| 00:08 | problems. Oh, mm hmm. okay. Yeah. Mhm. |
|
| 00:25 | Yeah. Yeah. They're trying have big family camp. Why have |
|
| 00:53 | Yeah, I actually wanted, that would be always fine. It |
|
| 01:03 | weird, tape recorder. Yeah. on. I was supposed to be |
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| 01:26 | now. Okay. Yeah, Yeah. Yeah. Non wet. |
|
| 01:43 | about done? But john was originally the schedule with you for the slats |
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| 01:49 | company. We're coaching you with this . No, I he has nothing |
|
| 01:58 | do with geochemistry. Okay. So went through this right? Yeah. |
|
| 02:13 | . So I say Merce you can each of two or more compounds with |
|
| 02:18 | same formula but different arrangements of atoms the molecule and therefore different properties Would |
|
| 02:27 | called Ice 1st. So and maintain is five carbon atoms in a straight |
|
| 02:36 | I su contain would be an ice Different structure because whereas there is five |
|
| 02:45 | atoms but there is four in a and then a branch. Yeah, |
|
| 02:50 | be new 17 meaning three carbon atoms a chain. And then one of |
|
| 02:57 | carbon atoms has uh necessarily this three would have to metal groups connected to |
|
| 03:05 | . All these would be called decimals each other. And uh isolated a |
|
| 03:11 | painting. All right, mm We have been done this right. |
|
| 03:19 | haven't seen this before. Every all did. Okay, so you're more |
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| 03:28 | than I. Okay, so this shows how as the carbon number |
|
| 03:39 | the names change and the properties change boiling points. Uh dermatitis here In |
|
| 03:48 | sense that when you go from normal normal hasten to normal 15 you go |
|
| 03:53 | 36 C as a boiling 360.70 degrees the boiling 0.100 degrees as the boiling |
|
| 04:02 | and so on. So as the structure becomes bigger and bigger, the |
|
| 04:06 | point becomes higher and higher obviously because the backing of these compounds. In |
|
| 04:14 | , the idea of packing is what the boiling point in terms of the |
|
| 04:21 | . So for normal, maintain The point maybe 38° or 36° as you |
|
| 04:30 | to maintain the boiling point becomes lower so on. So uh, this |
|
| 04:42 | expressed in this slide very nicely. think uh when you have five carbon |
|
| 04:50 | in the molecules, the boiling point 36 degrees plus or minus. And |
|
| 04:56 | are three ice alors, can you visualize what these ice swimmers would look |
|
| 05:03 | ? Everybody? You have thrown it the board but try to draw it |
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| 05:08 | the board. Yeah. Okay, Uh five carbon atoms boiling point about |
|
| 05:18 | degrees three I summers seven carbon atoms , I summers eight carbon atoms |
|
| 05:27 | I summers 20 carbon atoms in the you have into the fight. Ice |
|
| 05:43 | . And when you have 40 carbon in the molecule uh whereas the boiling |
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| 05:51 | would be roughly the same. But , the number of customers multiplies to |
|
| 05:59 | numbers, 30 carbon atoms, you have up to 10 billion ice |
|
| 06:11 | Obviously no one can remember the names these ice summers, but but you |
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| 06:18 | name compound based on its structure. . And we used very simple examples |
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| 06:29 | the board. Okay, so let's an example in the gulf of Mexico |
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| 06:40 | let's say we have an oil with compounds with seven carbon atoms. So |
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| 06:53 | many compounds that have seven carbon How many hydrocarbon compounds would have? |
|
| 07:00 | carbon atoms. There is 16 al . Nice. 1st you visualize that |
|
| 07:08 | Normal Kane, NC seven right? is eight Isil case seven carbon |
|
| 07:22 | I don't need to through these. can imagine how you can draw |
|
| 07:27 | Right There is seven cy click al . So you have one all came |
|
| 07:39 | six carbon atoms. And branch you uh variances of that. You also |
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| 07:52 | one aromatic compound. That aromatic compound called. Told you, we told |
|
| 08:00 | did you hear on the board Yeah, we did. Okay. |
|
| 08:14 | . So mhm um let's take a at the abundances of He's seven hydrocarbons |
|
| 08:27 | this particular oil from the Gulf You have one normal 15th street |
|
| 08:38 | You have uh eight ISIS Simplest to two Missile Heck Sale. Everybody can |
|
| 08:56 | what missile vaccine would look like. Carbon Atoms. And the branch. |
|
| 09:05 | . Okay. That branch can be position to carbon carbon carbon carbon carbon |
|
| 09:13 | carbon atom will have a missile group that muscle group can be on the |
|
| 09:19 | carbon atoms. That missile group can substituted for with an exile group But |
|
| 09:31 | you end up with eight carbon In that case you have three Assign |
|
| 09:39 | Tane. In other words there is ethyl group But if five carbon atoms |
|
| 09:47 | change and It's in position three to to to die. Missile maintain, |
|
| 09:58 | with two metal groups in position to clear 22 diamonds help maintain. So |
|
| 10:08 | it's maintained five carbon atoms with two groups in position two. Yeah. |
|
| 10:19 | 23 dimensional maintained means there is one group in position to one missile group |
|
| 10:25 | position three. Do I need to any of these or you can visualize |
|
| 10:30 | ? Right, okay. So to them is self contained clear 3, |
|
| 10:37 | diamonds. I'll 15 Two missile groups position three. I can have seven |
|
| 10:50 | atoms in attached to In the form one root ST chain with three missile |
|
| 11:04 | in two in position to three in three. So the nomenclature whereas can |
|
| 11:16 | very unwieldy but it is easily the States And we have to name these |
|
| 11:26 | based on the arrangement of the carbon in the structure. Of course the |
|
| 11:34 | of the carbon atoms in the structure dictate the physical properties and the chemical |
|
| 11:40 | of the compound. When you have muscle groups attached to five to a |
|
| 11:51 | carbon atom chain, you can visualize diameter of that molecule, right? |
|
| 12:03 | be quite a huge molecule because the groups sticking on both ends gives it |
|
| 12:12 | volume. That is different from a volume. Okay, mm. |
|
| 12:39 | Okay. Okay then I've seen compounds the C seven range. Clearly are |
|
| 12:50 | missile cycle vaccine. Yeah, you have if I remember drink which would |
|
| 12:56 | be called cyclops maintain you can have exile group attached to that molecule to |
|
| 13:02 | called exile. Cyclo except maintain or can have a molecule with two metal |
|
| 13:11 | . So it's like a taxi in to maintain structure. In visualize what |
|
| 13:16 | cycle painting structure is With two methyl Attached to it in position one and |
|
| 13:23 | one. That would be 11 dimethyl painting. Um When you get to |
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| 13:30 | 12 diamonds, I'll cycle contains in words a missile group in position to |
|
| 13:35 | missile group in position uh One then can have a what we call assists |
|
| 13:42 | a trans cis will be where the branches are in the same plane trends |
|
| 13:49 | be where one of the methods branches be in one plane and the second |
|
| 13:53 | in another plane trans position. Uh 1, 2 diamonds I'll cycle contain |
|
| 14:03 | can be transformed to domicile 612 diamonds three diamondstein cycle contain. There's just |
|
| 14:13 | diamonds I encyclopedia, you see how structures look like. Right? Just |
|
| 14:23 | the names how they vary. Whereas system simply the trends are two different |
|
| 14:33 | , etcetera. Okay then we have aromatic structure. C seven seven carbon |
|
| 14:43 | in an aromatic structure. What would be? A molecule with a |
|
| 14:51 | Ring and MSL group. Seven carbon in an aromatic structure. That structure |
|
| 15:01 | told you me so. Okay. Among the volatile organic compounds would be |
|
| 15:13 | c. seven among them is the text Group B. Tax be tax |
|
| 15:23 | everybody as a mental image of what is. We just finished talking about |
|
| 15:30 | . six Carbon atoms in a ring some ancestral saturation. So you have |
|
| 15:43 | then you have told me six carbon in the ring and a branch. |
|
| 15:48 | oil busy. Can everybody visualize what Benzene looks like? Yeah means instruction |
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| 15:56 | an exile group connected to it as lease. Yeah. Also Shailene metas |
|
| 16:07 | and parasailing. How are they different each other if they are you have |
|
| 16:13 | you mean? Yes. Well, then you have these aliens two muscle |
|
| 16:22 | adjacent. That will be Zilly Eileen. Mm But as I am |
|
| 16:33 | . Mhm. Big to do about . Yeah. Okay. I have |
|
| 16:48 | change gears here. Yeah. I I need the second picture. |
|
| 17:08 | Still seems. Mhm. I think finished this. Mhm. Six. |
|
| 18:19 | . So now let's look at the and you can constraints on petroleum generation |
|
| 18:35 | accumulation. All right. The model very, very simple. You have |
|
| 19:00 | organisms flourishing in the photo zone, . Somebody usually die. Hi for |
|
| 19:13 | plankton. Thank you. Has died settle to the sediment water interface we |
|
| 19:22 | it fighter plankton. Rain out preserved matter remains will undergo die genesis including |
|
| 19:32 | surface chemical and biochemical operation and complex . You end end up with a |
|
| 19:40 | complex structure called character carriage. In burial will undergo thermal alteration. We |
|
| 19:50 | that process maturation. Sometimes we refer it as katha genesis. Russian term |
|
| 19:59 | , catalysts. Kathie genesis we need petroleum generation. Okay, so for |
|
| 20:13 | quite plankton reno doctors, organic method with reluctance organic matter coming into the |
|
| 20:20 | of the position with rivers and streams what's not all these things under |
|
| 20:25 | Uh transformation complication, forming bio the carbohydrates, the proteins, the |
|
| 20:33 | , malignant, reworked organic matter. these become very complex forming these complex |
|
| 20:43 | . In the meantime, hydrogen sulfide being formed. Sometimes methane is being |
|
| 20:50 | . Uh We end up with Karajan, bitumen and hydrocarbons together with |
|
| 20:56 | word organic matter confirming maturation. Uh end up with this first oil and |
|
| 21:04 | which then can concentrate forming crudo The residual organic matter will be pyro |
|
| 21:13 | altered, but you didn't and dry guess. Where does the organic matter |
|
| 21:24 | from productivity productivity in the water Primary productivity in oceans and lakes, |
|
| 21:35 | organisms, marine lancastrian, vital algal and bacterial remains on land. |
|
| 21:45 | productivity leads to creation of fireplace which leaf cuticles, sports parlance presence and |
|
| 21:57 | plant parties. Um The living organisms die. They're deposited in the sediment |
|
| 22:06 | in the guns and whatnot for So shock carriages. Karen. |
|
| 22:19 | In this slide I'm showing that the of the organic matter uh that is |
|
| 22:28 | sized is is destroyed by a This process is called biogenesis under Quite |
|
| 22:40 | anoxic conditions. Organic preservation is reaching maybe up to 4%. Um |
|
| 22:48 | regulation mm can sit in and it after burial at much lower rates first |
|
| 22:56 | self reducing bacteria taking taking up oxygen off H two S and by carbon |
|
| 23:05 | producing bacteria taking up oxygen giving out . This process is called misano genesis |
|
| 23:14 | of bacteria. Methane in the Sometimes that bacterial methane in the segments |
|
| 23:22 | be very valuable resource accumulation of this gas can give rise to commercial accumulations |
|
| 23:36 | jenny guess offshore Colombia has huge accumulations biogenic gas. Commercial accumulations of biogenic |
|
| 23:48 | dominantly of methane. Keep of course that that that that methane hydrate becomes |
|
| 24:01 | imperious layer and in fact it's what believe to be kind of the transient |
|
| 24:09 | formation for entrapment. So we have young sediments generating methane was the methane |
|
| 24:18 | these methane hydrates that becomes a seal a lot of methane can accurate underneath |
|
| 24:23 | . Steel giving rise to economic biogenic accumulations. Okay, so I want |
|
| 24:46 | to remember this. Very simple slide controlling hydrocarbon generation expulsion. The first |
|
| 24:54 | is the formation of organically sediments. . Information of organic rich sediments which |
|
| 25:08 | preservation of the hydrogen rich organic matter had a rich organic matter, |
|
| 25:19 | Well degreed via thermal maturation, that gives rise to hydrocarbon information. Um |
|
| 25:35 | yeah, generation of critical amount is to overcome the retention capacity of the |
|
| 25:43 | trucks. The requirements will not leave source rock until a specific quantity has |
|
| 25:49 | formed to overcome the retention capacity of minerals and organic matter themselves. That |
|
| 25:58 | rise to excessive pore pressures and uses and you end up with fractures. |
|
| 26:06 | shock which then can allow the hydrocarbons escape from the source shock into a |
|
| 26:14 | system and eventually into there is a or a track. Um continuing continuing |
|
| 26:23 | of the source beds allows for release hydrocarbons in countries exceed the retention capacity |
|
| 26:29 | the carrier system. Remember we had capacity of the organic matter retention capacity |
|
| 26:36 | the mineral material in the source Now we have to contend with retention |
|
| 26:42 | of the carrier system. You got have adequate countries of hydrocarbons generated and |
|
| 26:51 | in order for these hydrocarbons to end in an accumulation. So this has |
|
| 27:00 | be accompanied by presence of course experimental bets adjacent to the source trucks and |
|
| 27:09 | there has to be stressed, geographic structure into relationships that provide barriers to |
|
| 27:15 | this migration. Those are what ends being traps. Yeah. So let's |
|
| 27:25 | this section. Petroleum generation is a of burial diet, genesis organic |
|
| 27:35 | ceramics. Oil expulsion is a consequence oil generation also shocks health boy even |
|
| 27:51 | the minute of the position. But oil is not concentrated enough to allow |
|
| 27:57 | migration. Only when you have formed hydrocarbons in quantities that exceed the finishing |
|
| 28:06 | of the organic matter in the social the minerals in the social does the |
|
| 28:11 | expands to. Okay, so oil is a consequence of oil generation. |
|
| 28:19 | hmm. Um I would like very for you guys to read the paper |
|
| 28:33 | the maison and more anoxic environments and . Why social hygienists. Uh and |
|
| 28:42 | and the paper by jones and organic fishes, cryptographic concepts and exploration |
|
| 28:49 | . I think I have those papers I'm going to send you those and |
|
| 28:58 | send them on to the class. there is a lot of repetition |
|
| 29:08 | So bear with me. Um Among conditions, field information of organic |
|
| 29:16 | abundant supply of hydrogen rich organic Fighter plankton remains protection from a biogenic |
|
| 29:23 | biogenic oxidation. This requires sedimentation, energy voters. Yeah. A rapid |
|
| 29:35 | of the organic matter through the water to the deposition surface stagnation and the |
|
| 29:45 | of the sediments enhanced by consumption of during Arabic oxidation or a portion of |
|
| 29:50 | organic matter and by low water There is an optimum rate of supplementation |
|
| 30:01 | we would like to see in Okay, so it has to be |
|
| 30:06 | enough to prevent disperses dilution but rapid to provide an oxidation barrier in the |
|
| 30:19 | environment. Controlling controlling factors are in shares of open oceans and still sees |
|
| 30:27 | rich fighter plankton information in deltas and and shelves of open oceans and still |
|
| 30:35 | have libertarian fighter plankton as well as share information. Continental environments painful allows |
|
| 30:47 | um P slump conditions end up with and carbonaceous shales in fresh waters. |
|
| 30:58 | can end up with lipid rich plankton the sediments becomes the clustering. So |
|
| 31:06 | , the custard sauce shocks may seem they're a trivial issue. A |
|
| 31:13 | major accumulations around the world are coming lancastrian sediments in central Sumatra in |
|
| 31:25 | Almost all the hydrocarbons in central Sumatra from preservation of organic matter, degradation |
|
| 31:33 | that organic matter upon burial of the matter too. Hi temperatures. So |
|
| 31:57 | is a a sample of Hey so . Um there's examples of it from |
|
| 32:13 | tampico recently basin in Mexico. They seen some atomic ground shields of central |
|
| 32:18 | and these are huge. The service organic reach lemony showing the position extreme |
|
| 32:26 | and a nice philanthropy texture parallel to bedding planes is fizzle. It's open |
|
| 32:37 | with random play orientation. Their particular well packed, overlapping stacked layers and |
|
| 32:49 | play orientation. Okay, so let's the process of organic productivity in the |
|
| 33:10 | of organic preservation. Yeah, but two processes are the key elements that |
|
| 33:17 | to accumulation of socials. Okay. What you need is forecasting of source |
|
| 33:33 | . By understanding and analyzing tonics in climate. Billy geography, sedimentation res |
|
| 33:47 | productivity and preservation. Primary productivity and needs to formation of socials. |
|
| 33:57 | primary productivity, it's controlled by willing that bring nutrients from the sediment water |
|
| 34:14 | up to the 40s zone. These help in generation of organic matter um |
|
| 34:25 | is controlled by by symmetry, bi position by atmospheric circulation. Another mode |
|
| 34:38 | circulation will be thermo highlighting circulation. other is temperature of the water column |
|
| 34:45 | uh salinity of the water column. continental runoff, his rise to deltas |
|
| 34:56 | estuaries. All these bring nutrient supply the consisted. So primary productivity is |
|
| 35:07 | a very large extent by nutrient Primary productivity also depends on light |
|
| 35:16 | since since it depends on photosynthesis like is dependent on latitude, tear ability |
|
| 35:24 | the water column and solar flux. salinity impacts primary productivity. It impacts |
|
| 35:35 | temperature, distinct precipitation and evaporation in water salinity in ocean um areas. |
|
| 35:58 | . Okay. Mhm nutrient supply in water column is impacted by external input |
|
| 36:15 | internal recycling. External input altitude, runoff, Spring discharge. All that |
|
| 36:24 | the nutrient supply. Um water column , affected by internal recycling is constrained |
|
| 36:41 | latitude and altitude that causes water column . Mm hmm. Mhm. It |
|
| 36:52 | a map of global maps shows the of fighter plankton productivity. The margins |
|
| 37:03 | country's more so than than not would the western margins of the major |
|
| 37:13 | So south America and this would be own of very high high try to |
|
| 37:21 | productivity. The western margin of Africa a very high zone productivity, very |
|
| 37:29 | zone productivity. That's basically showing the concept. You've got the western margins |
|
| 37:46 | the continents that are preferred zones of . This is a time sequence. |
|
| 37:58 | from the you've seen them a Triassic in showing all the stones that favor |
|
| 38:08 | social accumulation. And we can see are emphasizing the western margins of these |
|
| 38:22 | . Okay, organic productivity is obviously by Uh huh turbidity. His |
|
| 38:36 | Since sunlight is very critical for photosynthesis turbidity is very critical parameter and durability |
|
| 38:44 | course is influenced by the position of conference. So activity uh increases with |
|
| 38:54 | ability because of Yeah, yeah sunlight prevented from being influential. So input |
|
| 39:10 | and solar input higher the productivity. dioxide in the water color the higher |
|
| 39:17 | carbon dioxide higher the productivity. The lower latitudes meaning equatorial and tropical latitudes |
|
| 39:36 | have much higher productivity than northern And or attitudes productivity is influenced by |
|
| 39:50 | supply obviously. And since that is by sea level and sea level impact |
|
| 40:01 | extent of productivity. Read oxygen is on there. Free oxygen it's been |
|
| 40:11 | . Water oxygen does not impact productivity to impact no activity oxygen is anything |
|
| 40:24 | impact preservation prediction. The organic method oxidation. So you need oxygen depleted |
|
| 40:36 | rather than oxygen in rich jones we're about. I'm ready to put it |
|
| 40:41 | you. Primary productivity is strictly nutrient and sunlight but if you have an |
|
| 40:49 | environment, isn't that? Yes, , reservation protection from oxidation preservation. |
|
| 41:14 | here we're focusing only on productivity. when you have the ability you're impairing |
|
| 41:30 | reduces productivity. Solar input in enhances . Carbon dioxide content enhances productive |
|
| 41:44 | latitude in position since that impacts the input that impacts productivity, nutrient |
|
| 41:54 | Very key nutrient supply impacts productivity. , organic preservation. I want you |
|
| 42:28 | remember these three component diagrams because there will be pushes in the exam. |
|
| 42:36 | well require you calling up these these . So organic preservation is obviously a |
|
| 42:45 | of oxygen content. Option content is function of oxygen supply, oxygen demand |
|
| 43:01 | content will dictate anoxia which will influence , settling distance, circling distance means |
|
| 43:17 | to oxygen in the water column. if the water column is very |
|
| 43:22 | the chances of Jack from any water will be hired. So settling |
|
| 43:31 | and sedimentation rate sedimentation rate well cover matter and sediment and enhance preservation. |
|
| 43:44 | of chemical oxidizer is in the water . High sulfate content, high nitrate |
|
| 43:49 | . These are oxidizer. They will to attack organic matter, destroy it |
|
| 43:57 | therefore impacting organic preservation. Oxygen supply one thing oxygen demand is another. |
|
| 44:06 | higher the oxygen demand means oxygen is up by organic matter. The higher |
|
| 44:13 | preservation is going to be, the the price the biological productivity. The |
|
| 44:19 | the they they hired the preservation it that enhances anoxia. So. |
|
| 44:33 | Uh photosynthesis is the magic zone. In Arabic respiration, anaerobic respiration can |
|
| 45:06 | very significant in terms of preservation. existence of some fate. Yeah, |
|
| 45:13 | carbon needs so on. Um Okay selling scalability. This is a relationship |
|
| 45:40 | the effective oxygen content and the effect salinity. The higher the salinity, |
|
| 46:06 | lower the oxygen scalability. They lower solemnity, the higher oxygen cell |
|
| 46:14 | Um Who just keeps the script reservation . Bye, environments. I'm showing |
|
| 46:42 | the different preservation factors from very low to very high levels in Baltimore to |
|
| 46:51 | zones expressed by the red line open semi isolated basis, oxygen minimum jones |
|
| 47:03 | anoxic basis. The um preservation factors from very low levels to very high |
|
| 47:17 | in anoxic sealed basis. Um Again is a very simple minded the diagram |
|
| 47:34 | the you take it off organic carbon on preservation. The higher the organic |
|
| 47:41 | content, the higher the preservation Hi iris dement stationary. The higher |
|
| 47:47 | free But you get to a point there is too much sediment and you're |
|
| 47:52 | the organic matter. So there is optimum level settling rate, settling time |
|
| 48:01 | the longer the organic matter remains in water column, the less the preserved |
|
| 48:09 | matter. Mhm. Where the the lower just observation factor, oxygen |
|
| 48:18 | . It negatively impacts preserved patient factors content negatively impact preservation factory. |
|
| 48:29 | Um This the slide is from the by the maison and more. Um |
|
| 48:38 | showing the four types of business and business. Uh Pear youtube traffic settings |
|
| 48:47 | this strategy, erratic distribution of anoxic within them and toxic leaks. Uh |
|
| 48:53 | geographic settings are usually equivalent. Warm early lift situations. Intermountain business. |
|
| 49:03 | have continuous uh position. Mhm. seen um and obviously exist um um |
|
| 49:18 | to warm, rainy interpret, tonic anoxic pockets on shelves Will give rise |
|
| 49:26 | an ox 16 basis. Um The solution of salt trucks in these basis |
|
| 49:34 | the evil that tends to be reached bottom of basis or in certain pockets |
|
| 49:41 | the ocean floor and knocks eclairs accompanying upwelling. So in terms of feeling |
|
| 49:50 | rise to organic enrichment in ocean shelves low latitudes and western sides of continents |
|
| 50:00 | shown me a map showing how the sides of continents are favored favorite sites |
|
| 50:09 | organic reservation anoxic open oceans. Yeah. Okay. Okay temperature |
|
| 50:36 | Um You can have a system like uh sink line that I'm showing |
|
| 50:43 | You've got warm, oxygen rich water the surface then there will be his |
|
| 50:49 | pillow which the oxygen content uh is low. You can have a permanent |
|
| 50:57 | call them to guidance temperature barrier with sediments or the water column below that |
|
| 51:07 | line is usually cooler. Uh Spencer the water is oxygen. Oh, |
|
| 51:18 | Tanganyika for example, in West like even in West Africa, the |
|
| 51:23 | sea in the Middle East. So um counterparts would be the using green |
|
| 51:35 | shale, green river ship. You know about the green river shell, |
|
| 51:40 | ? It's just so struck, it's a it's a black shale. Um |
|
| 51:48 | in Indonesia, the major source structure Indonesia, Arlie Ramadan brown shells in |
|
| 51:54 | Sumatra you've seen and will be seen um in china Angola, the bone |
|
| 52:02 | Southern Sudan, the equivalent modern counterpart be the dead sea. Here, |
|
| 52:16 | attempting to show the photography of these lakes in West Africa. Uh in |
|
| 52:25 | of their wits, their maximum motor stratification and primary productivity in Lake |
|
| 52:36 | That leak is about 30 miles It's about 180 ft deep. There |
|
| 52:43 | no mhm water column stratification but primary is quite high productivity like Edward |
|
| 52:56 | which in that basin water column is deep. There is a seasonal |
|
| 53:05 | Um Primary activity can be as high 1500 g of carbon per square meter |
|
| 53:16 | year. Point out they give him contrast to Albert and Edward. |
|
| 53:24 | See how deep the water columnists. is a prime minister ratification citizen and |
|
| 53:31 | productivity. Is that an average of g of carbon per square meter per |
|
| 53:38 | . Tanganyika is 50 miles wide, 4000 ft deep. There is permanent |
|
| 53:46 | there. And the primary productivity. , at 300 the 15 names of |
|
| 53:53 | per square meter per year. So uh huh leaks that you can use |
|
| 53:59 | anna logs to ancient counterparts. You clean from there. Uh huh. |
|
| 54:12 | what their productivity that you like and also what their certification level is and |
|
| 54:22 | their preservation level. Here. I'm the photography of these different leagues. |
|
| 54:31 | Albert is at the top Maximum maximum depth is about 280 ft. Uh |
|
| 54:39 | productivity is quite quite high. Um even is the one in uh again |
|
| 54:55 | Edward seasonally stratified. So Lake Albert not stratified at all leak. Edward |
|
| 55:08 | stratified. Like the book is permanently and Lake Tanganyika is permanently stratified. |
|
| 55:20 | is the activity is relatively low in to like Edward and nick Albert. |
|
| 55:28 | the stratification is a very key element enhancing the preservation and therefore the social |
|
| 55:37 | . So on this left panel, showing the social quality expressed in terms |
|
| 55:44 | organic carbon enrichment and generation potential with and veronica shown in this light blue |
|
| 55:55 | , leak uh given and then like . Yeah, yeah injured. |
|
| 56:21 | I want everybody to remember these There are three episodes of major source |
|
| 56:32 | devonian we all know about the devonian shales in north America. The british |
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| 56:41 | like ships the opportunity very is an of major source of the position investment |
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| 56:52 | sequences, sources developed principles during initial areas of vital plankton productivity are obviously |
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| 57:06 | be high in hydrogen content since hydrogen is critical information of source rocks. |
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| 57:17 | that's a critical factor. Terrestrial input delude both organic carbon content and the |
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| 57:26 | content of the organic matter bringing interesting which is highly oxidized. So if |
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| 57:35 | dealing with total hydrocarbon generation potential or total organic carbon content, you can |
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| 57:41 | why tressilian made a root organic carbon and the hydrogen content. High productivity |
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| 57:58 | be associated with my sea level productivity is maximized tropical settings. Tropical |
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| 58:07 | are ideal for both preservation and Mhm in north south seas appealing requires |
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| 58:32 | mature ocean is to assist appealing begins the onset of ocean information. My |
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| 58:42 | , high preservation potential is maximized in tropics stagnation and leeks and open shelves |
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| 58:51 | maximized in the tropics. The tropics remoteness from oxygen source sources and therefore |
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| 59:06 | enhance the chances for preservation. Lancastrian trucks. Most of the source trucks |
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| 59:14 | we have analyzed and characterized seem to developing in tectonic leaks. Pounds are |
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| 59:28 | favorable sites for accumulation of organic So we're talking about tectonic legs. |
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| 59:40 | water leaks form along continental margins and windward side of contentment. I think |
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| 60:06 | need help, you know. Right. Okay. Yeah, mistake |
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| 60:28 | me. Mhm. Service please. a trip. Yeah. Yes. |
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| 61:11 | . Second section finished. Uh Do you finish this 1? I |
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| 61:23 | at this point. What is He's still right. Yeah. Just |
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| 61:31 | . Okay. Oh these are Okay. Listen, if you have |
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| 62:16 | Yeah. Moments. So how's your ? |
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