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GEOL6372 Petroleum Geochemistry - Day6 05-06-2023 PM
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00:00 Ok, good afternoon. And, , hopefully we, we are all
00:11 up after lunch break. Yeah. , uh, you know,
00:15 I have very good lunch. And about you too? It's good.
00:20 still the chicken filet. I actually off. Oh, ok. A
00:29 . Ok. It's the, the me and still go to the same
00:34 . I, yeah, I continue order dumpling and, uh, make
00:40 , make sure there's no, no, any issues for my
00:45 Yeah. And Robbie, he, changed his styles every time.
00:52 Yeah. Ok. Great. That come back from the last lecture of
00:59 course. I'm looking forward for the, the, the,
01:03 the last part I believe that you're looking for the, for the last
01:07 as well. Yeah. And, , hopefully we can, we can
01:12 this last part a little bit early this week. And, uh,
01:18 tell and he already download, some literature reference about six of
01:23 Yeah, he will upload it to , to the website and then you
01:28 choose, you can choose one of and, uh, or maybe end
01:33 the class, we can discuss OK, it's just three of you
01:37 say, OK, I want to this one and then you choose one
01:40 make sure do not repeat it. then we can let the email turns
01:46 says, you know, the rest three or rest of the two,
01:50 can choose, choose one. So that's OK. And then come
01:56 to our the materials and about the and numerical modeling of higher carbon supply
02:04 carbon volumes and uh still reach the balance basis for reserve as match.
02:12 those are the approaches to reserve And uh that's different methods what you
02:19 here. That's uh let me Let me wear my glasses, extrapolation
02:29 the his historical trends and the area of volumetric yield and the subjective assessment
02:40 us CS uh the method and the volume approach at recovery reserves and uh
02:50 the regular thickness, effective pro fill factor and recovery factor and geo chemical
02:58 balance method that's empirical as the best process and, and also the different
03:06 of the best models as modeling. uh we already covered this one.
03:13 try to, we already cover this , we cover this one as well
03:18 uh I believe we cover this one well. So this is a worksheet
03:22 use in estimation reserves uh given So step one define the there a
03:32 for the prospect and step two, number of points. Within the gather
03:39 area run decimal to estimate volume, oil and uh in per unit of
03:48 average of how many barrels of the . It's actually that's what uh what
03:53 see that, that first, you , we will collect the at me
03:58 information what we have. And the step is do that to the select
04:04 points and uh do the best modeling particular for the summer history Steps three
04:12 each point multiply the volume of expel oil by the thickness of the source
04:20 convert to the barrel oil per And the step five full calculate average
04:30 of expected oil for for the entire . And step five determine the area
04:38 the gather area in acreage in a step six multi. The figures obtained
04:46 the step four and five of oil over the entire gather area. And
04:54 given up the the the the volume oils in barrels and multiply step
05:02 multiply the figures between the step six appropriate transfer efficient factor to estimate the
05:10 of valuable oil for treatment. Sub , multiply the oil available for improvement
05:18 appropriate recovery efficiency to estimate a recover for the prospect and step nine for
05:27 track that you wish to bid on the convertible reserves to the proposed by
05:37 fraction of prospects that underline the So this the the right side
05:44 that shows that shows that the I the work flow. So we have
05:50 data from the data model and also a data, data area and from
05:57 from the uh T S A And then we have an average of
06:04 expelled times the data from T S analysis and get a total expelled volume
06:11 the total expelled the oil in barrels transfer efficient factor and to, to
06:20 , to get the oil available for . You see that the transformation and
06:27 the 0.4, that means it is 4%. Only the only 4% of
06:34 expelled oil got the, got the . That's uh 69 to 6% is
06:42 they, they, they lost in career and oil available for the government
06:49 have recovery efficiency. The recovery efficiency gave a 25%. It's uh the
06:58 is only recovers. This is the 0.25%. If you look at those
07:05 , this is about 4%. This about, that is about 0.25% and
07:12 time together is about 1% 1% of total expelled oil don't become a
07:20 So you think about that is a small part of that and then the
07:27 reserves pro for prospect and also the included a fraction underlying the and
07:36 get the recover for the. So bottom line, what you can see
07:43 , what you see here is you know, generator oil you expelled
07:48 then go to the trap, go the trap along the migration pathways on
07:53 , in the river. And that earlier on the few percent of that
08:01 into the. So how, how of, of this kind of and
08:10 big a risk they are and you on this kind of things,
08:14 you can have some, some thinking the, the how big risk of
08:21 oil exploration uh in, in in the conventional system. This
08:31 we already show that and I pass one and uh we already show that
08:36 then let's say using the mature and C to estimate the, the,
08:41 free oil. And so that's the how that works is because some
08:48 increase it so that the current conversion is increased at, we already talk
08:57 this one already. And uh this transformation transfer efficiency factors for the C
09:06 plus hydrocarbon, the cells to track , the, the, the constant
09:11 efficiency tractor. This actually if you at the probability and the probability for
09:26 auto, beyond that, the efficiency that or less, so that's a
09:41 is high. OK? Come to last portion. This is uh
09:51 that is I think the Professor disorder he really like this part. You
09:57 that he put the art and the of the geochemical in which and uh
10:04 this can work on using molecular and chemistry of migratory and gas to infer
10:14 be identity in the absence of The point, the point is that
10:22 what is the in that means if have produced the oil, produce the
10:29 , have their characteristics, which we at a molecular composition and also,
10:38 uh of this oil and uh referring the sauce identification and uh the reason
10:50 that because that no samples are So that's that this is what
10:57 what we do there. I think asking me why they do that,
11:02 oil oil analysis. That's, that's , that's the purpose that that's a
11:09 uh decided he called, this is a geochemical. I think that that's
11:15 good word. And uh now it's let us because our system and uh
11:23 look at this is elements such as and it turns the various of processes
11:34 already covered and the on the top the preservation of the alteration encoder cover
11:47 every processes which we are, we talking about in the, in the
11:55 . And we also have the the big, big portion of the
12:01 uh have some portion of the reservoirs , and some portion of the I
12:11 after this classes start, may you have a geology class, geology class
12:24 uh and all of the things. I don't think they talk about too
12:35 of the and main, mainly in time. And uh the requirement for
12:52 evaluation of the exploration and exploitation opportunities uh you should identify and match your
13:02 and determine your capacity of your The volume of your and uh assess
13:11 hyper carbon supply volumes, which is carbon charge. We talked about a
13:16 already about the the geochemical uh material balance and uh try to eliminate migration
13:28 and assess the hydrocarbon supply volume and the migration patterns and uh require require
13:36 system magic analysis that a source rock . OK. We and the social
13:45 . We talk about social attributes. , you know, we this morning
13:50 already make that comparison, you know social A attributes and the message and
13:55 name me about that. What is are key social rock attributes?
14:05 What else? OK. Yeah. of current type. Yeah.
14:20 Yeah. Volume. Oh great, . You, you got everything.
14:27 , wonderful. I appreciate that. . And uh and the source so
14:33 distribution actually do the mapping and the transformation potential which is to the submitting
14:43 the level of submit this is the , the maturity and the source transform
14:50 efficiency. We we we know that the the about 69% of the expelled
14:58 has been lost in the the the top top transfer efficiency is from zero
15:06 the maxim is setting most of them levels. The correlation of the to
15:14 hydrocarbons and uh to the other and the effective source base. That is
15:22 we do the, do the oil source, oil, oil correlation
15:28 the oil six correlation and oil source actually is what we talk about
15:35 So I'm happy to see that. then, so this is the
15:40 I always think that flu chat is for us to build our concept.
15:45 totally that, that the flu chat actually that the work working procedure.
15:52 that what you can see that we input character with the produce oil and
16:04 , and then we can do the and then did the and for the
16:14 part and we got the, and those ones have also and,
16:28 and that, so you see that use a different, we do not
16:33 do that. They only use this uh this for the 550 so that
16:54 . And also, and then, I perform the graphic and the sa
17:10 most for the oil and the, uh and then from the,
17:17 the high performance which is the normal everybody has a para and everything.
17:30 then we, and then we want G C and the P P I
17:41 I R are the people that and so that to this level to
17:54 some and also to run the organic and uh and the, the,
18:10 black and for natural gas and we for each, each, each
18:18 So this is a very uh in to do the, this kind of
18:23 , this is a kind of an , you know, so you,
18:27 see that on at your, at like, like like us, like
18:33 and I have, I run, have many equipment in my lab and
18:38 various of analysis. And uh I do have a G C,
18:44 don't have AC C mask and I not really have a very expensive equipment
18:49 as G C I R mask for uh Houston, the Houston,
18:55 you can have, you do, do have a almost uh I think
18:59 almost have everything, this thing, , this are really uh not long
19:06 . It's a doctor that he Um Yeah, yeah, that's uh
19:22 the future. Just, just remember the future after you when you're working
19:28 the company or, or you visit lab and try to try to get
19:34 the, to look at the and will see, you will see that
19:38 let them to introduce to you and watch the, watch an analytical procedure
19:45 the, the can give out. , that's why you know, like
19:55 like the, so you, you a lot of the software and developed
20:02 run the, your data, data performing performance. Yeah, data evaluation
20:09 uh for the geology for the we do have a, we have
20:13 lot of tools to curve around our like X five D and the same
20:21 and all those kind of things. for what actually what you look at
20:27 chemistry, you look at the chemical because uh you get that while you
20:34 at chemical composition, people actually relate to our source rock or getting
20:40 time and react to the sub some r to the various of the
20:48 alteration processes that you can count from OK. The elements of risk are
21:04 easy to assess for the deep water the ultra deep water. So that
21:12 reason is also of the generally not by, it's like uh like the
21:19 , you know, we see that source rock is actually very deeper to
21:23 20,000 ft. It's that not And uh that's one thing and the
21:32 of so and the maturity most the water only penetrate to the after 5000
21:43 . So if you do not really the don, not really reach the
21:47 the, that's why my, you not have a really good calibration for
21:52 Children. And for the in terms the oil charge and so and information
22:01 charge under operation, it impossible to sense because you do not have,
22:08 you do not have this, you no idea about and charging all those
22:14 of issues. So that's why and uh this map shows the global
22:23 of deep water and deep water basin production and announce the discoveries. You
22:30 that those are the, the different I'm, I'm not going to read
22:35 the things and you have an idea the deep water basin, uh
22:40 the distribution, what a wild. uh we already talk about this.
22:51 what is the system in the deep and deep water? So all traps
22:59 the second traps that field and the generation explosion still need to talk about
23:07 . And uh they talk about the stage or second stage of vibration.
23:12 is the, the, the, , the after the oil trapped in
23:19 first trap and uh electron because electronic and the, the oil in the
23:26 trap, the, the oil trap the can be from the to the
23:34 the and, and, and uh , you know, we talk about
23:42 alteration of mix. So it's uh the, the, the for the
23:47 deep water petroleum system analysis and the for the objective evaluation of the deep
23:54 , deep water with on there. uh it's to see that we need
24:03 have that and also have uh to the hydrocarbon supply and the migration pa
24:10 . This is a very, very , very interesting on what you can
24:15 that. OK. That uh that's the look at the gold box.
24:20 don't have a charge model and uh is that five kilometers and uh all
24:30 10 kilometers and they, they still in the depth of the is about
24:43 kilometers, eight kilometers per steep. uh and don't, don't, don't
24:50 um you would be right and that kind of the uh and uh and
25:00 , and the settlements are a you know, from the previous this
25:27 . So what, what you can that the, the field and uh
25:34 virtually sips from a deep or by second stage of which cooperation actually,
25:44 , what we talk about that also by the and a single stage
25:53 So that, that, that the model that the signature for of
26:01 and, and uh for the primary rock for the after out at the
26:10 after of body cabinets and a classic . And so that's, you see
26:22 that if you have a really and you have a high potential for it
26:30 be and even the, even the from the, the, the,
26:37 , the, the destroyed and the know that the uh model and uh
26:57 long as the at a different different car and uh of the,
27:06 platform. And, well, once can see that this, this is
27:12 , basically the, and those are last and, and also the high
27:39 this is the, this is the of the M and then the,
27:44 the money can also what you consider thought, the thought is actually have
27:52 the condition and then is the mo literally along the and additional additional and
28:07 that how, how you can have very good, actually play a very
28:14 for your child. And then on side of from the different age and
28:48 this separate, that they do have different purpose. So I think that's
28:59 , that that's the kind of things that should in this one. And
29:07 so the evidence of what co operation the operation in the north is the
29:14 and uh this is the, this block. So what you can see
29:21 this, this side, you have , the and, and uh different
29:46 then you put the, the, and we know that the increase of
29:59 increase the gene become he and after of our, and then look at
30:17 , look at the, from the, the cross section here.
30:24 then, yeah, and that and this is the model that
30:40 and uh this is a very very nice linear correlation. And uh
30:46 on that you can of your gas is look at this in
30:54 So the, that, that is original sauce, sauce rock and people
31:05 very and uh but I said, kind of operation and uh in the
31:27 of for the system analysis have three . So that means that we do
31:34 have a source how the, that best model can tell us. Of
31:41 , you can make uh make a the sub attribute of the system.
31:47 secondly, you can attribute from the to environment and the physical chemical
31:56 And the last you can input the characters, including the maturity,
32:03 identified the potential and the character of . So actually, actually the and
32:16 those, those are the, those the things if you have, do
32:21 have rocks and you still can do . And uh this slide just shows
32:29 , you know, if you that cause the cold and the in
32:37 , in a deep deep sea, , deep, the deep sea and
32:42 for the oil exploration and they will some uh some sediments in a,
32:48 a, in a sea and then the additional analysis to indicate if there
32:55 kind of the can be detected. is how all this kind of system
33:06 . And uh because the people dream the sample into the deep water
33:12 water, deep water regions, the have all those things with a very
33:23 or, or cheese, no you know, the the the even
33:29 kind of the collection, it is expensive but much cheaper than you do
33:37 dry hole. Yeah. So that you do the hole and do much
33:41 much of the work you can so if you can see that some and
33:46 , some uh some segments and then the more detail, the numerous sites
33:56 the age have been identified through the the world and thousands of calls have
34:03 collected and evaluation original source character. other words, if you, if
34:09 go to the some new area and you, you look at the reference
34:14 over some available commercial database and you will collect some existing data and
34:22 from the from the thousands of the and they already have actually good
34:29 good stuff. But before before you make any kind of a new
34:35 to collect your own uh just uh are key components in the deep water
34:44 also deep water regions. So that that is one of the things that
34:50 keep in mind if you work on in the future, work on the
34:54 water and deep water, which for oil exploration. And uh before the
35:04 and you, you search a lot the existing commercial data based because this
35:10 , this one is much, much , much, much cheaper and compared
35:15 any kind of option so that any kind of information if you make it
35:24 and then you do the that before really can provide some very useful information
35:31 lower your risk. And yeah, is about chemical, I like
35:40 this this this kind of the concept the the going they got some
35:48 Yeah, they got some oil from , from the oil. And then
35:55 we can launch, what should we can launch from this oil to a
36:00 analysis. They can learn about the that means a sauce or what kind
36:10 energy bacteria or have actually referring it . So, yeah, and uh
36:18 the condition of it's uh is this marine and software reducing? So you
36:30 can, you do the detailed you can learn a lot of the
36:35 from the geology that and uh also can learn about this. So that's
36:49 the the this is just a few and they can the information what we
36:57 want to get through the detail. paper is about geology. And uh
37:04 is, this is, this yeah. And then for the is
37:13 uh and uh so is that the the compared to the the uh the
37:33 organisms evolution and also the other has history of this? Look at
37:46 What what we really do, the the whole purpose we do the
37:51 oil analysis detail, the oil, and all everything back to back to
37:59 . Yeah, back to geology. is, that's the whole purpose because
38:04 information, this all this information can used by the geologist. And also
38:18 we already talk about this later in to run the chemical equation. This
38:23 a tool box. Oh That's a box in the US actually,
38:27 that the, the you have you almost have everything, do
38:32 do the characterization and the software. uh the in the, this is
38:44 , this, this is the uh from the G C mass and the
38:53 the structure from the blue, blue in this area, they do have
39:06 various of the important information for, say that about the whole prints stirring
39:14 the the all those kind of information from from the that is how we
39:26 get some biomass. And uh this the kind of things you know,
39:32 I want to emphasize a little bit think about that. We have big
39:40 . Yeah, when the character molecule suddenly decomposed, they will generate the
39:48 molecules and also heavier molecules, heavier . In terms of the structure
39:56 chemical structure cell will be more likely to the car itself. So that's
40:04 that's why the the people look at market to look at the very,
40:10 heavy C 27 to 6. And OK. This is saturated biomass in
40:23 I I definitely do, do not you to remember those things, but
40:27 want to give you some uh give some uh some kind of ideas how
40:32 read this slide. OK. Do remember it but I want you this
40:37 called, which I mentioned before. see that 81 234, 84 numbers
40:47 one branch. One actually the, the, the, the point this
40:53 a very, very, very important that heritage the some uh some of
41:00 , the precursors of the living So that's what, yeah, and
41:10 called the tree, you know, , you know, the,
41:19 yeah, the, the 123 and actually contains three rings that and then
41:33 here, there's a, the Yeah. Yeah. So yeah,
41:40 exactly how they can name those There's that everything, the still the
41:46 , carbon, single part there is one like for the and then go
41:53 the example. The example is that is the kind of the very important
42:00 compounds on the gay and those kind things is it it's very typical,
42:09 typical tree. And because that because is the and really good information about
42:25 source of the source in the and so after the rain, six minutes
42:39 the, but another another one is look at it was it was different
42:54 that. And uh those are those are the another here this uh
43:02 is uh how, how the structure like you don't need to remember that
43:07 those, those things are, it's whole on the that is very important
43:15 the the the components. And uh , organic biomarkers is organic molecules include
43:27 oil and the it retains in their information about the about that that
43:36 they retain the structure information about the biological input and the the environment and
43:46 geological history. That's why they can that, that the like fingerprints and
43:52 call the biomarker. And uh this is uh the originally, originally and
44:04 the, this kind of, of , this kind of the, the
44:10 or uh we know that C O this function of the work, this
44:19 of work can be relatively easy to released in a very early stage of
44:31 or that's the, that's the, the, if you look at the
44:36 , it's very simple. It's that's why the bank can treat the
44:42 based on the this the markers and original structure molecules are even. And
44:55 I think that's uh what, what really want. You at least,
45:01 know, that's the one of the that is what is biomarker.
45:06 I want you to know the definition the biomarker is you understand that now
45:11 understand that biomarker itself actually retain the information. That is what kind of
45:20 the original biological input that uh actually uh this, this is the original
45:29 original status of the and then after diagnosis of become biers, and if
45:40 look at the first one, then really inherit the structures, chemical
45:46 That's why, that's why your biomarkers trace back and trace back of your
45:53 living organs. I doesn't want you pay more attention about the definition
46:01 , yeah. And uh this the rest of the information is help
46:06 , help you to understand why the can give us information of biological
46:15 OK. This is a very typical uh on the M 191 group that
46:32 group group of the, the, each of the. And so look
46:42 this one actually that uh and a is a, actually this uh this
46:52 normal hope that this, this line that this like very small to
47:00 No, no, no is, a only two of us. And
47:11 picture is, and this picture is whole and this is a small cheap
47:19 that, that also if the, and the people will that yeah,
47:26 to the higher and then you have , they have the, the,
47:38 , the, it's actually the common is that the only difference if they
47:45 , they, they are the, , the structure difference. The uh
47:55 is also very good in the, the S S R and B I
48:03 that as a imagery, if the is almost uh almost uh not listed
48:09 then that reach the really of. that is the, how, how
48:16 a lot of information, there's a of information that, that look
48:20 look at this, that is how , if you in the future,
48:26 you're really interested, you see that in in our in our field in
48:32 chemistry field as bi guide book, was the two, the 22 of
48:40 , one of that is a that is a very big, very
48:46 And so all talk about and uh also also have a family. I'm
48:56 this one. Let's see indication of indication that all all, all in
49:10 this kind of the very detailed information us uh give us some very useful
49:16 to refer back to the source This is the ice. We we
49:25 uh show this this table yesterday. what we see that is the the
49:40 only come. It's like I and the the point is we want to
49:48 at the enrichment of the hero carbon in the product because the enrichment is
49:56 a medicine one plus shows that you your maturity is actually that the carbon
50:03 the the the values become a bigger bigger. That means that the enrichment
50:10 the heavier of the mass become more is the of the heavier relatively to
50:23 international standards that come up, come with the comparable values. You can
50:30 it to a different type of. for the OK, that's I think
50:39 it. Uh we already covered this . But like this, this this
50:44 more details. Let's try to go this side on there. So the
50:49 the deep water and deep water approaching and the elements of the risk are
50:56 equal to that. Some area do include the due to the great barrier
51:05 and the high cost and the address by referring most likely have chemical of
51:18 and act of oil and oil in and the source of current type of
51:36 and paic climate and the on the . And for the maturity, most
51:44 water will only penetrate to the 300,000 of the. And the it uh
51:56 can see the history of the actually D or two D with the and
52:08 by the current matching against the actual from the. In other words,
52:15 try to get as much as this with a very cost. And for
52:21 real real data, actually what you here, that's it. You
52:27 you have the some, some of data and using the surface heat your
52:34 you fill the shallow valves in a and then recording that your temperature change
52:42 the time and get uh that that of reference reference, the the reference
52:48 the cat when the calibrate to hit he is important. Yeah. And
52:57 and then you do the match and how you model to refer to the
53:03 the very, very top of the temperature temperature you model prediction compared to
53:14 but still get some gave give some Cali get some calibration but not really
53:20 enough, but you still get some that's one and inferring chemical that I
53:28 that really good that you can get data because of the. And from
53:43 you don't have a, the, , the accumulator oil in, you
53:49 some and you do analysis of the geochemical analysis compositions on the aspect
53:56 you can referring back to the, really provide you some reliable,
54:04 the data to calibrate you and also once and maturity are in and migration
54:14 on remigration and addressed through original geology . And two through the,
54:31 again, that will bring this, one back. So that's what,
54:35 it means is that if you do to run your model and uh if
54:41 get the, if you want, want to get them the most reliable
54:46 information data in particularly in deep water the deep water, I think the
54:54 always the most reliable source. You use it for model. Uh
55:00 we already uh this already and uh is at about the indication of the
55:09 paraf distribution that relate to the, the, the the distribution distribution of
55:19 whole as an indicator of the marine , oil was a source. And
55:31 let's just show the biomarkers, biomarkers the Mexico to ask for it.
55:38 they can the, and uh if look at this one, let's
55:43 OK, exactly this act that three the concentration will go to the and
55:51 what that tells us, that tells high profile are greater than higher plants
56:01 based on this kind of the, , the geochemical signature. And then
56:07 can make a referring inferring and about uh living organisms. And for,
56:16 the concentration, the concentration, I that L L G is more than
56:25 bacterial. So, and uh carbon the night, the, the concentration
56:34 greater than the 27 experience concentration that's as G. So that is
56:44 that is the, the, the do a lot of study, they
56:48 the key studies, the summarize all things and those, those are the
56:53 up the reference data for us to . So that's uh that's how
56:59 how they referring here. And let's bring this this one back and
57:05 already talked about this one already is the 304 352. It's either this
57:17 the one one, the number larger the, all the, all the
57:27 the different different sources to the facts the oil. This is from a
57:37 global systems from the marine car distal shell, marine shell that call the
57:48 of source that come up in this of. But you can see
57:52 let me say it what you can that is look at the, look
57:57 the system, the system is uh blue square on the triangles.
58:07 if you have a cabinet system, system and this is much higher than
58:18 and I have to show this this which you can see that and the
58:33 the the value of the. So is this is the how I can
58:44 this, this kind of the the 150 global system that happen. If
58:51 get the oil samples from a dual , you do analysis on this chat
58:58 then you get some, some understanding the actually that and uh this line
59:08 the ratio, the oil and also 100 and 50 system and from the
59:16 uh different kind of it's actually c to 30 ratio and that's 1 31
59:28 . And uh then you can see and think this well, yeah,
59:32 is data, the square and the of the triangle. And if you
59:39 at the show the show, you , you can really can once you
59:46 this kind of the reference and then you draw your analysis and then you
59:51 purchase your samples, purchase your sample in this and you get some and
60:02 one is another one is uh extended ratios in the oils and still in
60:10 global a and uh what you can that if you have a shadow water
60:34 water, you have a over And uh it shows the Biers are
60:52 , the positional indicate indication. And what you can see that this is
60:59 to 3.1 uh ratio and that one 4 to 6.3 ratio. And uh
61:06 carbonate follows in this. And uh , so you, you see that
61:16 see that the, the varia variation the, of this uh the the
61:23 corresponding to a different system. And this one, it shows the map
61:32 the, I think in the And the other example of the
61:41 the system has three cycle. And what you can see that uh this
61:47 point and the yellow points shows a C P in and the moderate and
62:01 the, the, the show and the blue blue sauce and that,
62:15 the, so that you can see actually in this area from the ocean
62:23 the and actually you see that clearly input from a high grounds from the
62:32 the, what is, what is , the uh from the, so
62:40 , what the, what the is is used to determine the amount of
62:47 in the source of the oil, oil should in the orange and the
62:53 above are likely from this younger uh or have a dominant contribution that the
63:03 the and the input source environment and organ input. And uh this uh
63:14 is very common, the, the very, very useful so that
63:20 you know why to 10 that this yeah, that's uh four numbers have
63:33 . Uh And also that I think the same and this, this actually
63:54 of the smaller and smaller increasing. then, and also, and
64:09 and the position of this direction, of this, you can see that
64:21 , this area is actually should have character. OK. This one.
64:31 then because the is the, which uh damaged by the materials on this
64:42 the mixing the character. So that's that's very useful, it's very
64:51 Uh And uh can be used for, for the you any,
64:58 , any medicines that you are working . And uh this one is also
65:08 , the, the plot shows the you can see that the and that
65:18 the the of pregnancy, that more two more on this here and
65:28 the the political system here and the system both over there. And so
65:38 also very clear and this shows the curve and the project projects, the
65:50 values for the crude oil data are to the data happens of, of
65:59 current. So without that, we uh oil, you can separate it
66:06 the paramedics, two compounds. As each group, you can measure the
66:13 as once you see the, the and then increasing and go to
66:32 So in line to get the car this one on the side, I
66:59 it. And uh also you see see the run the individual carbon and
67:06 this one and uh you run the G C, you can determine
67:12 rest of the, the and uh will give the, give the of
67:22 , of the is about minus 27 , some kind of a uh
67:49 Let's talk about the inversion of carbon data and the normal LKING carbon numbers
67:56 data in a crude oil. So are depositional environments. And uh you
68:03 to see the, see the bottom curve is actually normal abundance and uh
68:11 to each individual kind abundance and look different. Yeah. And then you
68:18 look at the deep water and people supposed to act, they can ask
68:26 the M I and then for the and then have a and this here
68:46 three and uh those, those and ones and there's lot of shallow water
69:00 uh the light actually the contains uh some which have a different,
69:11 maybe a higher I know. do do those things. And uh
69:23 , those, those information give give the idea that a different,
69:29 uh source rocks deposits under the deep on the shallow water, you have
69:35 different car, got the car Yeah, this is, we already
69:49 this one before and uh I'm gonna this one and we also show this
69:55 before and this one is the influence the mixture. So that's on the
70:02 composition. OK. That's uh I this is the one we started.
70:09 it the area A PC and the A that kind of the, the
70:17 signature and area B have this kind signature area have this kind of
70:24 So what they, the oil, oil stuff that, that's true.
70:46 , and then the from the, the this area is actually there is
70:52 mix between the two in the oil here is actually that mix between
71:03 between these two kind of. if you look at that, you
71:15 influence the theology of the species of oil from the Mark rats in the
71:24 . And uh also include the chi and coal. And uh what you
71:31 see that we, we already show that you know all this with the
71:36 about uh so will be before they the deep water before and the,
71:48 whole of the, the the increase the cost and the, the the
72:01 of the 3.9 30 in the increase the country which is referring to the
72:11 uh dome system, the three cycle uh and the and can you confirm
72:26 this or are there and show the of classic influence in the cabinet?
72:34 , and we already, I think already show this one as well and
72:38 the, those are the dominant, faces and the next one is dominant
72:46 this this this numbers increase. So to the the the the more contribution
72:55 influenced by the classic. So another is the ology and from another what
73:08 see here is the the gravity but better you see that increase of gravity
73:21 is referring the increase of the sum you know and know that the
73:32 you know that ratio see that three they have a almost identical, almost
73:43 the ratio, the the source of sa and actually that from same source
73:57 uh with, with all, all the given predominance, etcetera and
74:10 is the most so that if you at those one is actually that almost
74:25 . But if you look at the obviously the difference, but that means
74:31 is actually referring really mature stages some once you get into or we do
74:38 same. So that is not really very good indicator once you get
74:46 . So that is I think about some kind of the the which I'm
74:54 , OK, we already look at and uh that we, we already
75:05 look at this one as well. , that's the very typical, very
75:11 on the uh based on uh based the mass and uh OK, another
75:21 that very important ratio is that is that is M ratios and the job
75:27 cause so much to him to catch and and what what you can see
75:34 what you can see that is those the T M. It's uh it's
75:40 , if you look at the, at the, the key all of
75:45 , it's a tree tree. no, no. Is the
75:52 no, you, so that's That, that's the only difference is
75:56 only difference is that see that the, the only difference is
76:03 the, this one, this are that, that is the structure of
76:13 molecules that and uh it actually this the from here to here go after
76:25 uh then we change this also use for the for the monitoring, the
76:35 of the thermal conversion and during the oil thermal U R processes. So
76:42 T S T M ratios is it's very useful because it's uh you
76:46 , we know that C P I not good for the oil window but
76:51 T S T M ratios will be for you the the pick of the
76:56 window. And then this is this is we always show that is
77:01 the carbon tops of the medicine versus . And uh you can give
77:08 give the ideas of the based on top, the ideas of the of
77:21 uh this is based on the, at the, the still look at
77:26 gas and look at the problem which carbon numbers have three and uh look
77:32 top of the property, what is top of the and the change,
77:38 is the challenge you can see that of which is this direction is actually
77:47 the policy getting heavy. And this the model. Once you measure your
77:54 samples, you can put it here then get uh get some uh some
78:00 about some material. So this is the interpretation concept and uh you have
78:11 curing the medicine and you look at is the, is the old one
78:26 and we have over here. And , and uh here are some and
78:42 if you do have a gas in mix thermogenic gas and also we can
78:52 and this because uh because the gas uh cause the, the it and
79:02 you can make a mix some of , how, how much contribution of
79:09 gas contribution to. And the reason that is to measure the,
79:17 the, the samples about the and is very similar to the, the
79:25 that, that's why the, the light is actually contributed by the
79:43 . We, we, we, think we already show this one before
79:48 uh let me pass this one and this is the distribution of natural gas
79:53 the base, you know, of Gulf of Mexico. And we see
79:58 there's gas in this area green uh and the, the gas because the
80:08 is larger than minus 65. And and also we have a similar in
80:20 in a range of minus one. it's much heavier than the kind
80:27 And then they do have to mix area for the. So that's,
80:31 suggests that it is suggest they have through the maturation, this area,
80:41 the the budget and gas in the part of this area and the gas
80:54 this transition area, maybe the, just in the middle and then I
81:01 the two faster gases. Yeah, uh and uh let's have a look
81:13 that one. Another one is been age. And uh that is
81:21 give the topic of the 607 at 35. And the I hope the
81:32 people that, that the, the this one. And uh so
81:44 see the two different things. This all of the oil that we see
81:54 oil signature in this one. And just the, if we see the
82:05 the oil. So this this kind range actually the, the not all
82:11 this OK. Let's talk about the of originated from the acid, the
82:29 in the flowering plants. That's why this bier once we see that this
82:35 actually relates to the, this relates high plants. So those, those
82:45 at different ages and uh show that the geological age and this one is
82:56 , this one what you consider photograph . Yeah, to the technical and
83:10 for Jurassic and uh which you can that that ratio is really very from
83:19 the various in the different ages of geographic. OK. This is the
83:30 of biomarkers as age indicator and uh that know that age still work like
83:39 are the age of the of the and uh know that, know that
83:54 noise or the normal. So I the the ranges of the ranges for
84:02 each of the to the it's this is a, this is a
84:09 , really interesting about yes. And this map shows the creation of six
84:26 the oil data, the deep water Mexico. And uh let me see
84:31 this. Uh So the classic come the system and there was fear and
84:43 fear and those are especially health system and the system and to run a
84:58 and get uh get some information based that sips on all data and then
85:12 at the migration distances and uh let's that, see that the change of
85:18 content with migration. So that's uh I I don't think that I don't
85:27 that is in that yellow area, green area has have a lower concentration
85:34 content and the red area have a concentration of tricycle uh patent and uh
85:45 look at the, the distance, longer migration distance and uh to have
85:57 longer mask, longer migration distance and uh oh right, short term average
86:10 . So that means this one have longer migration distance and this one has
86:15 short migration distance. And uh look the, look at the the of
86:23 right? I wanna tell you, don't understand this plot. Yeah,
86:29 uh so this one, so, who would do it? Let me
86:39 . OK. And uh we already this plots and just show that carbon
86:46 uh as distribution compared to the different or as we said, the budget
86:54 medicine is actually have a larger carbon and compared to thermogenic gas. And
87:04 so that's uh uh I think the, the block 33 and the
87:20 other also the distribution of the, that can be different the gas and
87:28 gas based on the of. So talk of that and also they pay
87:36 about the limitations of this method. geochemical inversion is uh have a de
87:44 and uh you will be, will the absence of that the North compounds
87:51 also have a contaminant samples you present the misleading compounds and incomplete knowledge
88:01 It's uh some uh some, some of that mis misunderstand interpretations and the
88:13 severely developed a oil. And those the, those are how, how
88:19 can do that. And you need 22 have a high pressure vessels and
88:27 have a tube, I have water and example and uh simulate the as
88:40 see and look at the abundance of car and the through the, through
88:53 product can be used for the correlation in as well. So that means
88:59 if you, if we use have a, have some uh some
89:05 , the samples and uh we can cook it, you cook it and
89:13 you generate some oil and you can comparison between the oil and the uh
89:19 on some additional information indicate, indicate the the if the oil original source
89:31 the uh products or so that's, the the class for and all
89:46 that uh if you run the original and uh almost have cannot see any
89:54 of uh che and that's and then see those looks very like so
90:10 Yeah and uh sing for this, this one, this is the on
90:15 and but but if you draw the, the the product is the
90:25 to the similar to the oil itself . OK. I think that is
90:35 summary of the geochemical inversion, geochemical of ob petroleum chemical composition. And
90:44 provide a valuable information on the age and depositional environments of its source
90:52 . The derived information provide a specific to the identity depths on the location
90:59 source rocks in a given tu And the, but many of the
91:07 carry a degree of the ability and uncertainty can be minimized when the geochemical
91:17 are analyzed with the geological framework. that means is that, you
91:22 that's a how the summary says that geochemical inversion use oil geochemistry data is
91:31 unless you combined with that is uh , in general, it's a have
91:41 . And uh yeah, let us a very short break and then
91:47 we will try to uh finish the of them. Oh OK. Oh
91:51 , no, no, no, not have break. Let us finish
91:54 the, all of that's two more . OK. This is a relevant
92:08 and uh you know, field in Mexico basin and I think we show
92:18 55 this mean. So but and the uh and in the,
92:40 the, in the there was, was an area that actually I guess
92:49 this area and uh the current area there and uh is this, you
93:11 see that is a except except the field with the local, the rest
93:20 the, you cannot really clearly see separation between the red gas mix
93:29 the the gas origins. If you at the gas origins in the is
93:33 complicated so that if you look at data, the back is actually charged
93:41 the app and go to the and mixture area not really can be separated
93:53 the des the gas mileage is much complicated than the oil migration.
94:01 This is about the University of Geochemical lab, but they have chemical analysis
94:09 and for the conventional and unconventional And that goes through this one,
94:20 have to measure all components from C and also all the, and,
94:36 I I one C five and also , and just with the oils and
94:55 can measure the gravity discos those, kind of the physical properties and uh
95:04 the eyes of the G C and G C mass T C mass mask
95:10 the GP Q Q Q. And , for, you know, for
95:19 those I have a, have a a and uh and also have people
95:34 medicine that do the and the mass then to the fantastic that seems from
95:49 and also on the uh you you, you hit the, the
96:01 the best composition and the X R G and also have and that's,
96:18 then you look at the analysis of software and the so, and also
96:27 that you have a very good character also a system and to the auto
96:39 and it seems, and the, also the, also the, the
96:59 , the chemical uh and the virtual so far and to the, the
97:15 and uh those are saturated and you can do a lot of work
97:25 the top of uh to run the C G C mass I R for
97:35 , of the carbon hydrogen. And , and uh also we run the
97:42 the, the the, the separation can get, get normal after to
97:54 the, those things, once you the separator of those ones, you
97:58 draw the C C T C mass the other things and the also draw
98:03 carbon and the hydrogen, you have production, production from the and also
98:15 MS MS to the and the, , and all the and you can
98:33 and also remember that the oil that by you and then you get
98:46 the, the G C is very to the and then the MS
98:57 So you have a choice, you really have many choice. You,
99:01 almost do everything, everything that organic can do. And uh from my
99:08 , I, I heard I heard , I do not have a for
99:17 oil I have, I do have portion. I do not have this
99:25 for the future and I have those of things. Uh oh another thing
99:33 , you know, for the, my, I also have a the
99:37 pressure, high high temperature gas absorption to run the, the absorbed gas
99:44 the free gas quantification that is served the shale gas system. Yeah.
99:50 also have a pole characterization systems and to look at the whole sizes of
99:57 , of the rocks particularly. Uh uh also take the measurement of surfacing
100:05 the bottom of the important factor we use that for the shell shell gas
100:10 oil. And uh with that, think we finished all our, all
100:20 materials for the class. And uh run quick of this afternoon because that's
100:26 , you see that and many, things related to the an,
100:30 an uh portion of the work of lab. So the budget, what
100:37 , you, you get the idea if you have oil samples anywhere you
100:42 oil samples, you collect the oil , you can run the uh
100:47 many analysis, many, many analysis shows here. And those, those
100:53 result analysis results can provide some information your source rock type and the of
101:01 source rock and the the material of source. That is really useful information
101:08 referring to the deep source rocks. also you, you, you be
101:15 of that. And uh you see is a for the called the geochemical
101:19 which method it's many, many What we show today is the is
101:27 is you can see that is, actually that is uh the oil petroleum
101:33 come up, the many petroleum systems the world that is make available,
101:39 data is make available and the plots available and then data will make available
101:44 they can you can use those things , to, to, to,
101:50 better define your petroleum system. If work on the new area, do
101:57 really consider there is no data It's the before you do the very
102:04 detailed work. If you were able collect some all your samples, if
102:09 can collect some, all your that all good before, do that kind
102:14 work, you better to look at literature references and also the global
102:21 maybe spend you one month of you can get a much, much
102:27 information just reading the literature. And and then you have a big pictures
102:34 about how good of the data available you, for the, for the
102:40 uh the deep water uh this kind read about the region studies. And
102:47 you, you get to that your plant say, OK, I want
102:51 get and cod from your oil ships that nearby to your targets and some
102:59 if you have able to collect some samples, that be even good once
103:03 have that information and uh if you with geochemist and they can provide a
103:10 of information, actually, you can it for your, you study on
103:14 your petro system construction. I think all for the, for today.
103:22 uh any any questions you know, , we, we are there at
103:27 o'clock now and questions, what kind question I have? That's good.
103:37 good. I like you and I , you know, you, you
103:42 we can become a uh the, working group in the future.
103:48 It's a the question of what I question what I have is what,
103:53 do you think, how do you about this geochemical inver approach to help
104:01 help you in the pre in the of the rock? How do you
104:10 it is uh it's really useful and or this, this, this things
104:17 uh how, how reliable of the, this kind of the kind
104:22 interpretation you you think? Yeah. Fine. And the resource. Mhm
104:39 is uh that is very, very . And uh you know, in
104:42 future, if you guys become manager the, the, if the,
104:47 Joe chemist come to see you and they want to run some analysis and
104:52 for the valuable oil samples or some or coal and even that one,
105:01 , you spend the summer somehow to , the 10, 10, the
105:09 the $100,000 or even $200,000 it's still to that. The reason is that
105:17 reason is that, you know, you drill, before you drill,
105:20 get some, you get some understanding your source rocks. Yeah. That
105:26 , that information you provide a solid , solid base for your,
105:33 you predict or your dreaming. Uh I, I would uh suggest
105:38 , you know, if you have , if you have that kind of
105:42 kind of the learning and the knowledge the, this afternoon's class, I
105:47 it's good enough. Yeah. Oh, yeah. Mhm.
106:10 Even and there's a few and, some other, once you push those
106:45 together you will find them, find from them five K console.
106:55 You can, it was on the of day. So, uh,
107:24 , same with, same with the , uh, and then that,
107:48 kind of, I know that's a , that's a lot of things.
108:15 . Oh. But you have knowledge you can, you can collect and
108:34 , then the that the development of if you have and uh you have
108:47 age, your accurate is here. that's a for the, for
108:54 the that the the when they do , let's do the detail, the
109:02 , I can book the this area not any problems, the more detailed
109:09 seismic data you have and then you can get a much better tracks.
109:15 for our geologist of geology. If do not really understand that the bigger
109:23 of the geology, you have no about your because uh because if
109:31 if I purchase the purchase one point suppose, OK to talk about some
109:37 . Yeah. And uh so you hear your area here in a range
109:43 0.6 to 0.7. No matter how you collect, you all the information
109:54 get in this, you cannot get knowledge beyond this. The the this
110:02 in other words, you, you to know, you need to know
110:06 I was here and half of and you have a better understanding and better
110:16 you. OK? I and Oil generation is still in the very early
110:27 of the old generation. And, then you see the production from here
110:34 goes the best and greater. And you see a actually the,
110:42 the is the one of the key control action. And then like
110:50 you always say, OK, my just it into the oil, it's
110:59 good. So the best area you see that maybe if you can find
111:05 tracks, you can find the tracks a conventional, OK. I have
111:10 in this area that was for for the before or energy generation or
111:17 the oil and then there's a high if you have a that all.
111:25 instead of look at the, the resources in your area, you should
111:31 at the, look at the conventional and actually that actually that actually,
111:40 , otherwise if you do not really at larger, larger area, you
111:44 not have neurology. That's very interesting uh oh uh like they all can
112:10 able to and you can like learn lot about that's just wrong,
112:28 As like they're all home for, , I, I think talk about
112:44 . I the timeline and the other find better to find the that.
113:13 uh then you look at the, OK, the cinema and they are
113:34 going to happen. That's when I , really. Mhm. To
113:55 And I, in that I um, I, I think that
114:32 , I, you can, you right now you can do a lot
115:01 , you know, problem and practice that and, and, and
115:43 ok, no, I have That's awesome. Yeah. I,
116:22 don't know about it and he comes and, and I had a long
117:07 at this, at this. or the, that's, that's,
117:19 think that's the, and are you wait a minute again? A
117:54 All the things that together do you ? And, and you know,
118:14 want, I want to, oh, I, I learned from
118:34 and you, I, I, agree about it. Yeah,
118:44 OK. Not you think it was I do it, it's interesting class
119:39 I don't like chemistry. So, . Yeah. But it's very,
119:47 , I, I, well, really like the, the burial history
119:52 I have a, attending the, you know the I B A
120:00 Uh Yes, they, they yeah, they use a lot of
120:05 history to explain the source rock. . So I, you clear my
120:13 a lot of clarify my, a of my miso when I taking that
120:21 . So, yeah, by the part or the, or chemistry
120:26 I don't really can't remember. It to and uh all you need to
120:41 the concept of this, all those , if you and those things,
120:52 can provide a very good information and can, you know, I represent
121:03 half. Yeah. So I could have a question but it is not
121:16 to the class. So well, you have working in this uh geochemistry
121:25 for 15 years, you cannot buy the equipment by yourself. So how
121:33 the group keep professor to start their at the beginning of their career?
121:39 like and then, and then the lab from very fundamental like,
122:00 like like a like a yeah, you, you don't have so
122:05 I don't have. So yeah, something something very fundamental, very,
122:14 necessary to, you need to have order for you to run your business
122:23 if you run at the restaurant, need to have some basic, open
122:29 refrigerator or other country you want, can, you need to have something
122:37 , yeah, like my, like , I just want to share
122:40 I, what happened and when I the, the Bureau of Economic and
122:49 I already have a root. That is all room. And uh I
122:55 that and so I got the $250,000 I have to do that by then
123:05 game and I Children. And but I have an idea on during
123:18 production of the show. And what your contribution? The, the,
123:28 , this is the kind of everybody to answer this question. So not
123:33 that time that we, we need , we need to get them
123:42 and the, the commercial lab, have equipment available cost a bunch of
123:48 . Almost $400,000 for one second. single, I only have $260,000 for
123:59 time, but it's not affordable to that. So what I did,
124:06 build up my own equipment by myself uh, the run that they can
124:14 the gas abortion and the total cost 50 $50. My phone. I
124:30 that and uh, and then that I have and bring the close
124:39 open the anyone. I, I have enough money. I just use
124:45 , my life my, my own . I work in the labor on
124:51 day and have, have the gas called the organ and Affect the gas
125:06 . And, uh, this paper published in 2012. It was really
125:14 that, yeah, and uh many and that, uh, it's in
125:22 Google scholar over the over the, 1100 times over the, the 1200
125:31 1,200,000, correct, £1200 package over times a lot. And uh,
125:40 actually the, we use the same . We look at the, all
125:44 , you know, 10 year old their death on bus is the very
125:53 citation at the and then we look the, how the, the,
126:00 to the different thema two level is the, the, the gas.
126:05 those three publication, a very very high at and those ones after
126:15 , you know, the I build reputation in my, in my institute
126:21 I on my own and you're supposed purchase a actually secretary of management.
126:39 so I got the book and I to the, got to the funding
126:45 the, from my research group and the, and uh and then,
127:01 we, we, I still have additional funding. I purchased the G
127:06 G C for the can add all gas components to the, including
127:16 including fuel to oxygen, all kind kind of thing. And I dedicated
127:25 product, product, product. And I think I choose and uh and
127:38 almost use the app on my Thank you. Please direct me.
127:44 think I, I, I the, the, the project,
128:02 , everything, what doing here, all even more for the oil,
128:14 company. And uh after that, got the, the, the automatically
128:21 proposed, you ask me that and they say, ok, you
128:40 get another from and then after I, I got the information
128:49 they want to get all samples from uh because I have experience working in
129:01 and also work in the, the , I know art, collaborate,
129:06 with the small on the side. it. I got funny from the
129:18 which I do with them. I be them, kill them.
129:22 , I will get you all happen you can order from your average and
129:29 will do a kind of negative. share that. In other words,
129:34 don't need to pay you. All , of the project, you have
129:41 old in the head and have your all 100 of all to you.
129:57 . So this and uh I designed and uh I, I need to
130:09 . So they then that and for market and uh and also that the
130:25 of the, all of the, , the small side, the oil
130:38 . And he is that I want understand that how we can give him
130:47 previous and uh the and uh and he came to office and then he
131:12 to give, but you know, told me the what is in,
131:24 , I, I, I took game, I think that uh I
131:28 on that and so many and uh cannot really think so, but I
131:40 clearly this problem, all you can the gap on three gas or
131:48 you bye bye. And initially, I actually like comparing the support that's
132:00 hours under five, under four hour . Why you use your model?
132:09 want to work on the pressure on condition, how much, how much
132:24 run the direct pressure and, and the same and I asked them,
133:03 want to have investment and new uh similar to the storage in the
133:19 I see you. Bye bye and feel maybe less 100,000. Yeah.
133:36 . I will, I will get new system, the system, what
133:47 the, the the and I want check with them. I, and
134:10 think about it, I want you support you, you know that that
134:23 I said, oh, how you make that happen, talk to your
134:29 and then donation from company, that of that. And then the of
134:42 , and then because I, because , and uh the that construction of
134:54 equipment after three years because of COVID-19 it's a system that actually that,
135:06 is how we get the, get equipment, I believe, I believe
135:12 the doctor that I don't think, don't think we get all the equipment
135:19 the time. Yeah. The, , the reason why I ask this
135:23 because, you know, even we data, we don't have the
135:29 So how do we do this kind inversion? So yeah, so if
135:37 , if you do not have, you don't, if you have,
135:41 have, you already have. So have a doubt already. Yeah.
135:48 then you, you like it, don't have to use various what I
136:08 in my talk. So, you look at this one and that
136:12 and put this and see what and over here. So I think that
136:30 that you already have and just in kind of plot so this protein that
136:39 from the previous cells. So that should be, you can do.
136:47 you. So then yeah, that's , that's it, that all be
136:57 you need to, you need to actually a lot of equipment that is
137:09 K and uh from the, and got to the, the PC that
137:16 75 I got to the, I to do, I stop
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