| 00:01 | All right, Welcome to the first office. And Mr In these |
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| 00:07 | we're going to talk a little bit the history computer signs. It's just |
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| 00:13 | very high level discussion and only mentioning of the people that were involved of |
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| 00:21 | along more that you guys can find either by researching on your own or |
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| 00:27 | other books. We're gonna start with discussion of Charles Babbage. He created |
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| 00:35 | success in this life. The difference to perform calculations. But what really |
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| 00:43 | him famous? Is it a sign the analytical engine in 18 37 where |
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| 00:51 | designed a machine that could be programmed theory to perform mathematical calculations? And |
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| 01:01 | important isn't a huge desalination ambition to of this machine, one that is |
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| 01:08 | to what we have today as a processing unit and one that is a |
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| 01:13 | machine. He actually never really completed building of this machine. He died |
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| 01:20 | he could do that. But he a sign and he said Yes, |
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| 01:23 | friend in middle. So one of people that was the final Babbage work |
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| 01:31 | gonna love less slow place. I um she was, um, a |
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| 01:40 | mathematician on dhe. She encouraged Babbage the pursuit of the analytical ending. |
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| 01:48 | was very familiar with our work, she actually was a very 1st 1 |
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| 01:53 | protect. The computers could process not numbers, but also any type of |
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| 02:00 | in unfolded in them is that this a major. This wasn't a very |
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| 02:08 | condition and very smart prediction on. of that, she's considered the first |
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| 02:15 | programmer. And in here I wonder they named a predominating worst. He |
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| 02:20 | , problem ending, which is They're all the developments that were |
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| 02:25 | For example, the foundation of bull algebra in the mid 18 hundreds, |
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| 02:29 | you're full and the vacuum too. by Thomas Edison Nicola Also soon |
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| 02:42 | 1903 patented the sign of these electronic Gates on these regains it will build |
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| 02:51 | compute logical operators on They were built top of the back to seducing the |
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| 02:57 | that Thomas Edison invented. Then, , we have, um, important |
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| 03:07 | by George Stupids in the meat 19 against herself. He built the very |
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| 03:17 | digital electronic logic sync wit. It safer there was built to perform the |
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| 03:24 | of 25 numbers. And, these technology is very merchant dated today |
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| 03:33 | the Senate, Scott's in construction of fully electronic computer, then another person |
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| 03:41 | made significant contributions to the field. plot Sherman so called Shannon before he's |
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| 03:50 | famous and 48 paper presenting a muster where he showed that, um, |
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| 04:00 | resented, um, simulated electronically by electronic switches, um, that they |
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| 04:10 | able to perform both logical and American . This WAAS considered as one of |
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| 04:17 | most important my surfaces in the 20th . But then that was not |
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| 04:23 | Continue working. So in 1948 he or develop definition off information theory where |
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| 04:31 | actually described that all the information percent hot all information can be represented by |
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| 04:42 | set off by a religious. everything can be map into serious, |
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| 04:47 | once he invented the name finally digits with this, this stage was actually |
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| 04:54 | for life. Isn't that an attorney energy computers? Because now we could |
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| 05:00 | not only representing numbers, but also definite information using the zeros and ones |
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| 05:06 | computers. Get in. Come on that we have now the first generation |
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| 05:13 | , Um, in 1941. So German scientists were and Susie was working |
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| 05:21 | machines that used the better dear computing are supposed to a decimal system. |
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| 05:28 | he built a serious off machines of Bill C one and C to the |
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| 05:33 | with those machines is that he was , um, preventable. So there |
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| 05:39 | there were both for a special purpose cannot program them for. Then, |
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| 05:44 | his third attempt, he created and Dream Machine. And she also created |
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| 05:51 | own programming language Gold like a cold something like that. We should hold |
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| 05:57 | for now, then in the S. Around the same time or |
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| 06:06 | . Um, US scientist whole were on then Jonah, a tunnel so |
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| 06:15 | for very were created with building also first generation computers. So the mark |
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| 06:24 | by Howard taken was an electromechanical Machines not fully Elektronik. However, these |
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| 06:34 | machine mark first guess um Waas very machine. It was kept for many |
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| 06:45 | on dhe. Then after soon after , the or around that dimension the |
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| 06:52 | well attorney computing device was made by that something flee from very, |
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| 06:58 | the name Waas ABC for other Very computer. Andi could do simple |
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| 07:06 | operations, Stuckey says There, based finery in Cody, I was a |
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| 07:11 | of a desk, but he waited 700 pounds doing war work, |
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| 07:20 | Um, the brilliant strike to the messages by by the Germans in order |
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| 07:28 | advance their position of war they actually to break. The enigma code was |
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| 07:35 | a 40 system Germans were using to . They build a machine, I |
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| 07:41 | it and work within the German exchanging system. But then, eventually, |
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| 07:48 | British people were able to break the in Enigma Machine with the help of |
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| 07:55 | Colossus machine. It wasn't an attorney the computer. There was some 3 |
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| 08:01 | And it's clean that, thanks to information that the British were able to |
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| 08:11 | by decoding the German messages, the permission allowed the they go to |
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| 08:21 | with with D Day invasion in And that, of course, during |
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| 08:31 | battles of the war in favor off Alice and then we have second generation |
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| 08:44 | UM, a very important revolution that in 1947 waas. The Development of |
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| 08:53 | sister By guarding Britain in exactly what that? It's a soldier's state semi |
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| 09:02 | that can switch electronics circles. And the many advantages of this invention in |
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| 09:09 | this this is a tonic. Separatism use light, and that means that |
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| 09:17 | number back into use. Do Because they were not uses night. |
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| 09:24 | , they don't generate heat in the less space. So the first can |
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| 09:31 | computer, based on this technology WAAS in 1953. Then after that in |
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| 09:40 | mid fifties, we had another important in the mid fifties. Everything that |
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| 09:47 | done in the machine guns program using language. So even if you're not |
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| 09:53 | with an assembly language is what we my chain code. So selling words |
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| 09:57 | is very tight to the actual architecture the machine is that, for |
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| 10:04 | one stuck action to on a number represented as one seriously one. For |
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| 10:10 | , everything's in sequences I said was one since he was so you. |
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| 10:14 | you manage that? Writing computer programs were based on assembly language. |
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| 10:22 | Very difficult. So only a few . I mean, there's no number |
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| 10:27 | people, many but a smaller people Julius in the language of what was |
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| 10:31 | able to produce a court. But Betty was cumbersome and enter prone. |
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| 10:40 | so the first programming languages game in 19 fifties and a very influential person |
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| 10:48 | push deserve Ellman is naval Middle grace right helper. She actually proposed the |
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| 10:54 | of back on fire. So combine is something we can consider as the |
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| 11:01 | between ah, high level programming language change go so because the machine only |
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| 11:09 | wants in Siegel's yes and your But we weren't a computer for members |
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| 11:15 | be able to use something that is similar to our own language. That's |
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| 11:19 | highly programming language. We need something could do the job off translating, |
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| 11:23 | from one to the other one. that was a big, uh um |
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| 11:31 | . Lisa's things. D'oh ! Grazing helper that way have the first ever |
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| 11:44 | recorded actual bug case, um, in a computer there was creating a |
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| 11:51 | . So we used I'm not sure family never use this concept of computer |
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| 11:56 | . Do you mean that our computer is now working as expected? So |
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| 12:04 | is wrong specifically about actually have also motion of the bottom, which means |
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| 12:09 | analyze a computer, productive, remove box and make a big room because |
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| 12:15 | supposed to On DSO things is you know, a fun fact that |
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| 12:22 | 1947 people at Harvard University, working the Mark Thio in my second computer |
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| 12:29 | did find a buck in the computer . But that's just the suffer. |
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| 12:37 | so the third generation of computers we traditional computers within that the figures that |
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| 12:44 | about with the invention off the interim . So before that, computers were |
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| 12:51 | on why, in together management sisters , that became a problem very quickly |
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| 12:57 | with the mess off, more use computer problems to solve problems of the |
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| 13:05 | numbers that you needed a lot of sisters to live with that power and |
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| 13:10 | became a new shoe help the wireless sisters. And so Jack Kilby and |
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| 13:20 | Noise I created with the invention off integrated circuit where you used like a |
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| 13:28 | sheet and then you print the to the connections that they're noted. Um |
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| 13:36 | so they actually Jack Kilby was awarded novel presences. It's on brother |
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| 13:46 | Not sure if you want a word advice. But Richard, she became |
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| 13:50 | and rich and famous with the foundation intense in 1968. And so with |
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| 14:03 | during this time as well in 1969 help came up with the idea of |
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| 14:12 | a general purpose cheap. So when say quits became on invention interest request |
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| 14:20 | we discuss and companies like Dale started this introduce it with. But these |
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| 14:27 | special purpose Say quits. So which that you need a computer to the |
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| 14:33 | task. And then the team of will have to design a special purpose |
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| 14:42 | circle that could do the operations that needed to and in 60 knowing these |
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| 14:48 | person Marshall Ted, had the Wait a minute. Why don't we |
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| 14:53 | a general purpose cheap that can be to do any logical task, And |
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| 14:59 | way we can build them much faster six single, unique. The sign |
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| 15:03 | we can build a lot, and the the, uh, people that |
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| 15:09 | appointed the e that cheap can actually the job program that cheap to do |
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| 15:16 | it is they want to do. this is what they did. The |
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| 15:19 | microprocessor. They call them Mike Sisters on dhe. They were built |
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| 15:27 | 1971 in 1st 1 West for CEO Forth. Is this at that time |
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| 15:34 | well? We had the moment or off super big computers and then also |
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| 15:44 | computers or personal use computers. And here the mainframe says super computers. |
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| 15:50 | we're seeing here a picture. There those of a high demand that commercial |
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| 15:56 | we had last computers were built on how be they were They were called |
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| 16:04 | main freaks because of how big and for they were supposed to be, |
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| 16:10 | . Main friend were really, really . We haven't seen them. They |
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| 16:14 | easily take up an entire room like says There. With that also comes |
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| 16:22 | four generation of computers what we call micro computers. So the first microcomputer |
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| 16:27 | developing 1979 and that was enabled, to the advances in, um the |
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| 16:38 | sign and I guess, availability off secrets. So fucking deal released my |
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| 16:50 | more powerful interests it with chips, you don't actually be used or have |
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| 16:57 | capability to support an entire computer system so that people like Full Island Island |
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| 17:05 | Bill Gates could actually buy this these and then build a computer around |
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| 17:10 | Which is why they did, then off to to get rich and |
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| 17:16 | Um, save him Happened with Steve and Steve or sick. And |
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| 17:21 | in 1977 they created the very successful computer Says that the apple do you |
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| 17:30 | up a second and went on to what we know today as Apple |
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| 17:34 | They have a computer company. So is now we know what they do |
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| 17:43 | . By the 19 eighties, I interesting to the microcomputer Mike it and |
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| 17:51 | actually takes silver. A large chunk the market of the Microcomputer systems s |
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| 17:59 | I am that PC that is no as a jackal. So for personal |
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| 18:06 | was used by circuses that menace of by the end of the game. |
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| 18:14 | then it is what the next stop . And when can we have computer |
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| 18:19 | energies advancing? They're becoming faster, affordable. But then, on the |
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| 18:24 | hand as well, we have the or advances in computer numbers, which |
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| 18:29 | super important. And so the early sixties, the owner claims rough propose |
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| 18:36 | mechanism that would enable communication of And so other time people were thinking |
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| 18:44 | sending information via physical cables, of , but sending the entire jungle |
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| 18:52 | whereas he suggested, Because we want trust me, this information possibly alone |
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| 18:58 | long distances. We should wrongly breakdown divided message into packets, then send |
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| 19:07 | other packets one by one, and we assemble the packet when they reached |
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| 19:12 | destination. Andi, this is actually very powerful concept behind Internet right and |
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| 19:21 | the protocol. So soon after What was missing then was about soon |
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| 19:26 | waas the product als right, the that computers can use to communicate and |
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| 19:32 | sending as well as receiving messages. then the last step is quantum |
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| 19:40 | Seven. Computing. I think it because still say that it is in |
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| 19:44 | infancy. I don't think there's a that can do fucking computer. Or |
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| 19:50 | is based on a quantum computer for principal things. That it's supposed to |
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| 19:54 | a much more barber for making this because he will allow not only once |
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| 20:00 | sequels, but so not binary But quantum beats physical where, |
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| 20:09 | super position for the German estate. , and you can use that money |
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| 20:15 | the test. But again, there's is ongoing in order to do |
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| 20:20 | you know, to make this a as far sign and that's it. |
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| 20:26 | I hope that this was not too boring. The next electors are going |
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| 20:34 | become increasingly more more about the program concepts in less ago theory. But |
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| 20:40 | important to have a number of you how the field came to be what |
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| 20:46 | is today. What are the important that enable didn't knowledge it'd have |
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| 20:54 | So we have any questions. I take them in class when this |
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| 21:00 | because be |
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