things that, but he will kill |
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62:19 | Uh what's the difference between academia and ? Okay, so um so factory |
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|
62:29 | is a bacteria that advantage your blood spreading sepsis. I think if we |
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62:37 | both the cells themselves or it can toxin is traveling through Okay. And |
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62:44 | as can be uh not sure their due to bacterial types with the other |
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62:48 | of market as well, but you have what's called the fire India that's |
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|
62:52 | the blood as well. Didn't get in terms of the type of microbe |
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62:55 | causing the substance I think also covers just the cells but also the toxins |
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|
63:03 | Okay, yep. Okay, rabies. Okay, so rabies um |
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63:14 | is a viral disease. I'm not we all know uh RNA virus uh |
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63:23 | 60 plus occupiers anyway, it doesn't . So this does lead to uh |
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63:32 | not at all what it's called which is more inflammation, not of |
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|
63:38 | , but really have natural brain tissue . Okay, that's underneath those. |
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63:45 | and so it's a great breeze guards really honest on the smaller size of |
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|
63:50 | spectrum, like in the 20 nanometer , I think it's very tiny. |
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|
63:56 | like a little bullet almost. So rabies. Okay, it's a kind |
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64:01 | showing you a uh process of disease . So of course you attract contract |
|
|
64:07 | , A human would from the bite another animal. Right? So this |
|
|
64:10 | one of zoonotic diseases. There's a of mammals scariness. Uh, this |
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|
64:19 | can be a little misleading, but didn't cause. So humans require |
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|
64:25 | Well, timmy here from which It's not captured dogs. That's, |
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|
64:31 | , yeah, that's, is the one cause of rabies in humans. |
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|
64:36 | , so cats and dogs because most owners get their cats and dogs |
|
|
64:42 | So yes, they think we are source for rabies. Uh, when |
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64:49 | get, if you get hit Uh, so rabies, it's |
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64:54 | good thing. I guess I want say, good thing about it is |
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64:57 | can try great foods. You've got good while. Weeks before bad things |
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65:03 | to have. So you've got plenty time to get treatment right? So |
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65:08 | a bit, of course don't take chances and wait. But you do |
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65:13 | time right by economy be a month you get. But, but, |
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65:20 | having said that if you begin to the, uh, the effects of |
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65:24 | disease, mm hmm. Then he forget that he has of survival or |
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65:31 | rare, you get ready one case one or two people survived that we're |
|
|
65:35 | where it's gone into like these later , but pretty much your lights out |
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|
65:40 | it progresses into your central nervous right? And experienced things like convulsions |
|
|
65:46 | these other weird behaviors I'll mention in second. But so let's start with |
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|
65:51 | bike, right? So bite in ankle, lower extremities like that. |
|
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65:57 | The generally the dose of viruses in initial bite is not high. |
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66:05 | so you have that coupled with the kind of muscle or connective tissue and |
|
|
66:10 | virus really doesn't multiplies very slowly. , so at least we were buying |
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|
66:16 | at this stage. Okay. And uh of course the virus is in |
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66:21 | saliva, the salivary glands of the animal. And so it will begin |
|
|
66:29 | uh and they're good after several Okay. But let's say 3-4 |
|
|
66:35 | Okay. I have some actual numbers , let's see. Um Yeah, |
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66:44 | it can be uh the whole process you don't get treated. Thanks from |
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66:49 | to he died. That could be of only two months. Okay. |
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66:55 | you have the initial probably 4-6 weeks it's completely true. Okay. And |
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67:02 | the now the bite, if you bit in the hands or face though |
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67:07 | can be assured. And your baking I'm guessing because the the prevalence of |
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67:14 | peripheral nerves greater I think probably our face and it is that I can |
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67:19 | down to the ankles or something like . But but nevertheless um you |
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67:24 | actually progress is rather slowly. So so that you can actually get a |
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67:30 | and that's and that's part of the after you get it. Um and |
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67:35 | uh but once it gets into the nerves and let it migrate into your |
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67:42 | nervous system. Okay. And the two types of rabies you see here |
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67:50 | furious rabies and parallel. Okay, rate. This is what you typically |
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67:57 | with what you see in dogs. . Kind of a very anxious, |
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68:03 | bitey, bitey. Okay, very . Okay. Um the very |
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68:11 | okay paralytic rabies is also often called dum, dum dumbfounded kind of, |
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68:19 | don't know where it's at. That's what cats experiences paralytic rabies. And |
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68:25 | but if you get close enough to it, biology. Okay. That's |
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68:32 | on the part of the virus, ? That's the behavior that wants to |
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68:37 | this bible behavior because that's how it itself. Okay, so you'll get |
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68:41 | weird symptom of eventually here. Uh seems on the previous slide. |
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68:49 | this one. Okay, this right , the hydra phobia. Okay, |
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68:55 | what happens is um and again this when this virus is now and you're |
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69:01 | yourself and services to experience this. so your mouth, you have this |
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69:08 | of water actually quite strange. So you have these spasms in the earth |
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69:13 | you're draw in your neck because the has gotten to the salary. And |
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69:20 | you want to you have a feeling thirst, debris thursday. Okay. |
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69:25 | yet were repelled by water. Very and that's how that virus you know |
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69:32 | her formula the mouth. That's kind where it comes from these spasms accumulation |
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69:37 | saliva in the mouth. But then that's how and reduces the bite of |
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69:44 | that form of these ratings viruses. so they get transmitted. All right |
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69:50 | but if you're experiencing this, yes to like you. Okay so you |
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69:58 | to this is this is what happens you know 7-8 weeks. Okay by |
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70:04 | chances of survival are pretty much next nothing. But before then. Okay |
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70:11 | can the vaccine because not yet gotten the central nervous once in the second |
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70:20 | system is pretty much you can't get . So everybody's are characteristic in terms |
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70:30 | diagnosis. So you look at the of infected animals, brain tissues of |
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70:37 | animals of course I need you to the animal down to do this. |
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70:42 | see if you do one of these I. D. Tests like I |
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70:45 | mentioned before with the body engine tests you you can look for these characteristic |
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70:52 | neurons are these negative blinds especially this apart. So you know where the |
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70:56 | is going to Bruce proteins assembled and that. So you can sometimes see |
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71:02 | collected in these what are called negative right in the neurons and that's characteristic |
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71:07 | this disease. Um And so in of treatment so pre pre exposure, |
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71:16 | prophylaxis. Okay so you can get injection of vaccine, it will uh |
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71:25 | can work on the virus and everything uh Of course before it's gotten into |
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71:31 | central nervous system. Uh post exporters get a uh that's uh that's the |
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71:39 | um I appreciate it. Quite passive . Right? So just injecting pure |
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71:45 | the rabies into the body. You also work. And so uh so |
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71:50 | get both face a series of four 5 shots over. Forget it. |
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71:57 | it's it's what you do. It's completely treatable. People that die from |
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72:02 | activities each year are not that great because you can get treatment pretty |
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72:07 | Um So any questions about rabies. . How would you know? It's |
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72:15 | . Yeah. Treatment seems like you buy something like a lot of people |
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72:20 | not even know. It's uh you got bit but you're not aware |
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72:29 | it. I mean, that's just luck. You're not unless because once |
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72:37 | start forgetting these kind of symptoms, pretty much to like so, you |
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72:42 | , that's if you get bit, know, I I would say you |
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72:46 | on the side of caution and just to get the shots. You don't |
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72:50 | around with that. I mean you some time. But uh yeah, |
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72:55 | want to. I mean people do you can get back to the |
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72:59 | The vaccine is really only for those are at high risk. So they |
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73:07 | usually have to get vaccines and that is the public Yeah. You were |
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73:10 | as a publisher just to get the and over could you be immune device |
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73:14 | like animals? Uh Yeah. I think the vaccine is that great year |
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73:22 | it's rabies virus, you can actually my regular basis kind of prickly. |
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73:30 | so vaccines, a vaccine you get not last that long. So I |
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73:35 | know if it would be that That's why they only restricted to certain |
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73:40 | and they probably get regularly who stood on it. Uh So I would |
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73:46 | no, it's part of the Yeah. Yeah. Go ahead. |
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74:06 | . In the early stages you Um I think it's still because it's |
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74:12 | antibody tests were pretty sensitive so I that you can definitely detect it. |
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74:17 | mean if you think of uh I so because it still will be effective |
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74:22 | it can be pretty sensitive in terms detecting. Did you get that? |
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74:29 | . Hey folks, thank you. uh we'll see you. Well, |
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74:35 | guess I like you or somebody out if you want. Uh No more |
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74:39 | more virtual stuff after listening after is . Thank goodness. Okay, |
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74:50 | Alright. I'll be coordinating it Of course. Sure. |
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