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GEOL6358 Terrigenous Depositional System - Day6 10-09-2021-Part2
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00:00 So we're almost so uh Right, take what we've done which is looking
00:10 they effects of ways special on programming began to think about how that might
00:23 ties as well, how those sedimentary might be put into different settings.
00:31 one of the ways of if you , subdivide the uh set of coastal
00:40 , they think of them as uh versus regressive. Now when you do
00:52 regressions can occur Strand plains, coastal Dell and probably so we must be
01:01 of those three weeks less upset. we also see strand planes and pilots
01:11 in rigorous percent. I'm sorry And it's also in the transfer saying
01:18 we have estuary. I know way and barrier islands. Now this particular
01:36 holds well for the relative impact. , it's not quite as useful when
01:46 think about transgression in bigger rations perspective well because they've seen there are barrier
01:55 mainly transgress and also in the regressed . And he said that certainly
02:06 Uh huh. The first cut. you think about these? Yeah.
02:12 sense. Yeah. So here's our playing, Here's our barrier out.
02:19 so one of these you talk about first lecture first was what's controlling this
02:28 appropriation. Let me think about barrier , particularly picking things well. So
02:39 talked about procreation. And so remember could also be thought of as a
02:45 regression. We could talk about trance systems. And we also talked about
02:55 or less stable, vertically increasing. . So we know that the difference
03:02 these three different ideas is a function accommodation. Space wave energy and set
03:08 supply. So we're gonna take our basic model and then yeah,
03:18 So let's look at our basic essentially uh face she's associations that we get
03:25 out H 2 0 trapped hard That type of bill that sometimes stand
03:36 line and you notice at the bottom that the secrets boundary and then a
03:46 ravine surface. We're not gonna talk much about this is his hero right
03:55 . So we already talked about Sequence away this pattern three.
04:04 so are you gonna do that very sent into big titles? Oh
04:18 So that Mhm. Compare very around crystal. These very next energy said
04:31 . Lastly I'm reminded that and it's to increase those. Its weight
04:43 Uh we get a transition uh touch title. They five years do not
04:56 objects a good example. Um Away dead setting would be initial model based
05:08 texas coach. And then we're gonna at a higher title influences. Uh
05:14 we look at the big center jane the Carolina. So if we think
05:20 holocene barrier arms, I'll get at for comparison Galveston. Uh kyla and
05:29 Carolina. Lola paul Oregon and the more suit. So let's first of
05:36 look at the texas coast and it a microscopic It says here namely andros
05:45 you don't already taken and more we'll be looking at ghosts in our
05:55 the town inlets to the north which all roads south side of these
06:02 Yeah, we don't separate Galveston all transgresses the law bolivar peninsula. So
06:15 get this area right in here in middle part we see whole series regressive
06:26 and we had this process. This done by shell. Uh remember shell
06:31 the mid fifties gave us our barrier are Brazos river point bar mom.
06:40 they also is the Galveston island Uh huh. So what happened when
06:49 those L. S. U. moved to shell and Exxon? The
06:54 people basically said, okay we've got on across this river in Galveston and
07:03 Exxon people said we're going to keep felt. So what we found is
07:08 three main deposition models that were created the 50s really got the idea of
07:14 systems going or shell Brossel shell, Exxon Mississippi. And we still use
07:23 today is a good starting point. what we found was that if you
07:29 at in this case core and surface apology. This treaty. We are
07:35 could envision this thing migrating y'all they 3500. Yeah those little um but
07:44 went from weather sand which is basically sandwich laminated sand. Yeah the girl
07:53 . The innovative santa. So this here. Well and more specifically one
08:02 sea level down is gonna be our face. Yeah. Now,
08:08 Also there's a there's a trump patient . And these new triggers are truncated
08:18 erosion surface and then followed by harboured . So even within this one
08:26 we're seeing changes in regression. A bit of a pause or even erosion
08:35 regression. That's just over three or years. So when we look at
08:42 sand body, it's going to be elongated shoestring sand terminated on either end
08:51 title. And let's let's kind of something like this. This is a
08:56 ft 10 m 40 ft uh ice pat. This is Matagorda Island.
09:07 . What Galloway has done is kind looked at the simplified dialog for different
09:14 . So one right? That is coarsening of the saviors of what we
09:24 talked about playing soft. Yeah. offshore muds lower shore face up with
09:33 friends. Now, clearly there's some things involved in what we just talked
09:41 . For example, if you look here backs up to get it very
09:48 . It's all for the first Talk about how big then you get
09:55 here when he passed, you have see why we migrated here. It
10:07 two firing up. So this suggests even in the simplest of violence,
10:17 got some distinct fishy components. Now we get to Kyla, which is
10:28 message. I'm very comfortable. We these shorter third bombs. Mhm more
10:41 linda associated because the time ranges That and the beach ridges still shows
10:57 Siegler but there's also standing it's going be uh sometimes call uh huh
11:10 I'll show better example that way. on the other side of the atlantic
11:16 they also have this that's my that this uh, optimist. So,
11:28 now is maybe just hired Uh, patient that occurs at about 25
11:38 That is about the age of the Galveston. I saw you count
11:43 There's a lot all over the Uh, we get some discontinuities in
11:50 regressive sequences suggesting changes in either the of said on the spot which or
12:00 in your static sealing. Which would okay. So let's look at their
12:05 got again for four pro grading out there to that starts in about 40
12:12 , wow. So the offshore, just like we're just like,
12:18 it's not. There are some difference sell. And argument is you need
12:24 take six kids. So the first we see is that someone has not
12:32 out as far as you all of sudden appropriated for one short 2nd thing
12:41 look at. Yes. The Um the short face. Well 86
12:56 every time I see we're here. . And it sits down to 10
13:05 with Thomas Watson. So in addition the plan view shape is being
13:13 The rate of pro gradations been less the thickness of the short faced
13:21 So can you, can you think at least one possible explanation for why
13:28 shouldn't pro grade it less and for the short face should be thick.
13:39 it again. Okay. What would 75 to do it? That's how
13:48 that explain these the difference. So close to people. Well,
14:10 about what is close to, how sediment supply effect eastern which has the
14:20 seven supply. So you're suggesting that great problem is because the great great
14:29 supply and that's a possibility. But that explain the fix? Yeah.
14:48 . Well, in each case it be assumed that because it's the same
14:54 of time that cilla was the So let's assume that the last 3500
15:04 the sea level has changed between south . We're going to keep constantly.
15:14 you're right. That is a very , what else might change?
15:30 Well, what determines the thickness of show face accumulation? Right. Does
15:38 , how does accumulation rate effect Well, if you have more sediment
15:49 a short period of time, if could have a big reception.
15:55 when you just have a fire True the storm. Say it
16:03 Things that start. Okay, extended crumbs in the papers uh to structure
16:12 there is more stark city. Uh fills up higher if they really seven
16:22 seems to work Well. Uh Launch for griff certainly reasons for sentence
16:32 that's a fact thickness. Remember because Senators six We got playing combination.
16:41 the problem is why it shortly stop 16 year An extended 1:30 minutes.
16:53 the wave face. Okay so how the way base that didn't sure face
17:01 this was facing an open atlantic. this is the gulf of Mexico.
17:06 . And therefore therefore the currents are and deep wave base is lower.
17:12 in developed exactly exactly what you're looking is really two factors. One of
17:19 is the rate of settlement spot. the other thing is the storm wave
17:27 remember the face of the sean face assumed to be coincident with the storm
17:37 . The atlantic has bigger storms. that also could account for why it
17:45 appropriated his fault because the wave So what we need to do is
17:51 at global wave cut. And here is a little more Latitude in all
18:03 that is to say we've got the waves here. 40 content. Well
18:13 ways conditions look over here. Open large facts. It's store swellings then
18:24 don't protect and a focus is So would assume that uh a combination of
18:35 ways we can also in time. deeper way base might explain the difference
18:45 the same time interval, constant sea . Why the width and thickness of
18:53 two barrier island sands but different. yeah I was Tabled way lower.
19:07 , what it is, is it that the reworking of sediments becomes saying
19:12 extends younger about six weeks. And therefore you're not going to get sam
19:18 with mainly sand below 16. So that sand comes in? But it's
19:27 comes in. It's only going to six million dvds the way bases,
19:33 sand. Yeah, it also the amounts of rivers. Does it matter
19:42 the trinity of browsing? Well, main source of sediment to bury her
19:50 to what the Galveston island is actually like the Mississippi and eroding headlights.
20:01 of the sand that's transported by the and the santa santa is trapped within
20:07 estuary informing they had delta. Oh, so let's look at first
20:14 all, mm hmm. Yeah, listen again. This is a
20:21 This was a kid. This is interpretation of your face. Only one
20:33 that's fair weather and weakness. Lower shore face extends to about six
20:40 7 m. That storm rages now that that they are just said in
20:52 . Yeah. Well, the short now It's almost 70 accepts. So
21:02 times he said because they're more than basis and same thing. Lips Storm
21:10 face down to 1718 vs six. the same vertical sequence holes and way
21:23 their scale differences because the differences. wait time and more specifically differences in
21:32 . Fairweather way things. It started things. Exactly. Mhm.
21:42 Now let's take a third island. the third barrier on this is going
21:45 be up here in Washington. Welcome . And it's a much coarser grain
21:55 brady. Well for sure. All right, thanks. probably about
22:03 km in the same period of time the others all it's a little less
22:11 of Galveston, little twice as much high. But what I wanted to
22:24 never pick it up import. It's than four is greater than Mhm.
22:37 this is just gpr Now, what looking at here, just focus on
22:52 , we're looking at to that. huh. But the main factor is
22:59 that it's up in that area of law enforcement. Remember where really big
23:05 are. So this is a very energy coast. So they're particularly uh
23:16 is there. And that's why the thing singles the fair weather way
23:31 We need seven m. That compares about the same. And so,
23:43 weather way base is not your It's time. The other thing is
23:52 also adjacent to the Columbia Room In Columbia River. So it's getting a
23:59 of seven think pumped in from the . So it has higher. Uh
24:09 sediment supply. So it's probably more spite of the fact of the whole
24:17 every work. So we've got three examples to suggest uh Three different ways
24:26 which faith is not for short And the extensive program station may have
24:37 during the same matter of time. so this is in part we're going
24:48 be used to try to create Program creation can creature no special.
24:58 going to look at those very I had to see that.
25:01 don't wave climate becomes very important. so one of the problems is when
25:07 start looking at this, not in , honor. It have to
25:15 Mhm. What is our model? just see love in Turkey, trying
25:23 predict the geometry of these patterns? gradation. Not just what sea level
25:31 , but what is said in a to and what is wave climate?
25:40 sea level being constant for those previous examples should significant variations. Indeed extent
25:49 offshore from radiation and the thickness. , you need to know weekly
26:01 You need to know not only water , but way from an in sediment
26:07 . In pretentious if you're going to modeling prosthesis barrier out. So don't
26:17 Kyla is a model for Galveston, from modern kiowa or Oregon.
26:26 Yeah. Now, if we look some reason I'm missing my North
26:38 Uh Yeah, we've been mainly talking that short face vertically arsenal.
26:51 but we can look at the architectural in different parts of that sand
26:56 You can subsidize Uh huh The barrier . Sure. Face together. Probably
27:06 David got laterally not. So he wash over fans and very flat.
27:15 type of work because channels? usually by itself. Sure.
27:28 So let's look at some of those components. So here we have in
27:31 wave dominated system. Karnal India sentiment coming down the Black Sea is
27:41 It's coming this direction becomes in through to ask. This was packed out
27:53 us this morning. Good job. again, sand accumulation important expect and
28:06 . I'm ready. Does this different up safe Siles suggesting that there's fairly
28:20 symmetrical exchange of water and that's usually of low title conditions. When we
28:30 into this next house, we get frequent and weapons the appetite I will
28:40 it archer argued. They tend to a little harder to distinguished the United
28:54 car because we have a lot of in time. It so this would
29:03 a mixed title. Uh, Now one of the other things to
29:11 is that here's our have interest fine at all with a lot of
29:22 That's the tired of shame. A kind of offshore of self you very
29:40 see here, Yeah, that down officer tends to tell you the direction
29:54 long term on your wrist. And reason for that has to do with
30:08 fraction This title an inlet right I'm sorry, this title delta right
30:17 . That's true. The frac waves of coming more or less head on
30:27 bet. And so there's actually an around the reverse running here. So
30:42 ways begin to pile up what that . It gives you a deposition alot
30:55 . And then I said, and so that in turn gives us
31:05 , baldness shape on the down drift of the late meeting function then the
31:18 district. Well, sunny destination, you are uh because any currently Now
31:36 8 uh this reverse trip, uh better to diffraction and refraction on the
31:46 side. So we're coming shadows lower . But they're only getting benched around
32:01 Yeah, right. Well, because so it's only than that or this
32:11 . It's not, it doesn't have hear. So what we look at
32:22 this unstable zone here. And if right look more carefully, we can
32:31 see that in Galveston now in this case. Here is the Yeah,
32:45 1860s GM Tree of Galveston Flood Thailand . Okay. And so we're looking
32:57 sediment water that's coming in here out , depositing this protected low here.
33:11 here's our drumstick now, as the are moving in this direction, this
33:25 here is migrating and filling in the length. So there's a recurve spit
33:32 , there's filling the endless. This what that Rickards bit might look like
33:39 the down drift side. We're going call the spit platform. So we'll
33:44 that we look at the inlet But before we do, I want
33:49 look at a little more specifically is happening within the active inland. Here's
33:56 long short transport sentence and it moves the bay by a marginal flood
34:07 What's this? Right here? It then, is that caused it
34:16 and then is also marginal flood channel the other side, that's where the
34:25 is the debt backwards, right And then the water leaves by a
34:32 of deep channels. It then deposits f channel delta. And then you'll
34:44 see some breakers causing these squash bars you drive over the bridge at somebody's
34:57 , for example, you'll often see line of breakers along in here because
35:03 waves breaking on that present IQ entitled . So, I've got flood dominated
35:13 here in a major abdominal channel there it looks kind of like this flood
35:24 flood as the water entering. And there's a deep channel that comes
35:30 here's a load and these are those smaller stores. Okay, now,
35:38 see that exact same thing here, to look more carefully. There's a
35:43 flood channel here. So, chin and here's the deep. Yeah.
35:52 then when you look at that we'll see these flash bars.
35:59 So, this model shown here in upper left is actually a pretty good
36:07 for even gallops tonight. Now, island, more specifically bob Rhodes has
36:18 unusually large eB title belt, in , it wasn't supposed to be this
36:25 . So we started looking at and reason is with Galveston, there's a
36:33 large pay council and although the title isn't very large, if you look
36:39 the title fluctuation when particularly when storms in hurricane, a lot of our
36:51 actually been trying to find a picture scene hurricane harvey you flush it sediment
37:00 water. So the large talent prison big storms immediately have an extra
37:14 Now if we look at the epic delta, I'm sorry flood it's pretty
37:26 down here. It's still living in the and counter bells is much smaller
37:35 the reason is much smaller. Is not much tire risk that's going through
37:40 . Most of the water in Galveston comes through. But look at this
37:53 short title we got the floodwaters coming here and in here we've got the
38:10 flow coming out here. Now, our recurve spit, here's where that
38:27 channel is today. This spit has from here to hear repeated hurricanes tend
38:41 breach it and or river breaches it in migrants. So what we can
38:47 is that all along this portion of peninsula is a title inlet film not
38:56 pro grading shore like Phil. So of having this offshore, there are
39:07 dip orientation. If we look at strike orientation that pro rating in the
39:15 underlies a lot of that spent for . In fact we find that title
39:27 the fill comprises from 30 to 85 way dominated build which is say most
39:36 the vertical section may not be pro barrier out. It may be reworked
39:42 migrating title in. So really I to understand how that is different than
39:48 we just described as pro grading way . Sure. So here we have
39:59 very vertically exaggerated don inlet fill in and then here we have here where
40:11 inlet was completely abandoned filled and then set there's lateral Phil has to stop
40:23 . So what does that feel look ? Well we can together pretty good
40:31 for it. You'll be personal. realized that I don't know that chance
40:37 going to be very far screen. channels, maximum flow, it's going
40:42 be in the direction from the main . The center its deepest is the
40:51 . You're also I said you have much water coming coming out. It's
40:56 a second. The water is coming . It's coming in on smaller,
41:02 shallow blood dominated channel. It raised deeper, more narrow engine. So
41:12 channel physical have a grab on my on and it's going to have a
41:19 channel which will show title bundles but be mainly Dominy as the great often
41:30 have services, shallow channel let it down and again. Now I want
41:39 keep then on top of that Now we're getting that programming still call
41:46 script. Okay. And that is a little coarser places here.
41:57 Give cat. I should. So is period, you know, you
42:08 grand plain suit. So from Southeast and here is a Yeah. three
42:24 into here here. And that's just what we saw in Mexico older
42:33 Yeah. And then qualified prophecy levels class estuary. A younger programs.
42:45 you wanna get compartmentalizes that. if we look into here, this
42:53 treaty in his apartment, this portion we have it where remarks in this
43:08 an example that natural migration underlying that all. So if you think about
43:21 continuity for strand playing, it's pretty that offshore there's a lot of variability
43:37 the barrier island is not so laterally . There's a lot of segmentation between
43:46 of creating so brady battery is carrying a list immediately seven. There are
43:55 lot of offshore variations. When we at this title, I'm sorry.
44:05 we look at where the goes into flood title belt, you get this
44:14 dominated areas here. We've got floodwaters to speak opposite flood pockets.
44:27 If he works back into Yeah, on. So you see a lot
44:36 split it. Um, the water going. Yeah. So if you
44:48 right in here, we actually see changed. Yeah. F channel from
44:57 here, it's the surface. Doom's look more closely. Uh, we
45:06 flood oriented Large, then wait like 10 m get on either side and
45:16 ever it operates. So we so very complicated area of of in and
45:27 motions. What you would expect not surprisingly, is a lot of
45:33 segmentation. Uh funding and Dominic sediments general give you wear yourself the channels
45:46 , it's gonna be mainly sandy to bridge. In fact, if you
45:52 at the great size, uh, is usually fine, so courses to
46:00 model fine. Take a look at change right down here. It's sorting
46:13 . Excuse us. It protests the change, write it down here.
46:21 a very sharp break between proximal part . You just So the main thing
46:32 see here is that this is a standing way catalog a lot of
46:42 very quickly figuring out how much more time. Wow. Yes,
46:55 You just skipped it. Yeah. this is an example when it predicted
47:04 bucks how yeah, fly spent in channel. And so we begin and
47:18 shield, which is mr positive And now is because the flood
47:27 it shield even here, what deposits to get into the All right,
47:38 built the flood deposits are lower than F deposits that can come in.
47:45 . These are so you're going to this lower part of the tidal delta
47:54 dominated up apart have dominated eventually So this is kind of what we
48:05 expect. I'm not gonna go into anymore. We kind of described
48:10 you can read it, you can how corresponds this is being up.
48:18 is based on the synthesis uh to a feeling of what that flood title
48:25 should look. One of the reasons this is important is this has a
48:29 preservation protection. The end tidal deltas a remote preservation but flood title
48:40 You can see these and these can the strategy traps is a gel.
48:48 you look at strata, graphic trap portion will carry around reservoirs, particularly
49:00 . Mm So here we've got wow sleep. Mm Here we've got transferred
49:23 . The key here is that many that are preserved, transgressive sequence or
49:32 that are deposited behind the Mr Gray's Felton in a You won't you will
49:43 a long here. Mhm And then see this and suppose is great.
49:52 let's look at those other deposits. you mar what happened? Rushers.
50:05 this is a trend aggressive sequence to not only here but actually all during
50:14 probably sick for getting this marshall's then during that 1st translation. Mhm.
50:27 it's important to think for a moment that transgression is doing. It's basically
50:34 loading a surface is called a wave venus. So what we tend to
50:44 was not so much transgressive shelter but that stuff that was deposited. And
50:58 can actually think of it as starting the low state. And as sea
51:04 rises, uh get this wave of service. It comes all the way
51:13 into the high stable and all that are basically transit and they're very
51:32 The offshore transfer process are being on . So you don't think you can
51:44 that deposition transgressions or cream deposits would offshore shelf in this world for short
51:54 . Golf are valuable to our No, well, I that
52:07 So that might be easiest to do you think about emotion deposition offshore.
52:14 of course there's also deposition match. let's and see their rise. Now
52:26 transgression, more devastation offshore. Forget and avoid that position. Landward or
52:36 of ship. She never was. . So what we hear is this
52:43 eroded surface. He handles the Yeah. That circle is a time
52:56 service where transgressive puzzles in the marines the deposit on top of this.
53:08 compressed policies during the Washington. Friends positive. Okay. Okay. We
53:21 depending on the rate of accumulation versus seven. Supply accumulation space. You
53:34 have a lot of that. It's back period of women. Sure we
53:43 . Uh huh. This is the for you know what a congregation during
53:49 here is a combination. It's like slower. Lower center fighters. It
53:59 show from the combinations 27 off it determine the shape of the transgressive pretty
54:09 surface and also size is there are on that bench. So here is
54:21 that you're rich. Is that a notice caught below that transgressive surface might
54:29 some of that deeper in the So that's what we will be
54:35 And then where's our transgressive marine we back here. Now if we look
54:43 the transgressions in a barrier setting, you might ask what happened to that
54:50 violent used to be over here. , in a simple and he just
55:00 . Stand trial now. Yeah. sometimes it oversteps it is the
55:08 There was a relatively rapid rise in level. And so that barrier
55:20 But I do. We work because buried around the same motion.
55:34 And we can also think about this with this barrier simple transgression can step
55:47 maybe so great out it is jump what is we have We want the
55:54 ridges here. So in some cases barrier islands that were during the either
56:02 stand or during still stands on rising are still shown as areas of sand
56:10 but now they're being reworked, Other cases, they're just right.
56:17 these are the sand sources that were for right now in terms of sand
56:21 for Galveston. Where is the sand nourish goes now the police are gonna
56:30 offshore. So what we're doing, trying to map these are also either
56:35 residents. So when we get a of disconnected reservoirs that is disconnected.
56:44 take your life like an uh Uh it's got, you'll see where
56:53 just shelf ridges or where they re very all. And that turned out
56:59 be an important distinction because type of and reservoir properties will be different depending
57:08 is there were isolated barriers, reward or maybe just completely isolated sand
57:17 Mm um, you've got this, the last thing I'm saying in some
57:24 , particularly if you have persistent bedrock wait, regime revetment surface, which
57:32 is very smooth, could be very outcomes. Edit for instance. So
57:39 gonna see that more on a uh active continental margin, like California.
57:46 he would and past has gotten margie texas, he's like now that
57:55 barrier island is literally eroding through whatever behind. So here we are,
58:05 behind it is these freeze, we're the dunes before they were transgressed.
58:13 we actually get marsh and and tree swamped causes cropping out. It's just
58:24 thin veneer in these transparent. one of the ways they transgresses by
58:36 lot of rogge where they just your law offshore overwash. And you
58:47 you can see this in the old . One of these, You'll find
58:52 embryology find ocean. How many in the surface? Those oysters being
59:02 very little sand during that transition. a lot of the sand.
59:09 zero did during that road is Why? Sure these are basically
59:21 And then that position that can look shortly flight time. And in some
59:30 the breaches we are all along that district. Remember the transgressor started?
59:38 don't understand there's only sand but they're so this is free Carlo, close
59:49 and then Mhm. Post focus cost is reaches the lobes. This
60:03 Yeah. You really have to fill of screeching short rib. Some of
60:13 remain for water delegations fill up. think about lateral continuity of the set
60:26 strip has changed. Oh, not is there a lot of discount sediment
60:37 down here, is that we work So we get a sandy frank.
60:45 . And in some cases if today big enough you can get some pretty
60:49 place. So tied and way related . Rework Washington now to wash over
61:02 curl marsh in the standing when the over large tends to be other player
61:15 stratification. I velocity but in him it doesn't occur right off has preserved
61:30 here You've got a horizontal and then got four set is filling. What
61:39 that water may be temporary because remember happens? It's in a hurricane.
61:44 first thing that happens is storm So this may have been dry and
61:50 the water rose and then the So we get something like this.
62:01 this little wedge bar coming in feeling now, Galveston, for the most
62:11 is a regressive programming Matagorda for that response. It was mainly a
62:23 If we look at the more uh end Galveston, you see this retry
62:36 write between namely between oh yeah, uh sediment. And then programming Beatrix
62:47 moving over. I think this represents period minor transgression. Notice it also
62:57 the large channels. Get the I'm set compare that. Mhm.
63:12 groening same state. Mhm. What looking at in probably bigger picture is
63:21 transition from rising sea level, maximum transgressive barrier on three that work followed
63:34 pro regulation. So all of these I have at their beginning transgression
63:49 So here's john the aggressive there's a there. There they are. You
64:06 be able to show me. You these three different vertical sequences where they
64:14 occur in a marijuana, basically they the experienced publisher. One of the
64:30 of thinking about it. Going back the original diagram here is that you
64:34 this you shall not radio. Here's Washington center. And what you've always
64:48 is basically look at if settings we to characterize in this respect. The
64:55 and think about it namely as a of sense. So there's a lot
65:02 the migrating and here's the back side the island from Washington here is the
65:12 Yeah, here's the product offshore. myself now here we have a wait
65:24 say we're here and we've actually got see very well is a distributor
65:32 So the first thing I would call attention to. Yes, six and
65:43 they're both funnel shaped coursing up with more or less the same scale.
65:51 at the difference being but oh, , these are from floods coming out
66:00 the club. So that's one of big difference between a way dark seems
66:06 a river down now we also have coarsening out of seats uh here or
66:18 that that day Washington things. But , steve Yeah. And of course
66:27 you want to Yeah, these life these you got shot days here singing
66:44 finding upwards and tributary. Yeah, makes here very good, very
66:52 So a great steak on the question compare battery, not green title.
67:08 , so here's our vertical sequence here , how you handle it. And
67:15 last example which already have really uh a Barrier out six of the
67:25 You say that transition it's five years to play. So I wait,
67:36 this is sending Uh huh way down we get here. But here is
67:48 very what it's uh Mhm That's Mhm five right now it turns out
68:04 a surprise when you look at it three the next two years kicking up
68:16 that. It's rather more complex than so what we're looking at is assists
68:27 where let me go back to Yeah, I should have largely book
68:32 . Um There's a transgressive surface that right along here and then there's a
68:45 package because like this okay, so is a pro grading strand plan.
68:58 is delimited vertical. Hey, now wash over fans here and there's the
69:10 in here. So there are 12 . Mhm. Yeah, but I
69:24 show. All right. It's just little depression. So, what I
69:35 have shown was this? Yes. yes, with that little break right
69:48 , not unlike what we saw and it. So, this is what
69:56 expect to find when you're dealing with very real system. Not a one
70:08 the best examples on the field study a barrier island system um hasn't been
70:18 except on the Bureau of Economic Uh So it's it's not real
70:25 but it's really a very nice study it looks at a particular field within
70:34 large package very process that in the senior Uh huh. The very same
70:50 separates the Houston health assistance. All . Take it out. Yeah,
70:58 here. And this is that area if you have all been I'm showing
71:06 three major long term package accumulations. vertically. A pretty Yeah, the
71:15 . This is that really the agreement of feet shifting boats and a lot
71:23 notice most of it along up in , hoping felt it gambling or his
71:32 . Yeah. Uh strap top. what we're gonna do is what they
71:42 , what they did was to look these different architectural elements and characterize their
71:49 potential. So this is what a section of this is pretty thin creating
71:55 when you look at it a really doing is regression, transition,
72:04 Mhm. And on front on the side this area here. Which approach
72:14 are the read much the yellow are sure sure thing. Sentence Yeah.
72:28 blue are really much and then it's political behind so we've got a mixture
72:42 playing very well. And so we look at this particular aggressive. What
72:54 you want? We can look at offshore. I'm sure. What do
73:03 think this would be with free this . Oh, what is this?
73:14 they're creating a shoulder until again so closes. Okay. Give me a
73:32 description. Right. Tell protection on . We saw those different pieces.
73:50 , wash over. Yeah, he's to be washed over fans.
73:56 And then down here we're looking at with the creation and that's going to
74:04 the only kind of forms of Well, they did. So get
74:11 the funds. So it's, they're those who distinct flow units. Well
74:16 will be, but let's just wait that for a second. This is
74:19 to show you the direction of Mhm. So let's look at an
74:25 back to that one. Yeah. This was before we were doing three
74:34 . and but you see some locations spite direction from the moment.
74:46 Then you get kind of radiation. the interpretation once hi break here still
75:01 very uh you know that elongation. what built in Washington. So that
75:11 the interpretation of this. Yeah. if you look at the thank
75:27 then look at the average for from knowledge. Yes, vibrate Phil
75:40 So portion is already 1 - two . I mean I think part of
75:51 programming short. So let's see what looks like here. We've got that
75:57 migrating limbless and The two highest The best there is sorted down near
76:10 bottom. Right? In that spirit with the pro brady journey, charlotte
76:22 short pace. Oh okay. And was an increase as well. So
76:32 might not where the best from the bucket overboard of your programming. Sure
76:39 . And it will lower his little upper parts. Have you read With
76:46 see how this reservoir 2nd. It strike. And uh yep.
76:58 Now there's another reservoir will higher Mm. It's interpreted with modern We're
77:07 the complex transgressed Tunisia at the same . So basically this particular example we've
77:19 transgressive never then transformed itself. three . Why didn't that not happen?
77:28 maybe hi stan didn't stay long Maybe they just want enough set seven
77:34 us. Okay. The point is get both of these settings.
77:41 In yes, town city and magnified by thousands of feet. So whereas
77:58 the smooth, straight off. in the Pleistocene setting in Trinidad,
78:11 was namely one ball for grief. the neck strength here is more
78:35 We've really covered most of the We've got strand planes, how to
78:44 very around campus and association. Don't really him. Yeah. Is the
78:56 way tied down. So I'm gonna you a choice but to stop here
79:04 an hour or go about 45 minutes uh at 12 15. Would you
79:11 break here or for lunch or have but it's not next or something.
79:23 . Later. I'll go with the . Okay. Okay. So we'll
79:34 finish this up and then we'll have health to do. Okay.
79:42 Are there different ways of defining what ? Uh The oceanographer. My
79:48 And uh yeah, intermittent solemnity. you can also define it based on
79:56 far inland the title of this Neither of these, no. Uh
80:04 , particularly solemnity is not easy to , although hitting her face. She's
80:10 help. So we as geologists tend think more about title influences and how
80:17 would measure. So here would Yeah. one. This is a
80:27 opportunity on the different types of process the current history. Many flu view
80:40 the truck, it's fluctuating between title . It's moving. Mhm. There
80:49 some problem about character amenity, some of about two here in terms but
80:58 then within the broader actually title process into really. So they got pre
81:11 . Next green. Uh huh two And so The definition of the next
81:28 . Alternatively we could look at face association and so we're going to break
81:36 up into those different process for confidence so their story now it is from
81:41 landward limit title functions to the C limit of the coastal species. That's
81:49 to be here to hear in one that they want us is this diagram
82:02 Which shows 100% of the relative Rivers and then rivers begin to thought
82:10 Marie influences. Sure option. That's beginning of our next energy in the
82:19 . So finally armory. No, is great. So is that mixed
82:28 leave, I identifies history based on . So let's look at Yeah,
82:39 a suggestion. We've got river inputs . It got green inputs here in
82:48 and then the whole gaps and day that Nick said And so this is
82:57 be looking all that central base which I am artistic. They had Douglas
83:05 is fluid. Oh this is why down here. How many times
83:15 And then the marine influence comes in a tide here. I'm what's happened
83:24 Washington. If you look at you get this ribbon margin of sand
83:36 the bay. That's because of wave roach. They is actually being enlarged
83:43 that's way within the estimate you get over here that show they had
83:55 And then you've got sand washed over sense of here. We'll ignore this
84:05 they're not part of history. So we're looking at there is what would
84:10 referred to as well. So they said it's way down there. In
84:18 to tie down delta, which will people, uh, you know,
84:26 in Galveston or in this case uh, the ways the begun the
84:38 pretty much peter out. Once we asked the Washington flat title down to
84:48 is pretty much limited saying river samples much limited why that they have dealt
85:00 the middle. Total energy is very . So that mixed area simulations inter
85:08 with wash overs. What kind of . So they either, Yeah,
85:20 here is our wave dominated central Well, all right. So here's
85:31 example of going up here single And so let's look at that rather
85:40 estuary as it through. Let's imagine with time the sandy center trinity
85:50 they fill the hours and days they entering into easy patients. So here's
86:00 process is scalp scenario. This is . Yeah. Now with time in
86:15 particular court, but they had delta fill filled yet. Yeah. In
86:27 example they transgressive credit on continues to on it. Transgression is currently still
86:38 though the inference is that Salem high delta turk filling this first and it's
86:51 until the still completely fills the estimate we have the conversion basically of a
87:00 dominated wait, wait dominated estuary weighs dealt that sands of being directly introduced
87:14 me. And so it's only then uh transgressed barrier becomes actually wake up
87:24 delta and strong. Okay. Now that assumes is that there is no
87:35 of set this very right other than river which hand was still, but
87:44 know that's not what's happening if this kind of our analogy. So how
87:51 galvanize program A even though they have . All right. This each the
87:58 block and the answer is on We voted, we have to look
88:05 the source of center and brady said to know whether or not it's going
88:11 be a transgressive regressive. So here a cross section let's say uh huh
88:26 uh, this bottom surface is It's a, you know now and
88:33 about imagine sea level twice. Never bill eventually that river is drought.
88:46 we go from river valley to drown SQL with the flu via B over
88:54 as a band at the same We have marine and they, I'm
89:07 , Karen's got some service. It on it. That is the wave
89:19 resilience now and sea level is rising some point. Right about here.
89:33 . The rate of sea level rise slowed relative to the sentence.
89:39 And that they had dealt with against progress. So it's filling in our
89:46 based now in this particular example we to have a way to get
89:57 They're fine that Delta fills the extra From about 70 shoreline. It is
90:09 . Uh huh. Mm. So we were to look at that a
90:21 more heat, let's look at this of age. Yeah. He says
90:29 have some set that's been positive within gender race leader, inlet Phil wash
90:39 or what china responds. No, notice also this is kind of hard
90:51 have felt its back stepping and then pro grade for awhile except new Brooklyn
91:00 again the rain in the last sea of rape sent by changes Now again
91:09 are co creation Delta has filled estuary has Basically providing sort of seven because
91:20 can read. Yeah. And this just how and cart system. I'm
91:30 working. This is a good model That it does three spoked. The
91:38 source of sediment to that wave dominated barrier island is the delta. There's
91:48 a lot of erosion surfaces in here now revealed basically that most standard service
91:57 a way for me. He also . Family rooting surfaces that appear to
92:06 migration of the time limits. There's some yeah immersion associated with oh transgression
92:19 of the they had no. So in mind that vertical secrets here.
92:30 one more erosion surfaces now the Tiber our estuary built citizen has been studied
92:41 some detail. And so this is profile based on there's also this is
92:55 took so here's our cartoon. Here's it actually looked like in the time
93:08 it wordless makes sense. Uh We this don't worry about it. So
93:18 the most sound we have already. a must see now this surface
93:40 This this is the maximum front service here. But what I'm more interested
93:47 this irrational circles here which is surfacing away. Gross. Yeah. And
93:56 how they they fill it. Basic newspaper still with wash over the
94:12 one side. Hey, so the basis you like. So this is
94:23 stepping that they and we have a of email and series of in this
94:40 beginning about here. He began to congregation seafood and continue on it.
94:54 this is really a way down we because the delta played. Mhm.
95:10 don't miss wait this is the Yeah, down here these are those
95:31 stand weak stream deposits rising sea flooded the valley for the estuary and
95:42 we began to get wow revetments and we're beginning to get appropriating most.
95:59 . Next time you hear some this mint surface has some deep order
96:06 The bosses and then we still on then there bumps good. Mhm.
96:20 wave dominated. Mhm Way nominated estuary wave dominated delta packages are pretty
96:39 The one thing I would also notices they start. So you think strike
96:48 this estuary find Oh, so this what it looks like going on
96:58 Birth spring here just your feet. where is that? They comes down
97:11 58 fruity cat. It was built it goes through alluvial and okay
97:28 it's probably perfect. Now the harder the visual is a tie dominated few
97:45 says descriptively pretty easy. You tend have relatively straight rivers sinuous open up
97:56 get wider. I have a funnel with a long game the sandals and
98:05 we get extensive time. Their Yeah. And it's easy to visualize
98:14 time where waves are not very important tom Kerch actually amplifier. Yeah.
98:25 get more and more conspiracy processing official change and mean said now then at
98:38 point the times will no longer be . Finland is a class emerging
98:50 So we know from animal, I really said really set our issues.
99:03 one of the other things that we is there is a shown here and
99:13 some arguments exactly where for title accent also it's not suspended senator constitution and
99:31 tends to occur. Why about here this transition highly d'andre in function and
99:42 that is essentially the, the boundary river french in. Yeah. And
99:50 flushes on time. Yeah, we've a green sources sun coming in becomes
100:00 option. It will improve your sort coming into the river and some of
100:05 hardest house in seven. And that be one reason why we go from
100:13 expect honey, they were changing announced itself insist more money being consistent.
100:24 if we look at the river's here their, they start with every day
100:32 bar then you begin to get a time influence so you can get to
100:41 strongly Titley or walk with a lot find everywhere strength. This is more
100:51 less the turbidity suspended seven Mexicans. here we have an example of the
101:04 closing out suspended time actually from So we get abdominal blue fuck.
101:24 it looks something like this, not a the uh, the ocean
101:37 right here and then they dropped pretty as we go. It's not us
101:44 . We've got a big enough May actually have somebody take, we
101:50 that doubt that friends setting the auction find this flew the rock song.
102:03 title imaging is well decrease but your , this is my point here.
102:18 is where the maximum committee is in particular question. Now there are a
102:31 lot of examples, But this is particularly, it's got a ton of
102:41 creations sitting up straight. It's not classic, slow real community history
102:53 It's true colonel in that from the york times. Yeah. In the
103:00 flats tender and finding out the signature to muddy the sandbars tend to be
103:12 grained at the bottom. Of course talk and that's because Okay, mm
103:20 water to iron 37 5 address. we can look at the verdict of
103:41 down in here we have a title borders and I've been here to get
103:50 uh topical sandbar. Yeah, So the private here. Oh
104:02 the title flat. It's not So here is it namely person.
104:16 now I'm not going to go into with these shows. Let's not say
104:22 Way sized 70 restructure 73 process. got in the deposition deficit. You're
104:31 . Our website san trying to talk bottom time walk business and that is
104:39 useful look at the types of structures you didn't notice what look at
104:48 Yes, no sigma Royal process by of girls mud drapes. Uh,
104:58 a memorial cross bedding is time line . So can we get right on
105:06 . So we gave course in the getting a realistic and we're getting one
105:15 yeah, dominating currents until we get here. We're actually now what makes
105:23 kind of an interesting yesterday or he's only does it describe the hi
105:31 but it looks like looks at those and it All right. 7% carbon
105:41 . Mhm. Our abilities a large . So there's something that's going on
105:57 to allow da genetic targets. It being restricted to the sand patience during
106:06 maximum transgression. So what has happened ? You actually had a transgressive hi
106:22 that during I stand changed to a on. Yeah. And it was
106:33 change in the solemnity of water that the restriction of the flora, so
106:44 chloride was mainly in the brackish That was during the transgression, particularly
106:50 top of the sentiments. My time too. We're way dominated. You've
107:03 lots of spares plane in high court with the tie domination. You've got
107:18 environment forming. Uh huh. Mm , okay, this paris plane is
107:32 taught. You've got no comment content here. High court segmentation. High
107:42 . So I do 500. And happens while the pair of plates uh
107:50 the aggregate precursors uh to cut the with toy. Okay, so only
107:59 one phase. And in one environment this transition, I want way Delta
108:08 tied on this tour later history that you to preserve the high funding.
108:18 , as we go from unfilled Actually acknowledged to completely fill Delta.
108:28 is no transformation of the filling of thai dominated, dealt without changing the
108:42 . That transition for away dominated Delta pretty straightforward. It just filled the
108:49 basis they had dealt with fill the basin became a wave on details.
108:57 transformation from the tiger estuaries tied This is really not so abstract.
109:08 the extra Yeah, there's the So what we're really looking at is
109:21 transformation for Yes, progressive. Oh system. What here we're trying to
109:39 ST left sea level masters to the of this. Now the we received
110:00 is the custom window title of patients , piers down there's a lively
110:11 Here's artifacts the year after. You something you saw or see barrier rounds
110:19 the offshore shores. Right, did ? Sandy shore parallel. Sure,
110:31 problems. But you look at this and thank you. I mean plan
110:38 it. He's thai dominated deltas and hi dominated. First have a very
110:46 plan, cheap and so I'm gonna you that we will talk about high
111:00 system back then with an attempt to to give you a better criteria for
111:07 your distinguished. Um, the particularly any of sample. Ized in a
111:16 , extremely system in a negress built system. Way down eight. But
111:28 hi dominate the next room. It be very busy in the nearly as
111:37 described in record. Just a few . Now it's 12:00 down in
111:47 So let's take a break
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