| 00:01 | Mhm. All right. I guess gonna go ahead and start um You |
|
| 00:11 | have for the football game, It like four of you who went. |
|
| 00:16 | didn't go. You do, did have fun? Yeah, it was |
|
| 00:23 | , wasn't it? Yeah, Last game of the season. So |
|
| 00:28 | you go. Or at least the game. Um A lot of people |
|
| 00:32 | why I can stand up here and talk about football. It's like, |
|
| 00:36 | on, football is a reflection of life is got hired. You got |
|
| 00:40 | , you got periods of time, ? Where things things are gonna |
|
| 00:45 | right? I mean, if you to the game, you know, |
|
| 00:47 | up 21 3 at the half, like all right, this is gonna |
|
| 00:50 | easy mode. And in the third , I don't know what happened. |
|
| 00:54 | mean, I I think the team in the locker room and they just |
|
| 00:59 | random people. Yeah, that's He did. And then then we |
|
| 01:05 | back because I almost had an I'm the I'm the guy that watch |
|
| 01:09 | sports doesn't matter for my kids. know, whatever. I don't watch |
|
| 01:13 | pro sports because who cares? Um like I'm the one who's literally having |
|
| 01:18 | aneurysm going, we're only up by and it can turn on a dime |
|
| 01:23 | how do I know it can turn a dime When I first started teaching |
|
| 01:26 | and again, you guys don't care this, but I like talking about |
|
| 01:29 | a little bit to make a little more comfortable, right is I remember |
|
| 01:32 | were playing in the fort Worth army whatever the bull that's up there. |
|
| 01:37 | like the armed forces bowl and we down to Pittsburgh, I think by |
|
| 01:44 | , I don't know, three Two minutes to go in the |
|
| 01:47 | It was three touchdowns. I can't exactly what might have been 24 |
|
| 01:50 | I don't know. And we scored touchdowns to win the game in two |
|
| 01:56 | . That's why football is fun. right. I mean, it was |
|
| 02:02 | was it was it really was one those games where is like the coach |
|
| 02:05 | care the players that we're going to try another onside kick and see what |
|
| 02:10 | . Coaches like, yeah, whatever you feel like doing. All |
|
| 02:13 | . So that's why it's fun. right. Now, what we're gonna |
|
| 02:17 | over the next three days. So you haven't got your pictures and get |
|
| 02:19 | pictures in. All right, Because deadline's tonight, what we're gonna do |
|
| 02:24 | is we're going to talk about And whenever I give this talk, |
|
| 02:28 | always get some sort of blowback because going to be offended. All |
|
| 02:32 | Someone's gonna be offended last year. got offended because I was apparently using |
|
| 02:40 | that was just too vernacular and I stay with the whatever it was, |
|
| 02:45 | know, they expected, I guess decorum and stuff like that. You |
|
| 02:49 | comfortable talking about reproductive systems. you're, you're good. Talking about |
|
| 02:54 | hoo ha and you're wahoos because my up here is one to make you |
|
| 03:00 | that's really the number one job. to help you learn that, |
|
| 03:04 | And when I come up here, first thing I started thinking about, |
|
| 03:07 | do I do this? How do make this, you know, both |
|
| 03:11 | and uncomfortable? Because uncomfortable is how learn. Right. And then I |
|
| 03:15 | thinking about topics that I never had talk about before. And I'm |
|
| 03:19 | well, how am I going to this? Like, do you guys |
|
| 03:21 | the difference between sex and gender? of a sudden there's dead silence. |
|
| 03:26 | person is nodding their heads. I to tell me what the difference between |
|
| 03:29 | and gender is. Just like, don't know maybe why. Okay. |
|
| 03:38 | . Wow. Yeah. Like choice . Okay. That's that's actually an |
|
| 03:45 | way to do that. So, you know where the term gender came |
|
| 03:49 | ? A lot of people don't Gender a term that was developed in |
|
| 03:53 | All right. And it was in to understanding question between masculinity and |
|
| 03:59 | So, your answer is right, do I present my sex? All |
|
| 04:03 | , now, it really isn't about you present your sex because your sex |
|
| 04:07 | both biologicals, right? There's a sex which can be determined as being |
|
| 04:12 | tip IQ and peanut ipic. Sometimes we refer to gender and sex |
|
| 04:18 | attraction, right? So that's a confusing thing right now because it's |
|
| 04:23 | well my attraction is my gender and like, no it's not. You |
|
| 04:27 | be effeminate male who's attracted to, don't know, pick something because apparently |
|
| 04:34 | what we do now. We pick . I think I saw a dragon |
|
| 04:38 | the other day. You know, kin is C1 person's again nodding her |
|
| 04:43 | going, I don't know about right? There's there's attractiveness and so |
|
| 04:48 | deals with behavioral, right? Gender with behavioral but reproduction doesn't deal with |
|
| 04:56 | , right? Reproduction deals with how I produce offspring? And so in |
|
| 05:02 | and in mammals in general. We are what we call sexually |
|
| 05:08 | you know, sexual die morph Um I mean if you don't know |
|
| 05:11 | that term means, it's an easy to figure out because I mean they |
|
| 05:14 | necessarily teach you that we just presume understand sexually biomorphic simply means there are |
|
| 05:19 | different sexes in that particular species. sexual dime organism and humans is your |
|
| 05:26 | or you're female Doctor. Wait. about her method is um not |
|
| 05:30 | We don't have from effort. We but they're not sexually functional, |
|
| 05:36 | You can't have sex with yourself and . Like a plant can which can |
|
| 05:40 | hermaphroditic. Right? What about And again, we're talking humans and |
|
| 05:47 | have two sexes male and female. what we're gonna do is we're going |
|
| 05:50 | try to break this down. We're talk about males. Today, we're |
|
| 05:53 | talk about females on Tuesday after we ourselves with so much turkey and stuffing |
|
| 05:58 | whatever else that if you don't like . Tofurky, whatever it is, |
|
| 06:02 | it is that you're going to eat thursday, we're gonna fill ourselves up |
|
| 06:04 | that. We're gonna wall around for couple of days and we're gonna come |
|
| 06:07 | some of your gonna work on your . What is our paper due? |
|
| 06:10 | like crap. Yeah. He's damn it. Hey, at least |
|
| 06:15 | got the usually I'd make it due at noon, but next it's next |
|
| 06:20 | , monday midnight. All right. right. And then on thursday we're |
|
| 06:24 | finish up with actually having dealt with two sexes and structurally and functionally what |
|
| 06:31 | responsible for. How do we Now, I will say this is |
|
| 06:35 | a sex talk. I'm not going sit here and talk about all the |
|
| 06:38 | things that you can do. All . They did that in high school |
|
| 06:42 | junior high and it was both uncomfortable a little bit interesting when we have |
|
| 06:48 | first conversation. Right? But here we're gonna do is we're just really |
|
| 06:52 | to look at the question of how humans reproduce. And just to let |
|
| 06:56 | know, humans are not very good reproducing as much as we think we |
|
| 06:59 | . We're terrible at it. We a fecundity rate, which is about |
|
| 07:03 | . Which means basically if you lower amount of sperm count in humans by |
|
| 07:09 | 5%, we're done. We can't , right? Whereas Mice, you |
|
| 07:16 | nuke them, bring down their sperm down to about 95% and they're still |
|
| 07:22 | . So we're like one of these like panda bears were panda bears. |
|
| 07:26 | you don't know. And I say bear, Giant panda is the proper |
|
| 07:30 | , Is it panda panda? Another can't remember. But giant pandas, |
|
| 07:35 | there are species that is extinct but know it yet. Right? I |
|
| 07:39 | it takes so much effort for those things to reproduce. It's incredible. |
|
| 07:45 | mean, they got scientists, they them in. The pandas are sitting |
|
| 07:48 | rolling around not knowing what's going I was like, oh look, |
|
| 07:52 | something looks like me. Maybe it's mirror. They just have a real |
|
| 07:56 | time with it. All right. , so part of the reason this |
|
| 08:01 | important is you know, I one is I like it a |
|
| 08:05 | This is why I went into science reproduction just fascinated me. How do |
|
| 08:10 | reproduce? All right. So, get really, really excited. I'm |
|
| 08:13 | go down rabbit trails all the Just roll your eyes when it's |
|
| 08:17 | Okay, because that's going to Number two is I'm going to |
|
| 08:21 | I've got a thesis that I start every semester with when we start talking |
|
| 08:26 | this and it's gonna be this. . And some of you are gonna |
|
| 08:30 | really angry at me. I'm looking a couple of you. I've already |
|
| 08:32 | in your eye. I'm going to just bear with me. After three |
|
| 08:38 | and after three lectures, if I'm , you can come and yell at |
|
| 08:42 | . I'm happy too happy for you yell at me. Here's my |
|
| 08:46 | Men and and the male physiology is . Women are complicated. All |
|
| 08:54 | Usually what will happen is I'll get person. He'll just And then at |
|
| 08:59 | end of the three sections, I've had a woman come up and |
|
| 09:02 | oh, you're so wrong, Doctor . You give you my background train |
|
| 09:08 | MD Anderson. All right. The of immunology. The weirdest thing |
|
| 09:11 | But I did reproductive work. All . So, I focused on male |
|
| 09:16 | . Specifically sperm. A genesis. right. So, I asked the |
|
| 09:20 | , how do males make sperm? right. And then after I got |
|
| 09:24 | PhD I went across the street to College of Medicine. Now, I'm |
|
| 09:27 | you those names because sometimes you gotta , uh there's no big deal. |
|
| 09:30 | can do this research anywhere. But I went across the street Baylor |
|
| 09:34 | Medicine. I worked in a lab worked on female reproduction. Looking at |
|
| 09:37 | question of how does Oh, genesis ? What are the mechanisms of the |
|
| 09:41 | . So, I've got a nice in both of these areas. |
|
| 09:45 | what I'm telling you. One is . One is that kind of trust |
|
| 09:49 | , But let me see if I prove it first. All right. |
|
| 09:52 | number one. What is the other I was going to tell you? |
|
| 09:55 | , I was gonna ask you a . So I said, I think |
|
| 09:58 | important. So, one is because think it's important because I worked on |
|
| 10:01 | . But why is understanding reproduction Why do you why do you think |
|
| 10:05 | should understand it in general? I'll it a different way. What happens |
|
| 10:10 | one generation stops reproducing extinction? I it. Every species on the planet |
|
| 10:18 | one generation away from extinction. All . And so the moment that we |
|
| 10:23 | reproducing. And I already told you are right there on the edge |
|
| 10:27 | And yes, I know. I've four kids. So I'm doing my |
|
| 10:31 | . I'm doing I'm trying really hard make that not happen, right? |
|
| 10:37 | I'm just telling you in a general , you know, we don't reproduce |
|
| 10:41 | well as we think we do. I'm going to kind of pick here |
|
| 10:43 | the pick on the women for a and I'm not doing it on |
|
| 10:46 | I'm not misogynist going, oh, , bad woman. Know many of |
|
| 10:50 | have a plan because I've been around long enough to know you all have |
|
| 10:55 | , Right? Men were just kind going through life, we kind of |
|
| 10:59 | a fuzzy idea what's going to But you know, whatever. All |
|
| 11:03 | . Here's the plan. Let me if this sounds sounds normal. I'm |
|
| 11:06 | to graduate from college. I'm gonna to my professional school. I'm going |
|
| 11:10 | start my residency and my internship. I will meet my husband and after |
|
| 11:16 | , then I'll start my practice and get into private practice for a little |
|
| 11:19 | and then I'll start having kids. about right. All right. Now |
|
| 11:24 | of you are gonna Okay? There might be a little bit of |
|
| 11:27 | . You might find the husband at end of your graduate program before the |
|
| 11:32 | , but it's somewhere along those All right. In females. The |
|
| 11:38 | age of reproductive success is around the and I love this 1 14 To |
|
| 11:45 | 24. All right. The older get, the harder it's gonna be |
|
| 11:50 | you to reproduce. All right I'm not saying your plans wrong. |
|
| 11:55 | just saying you should be knowing some before you start doing some stuff. |
|
| 12:01 | . Now, I have a lot friends who've gone through graduate programs. |
|
| 12:05 | married in graduate school, got married college. Had kids in graduate |
|
| 12:09 | Did just fine. Yeah. So just letting you know that there's there |
|
| 12:16 | hope. It's not like I'm Now I'm going to be whatever. |
|
| 12:19 | . I had friends who waited till very end. Got all the way |
|
| 12:21 | the programs, wait until afterwards. through their internships there now, old |
|
| 12:25 | me and they have young kids and tired like me, right? But |
|
| 12:31 | point is is understanding a little bit reproduction will go a long way to |
|
| 12:38 | you achieve your long term goals. if you plan on having kids, |
|
| 12:43 | times where it becomes easier and then times when it becomes harder. All |
|
| 12:48 | , And that's what I'm part of this is going to be about. |
|
| 12:52 | said, men are easy, women complicated. You ready for me to |
|
| 12:55 | that? All right, Let's start men actually, let's start generally |
|
| 12:59 | what is reproduction? Alright, reproduction is bringing together the male and the |
|
| 13:05 | gamete. Male gamete is a Female gamete is an oocyte sex, |
|
| 13:10 | a secondary oocyte. And what you to do is these gametes are hap |
|
| 13:15 | . And what you're gonna do is going to bring them together and once |
|
| 13:18 | fuse together, you're going to create new organism that is now deployed and |
|
| 13:23 | of mitosis and growing and stuff like . All right. So, really |
|
| 13:27 | truth is, you didn't begin as cells. You began as one |
|
| 13:30 | What happened is is these two half came together infused and became the proper |
|
| 13:36 | that ultimately became you. Which is of cool. And I'm gonna point |
|
| 13:41 | at the very end, maybe, I'll do it now is look, |
|
| 13:44 | you ever feeling down the dumps like worthless. I'm useless. What do |
|
| 13:47 | think about it this way? Your is not worthless or useless. At |
|
| 13:51 | point you were the fastest sperm and were the selected oocyte and it was |
|
| 13:58 | two things. The probability of that is really, really, really |
|
| 14:03 | And it became you which you are , which is kinda cool. All |
|
| 14:07 | . You're not your parents, you different DNA than your parents, |
|
| 14:11 | You share DNA with them, but are not a clone of your |
|
| 14:16 | And so what we're dealing with is dealing with a system that is going |
|
| 14:19 | allow that to happen now. The there's one for male and one for |
|
| 14:25 | . All right. What we're gonna is we're going to bring those two |
|
| 14:29 | together. And the purpose of these is to bring those gametes as close |
|
| 14:32 | as possible. Guys are not spreading sperm out into the wind, hoping |
|
| 14:37 | hopefully it will come across some sort oocyte floating out there in the |
|
| 14:42 | All right. That's kind of what do. Right. Some fish have |
|
| 14:48 | to be a little bit more In other words, they basically create |
|
| 14:51 | little bowl and put their eggs in and then you get to spread your |
|
| 14:54 | all over it. We're not which is pollen pollen pollen spring sucks |
|
| 15:01 | ? My car gets more pollen than trees do. Right? Our job |
|
| 15:07 | to bring these things really, really together. So that means we have |
|
| 15:11 | systems that are designed in such a to bring that stuff together. All |
|
| 15:15 | . So, the female system is equipped to house and nourish the offspring |
|
| 15:20 | development, where it can then get the point where can survive independently. |
|
| 15:25 | , the word independently here, I'm in a very loose way. |
|
| 15:29 | I mean, I take a It can breathe on its own. |
|
| 15:33 | can pee on its own. It plant for food, right? It |
|
| 15:38 | do all that stuff. Humans are of unique in that we have to |
|
| 15:41 | our offspring for a while. Some primates have to raise their offspring for |
|
| 15:45 | while. But even even some mammals that up. But there are |
|
| 15:51 | you know, live births snakes I've seen a snake give birth snake. |
|
| 15:54 | lizards off and goes, does its . All right. That's what other |
|
| 16:00 | do. Sharks born off. They're swimming. I'm gonna go eat stuff |
|
| 16:04 | . That's what they are. They're eating machines. Right? So, |
|
| 16:08 | have to play a role in raising offspring. But we're going to just |
|
| 16:13 | survive independently. Alright. Even though a loose term that we're using |
|
| 16:17 | So, our reproductive systems, whether male or female are gonna include a |
|
| 16:21 | of things. A gun, ad a pair of gun adds the reproductive |
|
| 16:25 | and some accessory sex glands. All . So, when we're looking at |
|
| 16:29 | , that's the way you want to looking at it now. This is |
|
| 16:31 | systems. Both male and female are systems. So the easiest thing to |
|
| 16:34 | is start at one end of the and work your way down to the |
|
| 16:37 | end of the tube. Makes your a lot easier now. Thanks. |
|
| 16:45 | . Going to come back to biology . My Asus and mitosis. Remember |
|
| 16:50 | good old things, can you tell the difference between mitosis and mitosis? |
|
| 16:56 | all right. So we're going to the random assortment. You've got the |
|
| 17:01 | stuff. Yeah, that's all But why most of the people? |
|
| 17:08 | I'm looking at you guys know you are being quiet because you don't want |
|
| 17:11 | say something dumb in class. And me pointed out like, ha ha |
|
| 17:14 | don't remember it? None of you do. Alright. You memorize something |
|
| 17:18 | biology too. And you're like, , b so some people mitosis is |
|
| 17:23 | on my Asus twice, or mitosis twice. Right? You got |
|
| 17:26 | 1st set of my mitosis and then basically have your DNA somehow magically. |
|
| 17:32 | then you get mitosis right? It's right. Yeah. And yeah, |
|
| 17:37 | kind of true. But the whole of mitosis is to create that have |
|
| 17:41 | game meat and that's a really difficult to do. And if you look |
|
| 17:44 | the pathways, right? So the we talk about this stuff is so |
|
| 17:49 | we understand that in order to create deployed organism, we have to have |
|
| 17:54 | D. N. A. In first place. All right. So |
|
| 17:57 | going to care about ploy by You've probably learned half Lloyd and |
|
| 18:01 | right? And you're good with But there's also a time when we're |
|
| 18:05 | to double our D. N. . And so in my field, |
|
| 18:08 | don't call that double deployed. We it Tetra Floyd. All right. |
|
| 18:12 | not really touched employed. But you're to hear that meets a here's a |
|
| 18:16 | deployed and just understand that I'm running and loose with the word. All |
|
| 18:21 | . So you start off as a organism that's basically two in right. |
|
| 18:26 | have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes go , right? And what you're gonna |
|
| 18:31 | is you're gonna split that DNA. the way you can think about this |
|
| 18:34 | that you are not really, you actually a combination of your parents. |
|
| 18:41 | the DNA that you have is both mom and your dad, but you're |
|
| 18:45 | are some sort of strange. Amalgam um of that combination. And so |
|
| 18:49 | you're doing is you're passing on your . In other words, how you |
|
| 18:54 | it. All right. So when thinking of your half Lloyd D. |
|
| 18:58 | . A easy way to think that's mine. But when I got |
|
| 19:01 | to them. All right. remember at some point in your |
|
| 19:09 | this is the first thing that's offensive it's really hard to think about some |
|
| 19:13 | in your life actually at the beginning your life. Are you ready for |
|
| 19:18 | ? Your parents had sex? I it's a horrible thought. And what's |
|
| 19:25 | worse is when you think about my had sex and then my great grandparents |
|
| 19:30 | sex and oh my goodness, my great grandparents had sex and they did |
|
| 19:36 | the horrible things that you did that awkward kiss. Right? And then |
|
| 19:41 | from between their until they had you now I throw all that stuff out |
|
| 19:46 | . Want to shock you because it'll you up, Right, That's just |
|
| 19:51 | . But the whole purpose here. . I mean gross mom and dad |
|
| 19:55 | sex. No, no, I magically conceived from the being of the |
|
| 20:00 | . Right? So the point here is that those germ cells that mom |
|
| 20:05 | dad contributed during that time basically resulted you. Okay, there's no one |
|
| 20:11 | that that didn't happen even though we like to think about it. All |
|
| 20:17 | . So this my Asus is what going to allow us now over here |
|
| 20:20 | the, on the left side. is my toast as you can see |
|
| 20:23 | there. You're too in, we're to make it a nice simple deployed |
|
| 20:28 | chromosome sell make our lives easy, many chromosomes do we have 23 |
|
| 20:37 | Right. So here we have two two. So four. So two |
|
| 20:42 | . Right? We double that. we're basically not deployed. Were now |
|
| 20:47 | deployed, which I'm just going to for the sake of our simplicity. |
|
| 20:50 | Tripp Loyd, it's not truly tech because what's going to happen is we |
|
| 20:55 | through our meta phase and then we're divide in the by tele phase. |
|
| 20:59 | ? We're gonna align things up and divide. And voila, we get |
|
| 21:02 | two in. So look at that . We are basically calling ourselves nice |
|
| 21:06 | easy Biology too. Check mark. got my 100. All right. |
|
| 21:11 | Asus. All right. Big All right. So here I |
|
| 21:15 | I'm my two in. Right? gonna double my D N. |
|
| 21:19 | Look at that. I'm still the . But somehow I magically get over |
|
| 21:22 | to one in. What did I ? Well, I went through a |
|
| 21:25 | phase over here with my toe I get that tele face. How |
|
| 21:29 | I get one in over here? do I become happy Lloyd. What |
|
| 21:32 | it do differently? Mhm. Can see where that happened? I'll stand |
|
| 21:39 | of the way. Let's you guys it over for a second. Tick |
|
| 21:42 | . Tick tock? Yeah, it separate again. You ready for some |
|
| 21:54 | ? You want to have fun No, she didn't want to fund |
|
| 21:58 | guys. Want to have fun. right. I want two guys to |
|
| 22:01 | up here. You two awesome. . I need to brave young women |
|
| 22:13 | up here. We're going to learn some reproduction today. Come on. |
|
| 22:18 | be shy. Come on. We're to learn mitosis and mitosis. |
|
| 22:21 | you'll never forget it. All I love calling people up at the |
|
| 22:28 | of a reproduction talk. Mhm. . All right. Since you're not |
|
| 22:34 | enough to give me a chromosome Yes, anyone one through 23 or |
|
| 22:40 | one through 22, 22. All . We're going to start off, |
|
| 22:45 | all chromosome 22. So, what need is we have an original |
|
| 22:48 | Here's mom's DNAa chromosome number 22. not invented yet. Here's dad's DNA |
|
| 22:57 | number 22. Right, Can you that they're slightly different. All |
|
| 23:04 | Right. Because remember we're basically amalgam our parental DNA. So, that's |
|
| 23:09 | I'm saying. If you think about being passed off, it's an |
|
| 23:12 | So, there are a little IQ . Little differences. All right, |
|
| 23:17 | , my toast is what happens is we're going to copy our DNA and |
|
| 23:25 | going to copy our DNA. And we're gonna do is we're gonna go |
|
| 23:30 | the alignment during the metaphors and look happens when we align? We'll line |
|
| 23:35 | along the center of the cell. , The the whatever. What are |
|
| 23:42 | plate metal faceplate. Thank you. then what we do is we divide |
|
| 23:46 | cell. And what do we end with? To end to end, |
|
| 23:51 | ? Mom DNA Dad DNA Mom DNA DNA. Very simple. Right? |
|
| 23:55 | . Let's start up again. Mom dad DNA in the center, |
|
| 23:59 | Homologous. And then what we we're going to copy the DNA and |
|
| 24:03 | going to copy the DNA and then going to put them together as a |
|
| 24:10 | as a tattoo employed. All So, we're gonna line them all |
|
| 24:16 | Except they're all connected together because we're naming one chromosome. And I'm not |
|
| 24:19 | other people up here. So, can imagine chromosome number 12 and number |
|
| 24:24 | in Yada Yada Yada are all lined . And then what we do is |
|
| 24:28 | we go through that first met a . What we do is we divide |
|
| 24:32 | cell again. And what we have we have a Hap Lloyd cell. |
|
| 24:37 | it has double the DNA. Stay . Now we have a Hap Lloyd |
|
| 24:46 | . Now it still has double the . The cell is non functional because |
|
| 24:51 | has too much of a good Right? So that's why we have |
|
| 24:54 | go through that second arm biotic Right? And that's when we divide |
|
| 25:00 | and we end up with mm 2, 34 A Lloyd cells. |
|
| 25:08 | makes sense. Now you're going to this. I'm going to help them |
|
| 25:12 | when you practice this. You can a friend and you can put down |
|
| 25:16 | right hand and you can go down left hand. Dad's chromosome. Mom's |
|
| 25:21 | and then just match it and then to divide like that and see what |
|
| 25:26 | . Thank you for playing my See, it wasn't as scary as |
|
| 25:29 | thought it was gonna be. All . So, the reason we need |
|
| 25:33 | have this, my Asus is well, because we need to get |
|
| 25:37 | to this Hap Lloyd Wright. But happening is, is right up there |
|
| 25:43 | we duplicate our DNA, we're going form what is called that Tetra employed |
|
| 25:48 | sorry, that to trad. So you look over here, what do |
|
| 25:51 | have? There is the original chromosome its sister original promoted in its |
|
| 25:57 | Right? And over here we have original insist, er, but it's |
|
| 26:01 | to the homologous chromosome and its Right? And that's the idea. |
|
| 26:08 | that's what we're splitting in half are paired homologous chromosomes. That's where we |
|
| 26:12 | the app Lloyd. Now, all is just to get down to |
|
| 26:18 | All right, to go through those phases and get to that half Lloyd |
|
| 26:21 | . Now you don't need to walk all this stuff. Did you guys |
|
| 26:25 | learn? Just as out of curiosity the different phases of pro phase you |
|
| 26:29 | . Okay, What class cell Anyone I saw over here because I |
|
| 26:34 | she's transferred in anyone else from, ? Genetics. You did. |
|
| 26:39 | So you talked about 16 pack Fantastic. Yeah. They rarely does |
|
| 26:45 | ever talk about this stuff. I'm just glad that you guys have |
|
| 26:49 | exposed to it. Okay. she of course, good for |
|
| 26:55 | And she's stuck next to me and she hears me ramble on and |
|
| 26:58 | No, but she's she's like a powerhouse. All right. So all |
|
| 27:04 | . So, what I what I'm this up and what I'm talking about |
|
| 27:08 | , because the first goal of our systems is to produce these hapless organized |
|
| 27:13 | these happy Lloyd sells. It doesn't if you're male or female. That |
|
| 27:16 | the ultimate goal in terms of gamete . All right. And so we're |
|
| 27:21 | to 1st 2nd Mail um um gammy which is permitted genesis. And we're |
|
| 27:25 | look at female, which is genesis And it's going to be our |
|
| 27:29 | introduction to simple versus complex. All . So, how it works in |
|
| 27:36 | Mail. First off, it doesn't if you're looking male female. You're |
|
| 27:38 | to have three stages, basically a stage of biotic stage and then some |
|
| 27:43 | of modification stage. So, the M's mitosis mitosis modification. All |
|
| 27:49 | mitosis in the mail. It starts your sperm ago. Nia this is |
|
| 27:53 | little bit deeper than what we normally about. But basically what we say |
|
| 27:56 | look there are type A's from There's actually a primordial germ cell. |
|
| 28:01 | just kind of hanging out and reproducing from Macedonia. And what you're doing |
|
| 28:04 | you get the type A's and then proliferating and they're kind of hanging out |
|
| 28:09 | the Taipei's to reproduce more Taipei's. some of them differentiate into the type |
|
| 28:15 | . All right. And then the These are the ones that then divide |
|
| 28:18 | multiply and then the type bees are ones that are going to move through |
|
| 28:23 | process of superman to genesis. All . So, what you're doing now |
|
| 28:26 | you're basically creating amplification. All Now, why would you need to |
|
| 28:32 | ? All right. Why can't we you know, go ahead and just |
|
| 28:36 | that germ cell population right away. , you'd run out. All |
|
| 28:43 | Here is the time where I get embarrass all the gods. Alright. |
|
| 28:47 | germ cell populations or human reproductive success dependent upon males, we would have |
|
| 28:55 | our First a salvo into the reproductive when we were 12 or 14 years |
|
| 29:01 | when we first discovered our bodies and the guys are now sitting there |
|
| 29:06 | I'm not going to talk about All right. We need to have |
|
| 29:11 | set aside so that we can replenish pool. Now, do you know |
|
| 29:16 | many sperm we produced in a You only want to wager a guess |
|
| 29:20 | millions is a good number. About million per day. All right. |
|
| 29:29 | It's It's Yeah, it'll get the done. Uh huh. All |
|
| 29:35 | So, what we're doing is the cells, the ones that are dividing |
|
| 29:42 | reproducing and creating a larger and larger arthur sperm ago, Nia. When |
|
| 29:47 | differentiate and become biotic, they're now primitive sites. All right. And |
|
| 29:54 | they're doing is is you're now taking go nia and it's becoming one |
|
| 29:58 | Now, I want to point out that's in the drawing. Do you |
|
| 30:00 | right there? That little bridge that's on purpose. All right. And |
|
| 30:05 | gonna see why here in just a . See what's going to happen. |
|
| 30:08 | that primary site is going to undergo first division. Right? Remember what |
|
| 30:14 | saw up here? We saw mom's . N. A. And dad's |
|
| 30:17 | being separated. Right? All Let's think about the sex chromosome for |
|
| 30:21 | moment. What is the female sex ? What do we call it? |
|
| 30:26 | . It's not solely limited to Right? But you get to, |
|
| 30:30 | , males, we get the broken . Which is the why? |
|
| 30:34 | So, you can imagine now I've cells to have an X. Only |
|
| 30:39 | A Y only. Right? Because have an X. And a |
|
| 30:43 | Alright. Now I called the Y the broken X. There's about 33 |
|
| 30:48 | on that. There might be a bit more. A little bit |
|
| 30:50 | I can't remember the exact number. some reason. 33 stuck in my |
|
| 30:53 | there's about 3000 genes on the X , they're not all sex related. |
|
| 31:00 | ? So, if I'm a cell has just gone through division and I'm |
|
| 31:05 | happy Lloyd, right? And I have the Y chromosome I'm not going |
|
| 31:10 | survive, am I? Because there genes that are on that X chromosome |
|
| 31:14 | I need turned on and producing materials me. But that's over there. |
|
| 31:19 | that little bridge ensures that I get materials. Mhm. It's that's I |
|
| 31:32 | , that's a really good question. the honest truth is, I don't |
|
| 31:35 | the answer to that. All It's there's there's there's a there's a |
|
| 31:39 | of it that is that our sperm incredibly fragile. It has to also |
|
| 31:43 | with what's going on in our My or epidemic diseases probably is the |
|
| 31:47 | singular term and that we're not processing sperm properly. And so while we |
|
| 31:54 | be able to move a sperm from testis to the epidemics, it's in |
|
| 31:59 | epidemics that they're really kind of All right. That's the best answer |
|
| 32:03 | have. You know. All So, this is those two steps |
|
| 32:08 | going to go through one division two . Now, see the problem is |
|
| 32:11 | they're they're making this confusing because it's to be this one is connected to |
|
| 32:15 | one or becomes this one, then becomes too, which becomes four. |
|
| 32:19 | right. So once you've gone through two divisions, these four are now |
|
| 32:24 | sperm of kids. So what I you to notice here we go from |
|
| 32:28 | to sites sites to ted's. And that terminology is used in the |
|
| 32:33 | . So it would be oh go . Oh sites. Oh Tid. |
|
| 32:37 | right. So the terminology is All right. And then I said |
|
| 32:43 | last stage in our case it's a me. A genesis is what we |
|
| 32:47 | to it as it is for me genius you're modifying. Because if you |
|
| 32:50 | at this cell, does this look a sperm that you're familiar with? |
|
| 32:55 | . What is the sperm that you're with look like? If you had |
|
| 32:58 | describe it to someone who's never seen sperm, how would you describe |
|
| 33:02 | It's like a worm. What was ethel? Oh. Temple. |
|
| 33:09 | Tadpole. You're right. That's that's one I always think of as |
|
| 33:13 | Right? It's basically this fat thing the front end and this long. |
|
| 33:17 | bitsy tail. It looks like tadpoles around. Got the little tiny wiggly |
|
| 33:21 | at the end, right at the . Alright. Warm works too. |
|
| 33:25 | it's missing that bullet at the front . All right. So we got |
|
| 33:30 | go from round cell that's connected to cells to the actual swimmer that we're |
|
| 33:36 | familiar with. So we're gonna have go through DNA repackaging you lose a |
|
| 33:40 | bunch of organelles, your model old and new structures and so um that's |
|
| 33:46 | be happening in suburbia genesis. All . Now, what I'm doing while |
|
| 33:50 | shifting, you can look these are exact same slides, Right. Is |
|
| 33:54 | want you to understand organization here. this is really hard to this is |
|
| 33:57 | chicken and egg type of lecture. right. And so when you cut |
|
| 34:02 | a testes and you look at where are going, you're going to see |
|
| 34:06 | it's called the seminal first tube. all right. So the 71st tubular |
|
| 34:11 | around it's made up of cells called cells, which we'll get to in |
|
| 34:16 | a second. All right. So would be the lumen. That's the |
|
| 34:19 | . This is the the part of tube that is epithelial. And where |
|
| 34:24 | you see these germ cells? you have the stem cell down here |
|
| 34:28 | then this parameter goni are working there they migrate upward as it becomes from |
|
| 34:33 | of sites. There's kind of a migration up and down. But you |
|
| 34:36 | need to worry about that. And what's going to happen is when they |
|
| 34:39 | , they're found here at the lumina then they're released out into the lumen |
|
| 34:44 | the tube. You'll Okay. And what I wanted you to see is |
|
| 34:49 | that kind of looks like here. right. So you can imagine starting |
|
| 34:54 | single multiply multiply multiply Divide by divide again by two. And then |
|
| 35:00 | go through the modification process within the of the seminar first epithelium. |
|
| 35:06 | when we're talking about sperm a what are the kind of changes that |
|
| 35:09 | going on? You can see here's my round cell and I'm becoming |
|
| 35:13 | swimmer. And so it's a stepwise . All right here, we're going |
|
| 35:19 | form the acro zone from the golgi . We're going to form the flu |
|
| 35:23 | , which is basically taking the is migrating to one side, extending |
|
| 35:27 | the from the basal body of the outward to create that flagellum, basically |
|
| 35:32 | the mitochondria so you can provide fuel the base of the flagellum. Um |
|
| 35:37 | you're gonna take a big fat nucleus you're going to pack things up. |
|
| 35:41 | anyone here going home and taking the with you this weekend? Yeah, |
|
| 35:47 | just gonna throw it in the right? Just right? But think |
|
| 35:50 | you had to travel, what's You have a separate suitcase, |
|
| 35:55 | But think about when you're packing for important trip, like let's say you're |
|
| 35:59 | over to Europe for three weeks, ? And you know, it's going |
|
| 36:01 | cost you like $3,000 a bag to a bag and you've got to leave |
|
| 36:05 | room for the wine, you're bringing , right? So what are you |
|
| 36:08 | do? You're going to take those , and you're going roll them up |
|
| 36:12 | tight and get everything jammed into a space, aren't you? The same |
|
| 36:16 | that's going on here is we're taking that is kind of loosely affiliated with |
|
| 36:21 | stones. And we're going to repackage tighten it up. And we're going |
|
| 36:25 | use different sorts of nuclear binding material tighten it up, tighten it up |
|
| 36:30 | tighten it up. So, that's Now, just like you having packed |
|
| 36:35 | bag to europe. All right, don't even know the names. But |
|
| 36:39 | you're convincing and repackaging, All And then you're going to get rid |
|
| 36:43 | any excess cytoplasm because we know excess is going to slow you down on |
|
| 36:47 | race to that site. Mm So, what you're gonna end up |
|
| 36:51 | is what is called the spermatozoa. that singular spermatozoa is plural. All |
|
| 36:56 | . And so there's four parts that have the head. That's where the |
|
| 36:59 | material is going to be located. have an aphorism, The aphorism sits |
|
| 37:03 | the nucleus. All right. This going to contain enzymes to allow it |
|
| 37:07 | penetrate through the protective layers that surround oocyte. We have a mid |
|
| 37:12 | This is where all the mitochondria And then we basically have this nice |
|
| 37:16 | vigil a that's responsible for motility. the only place in the body where |
|
| 37:19 | is found. Now, what we here is called the seminars, Epithelial |
|
| 37:25 | first epithelial cycle. There's a lot words in there. Alright. And |
|
| 37:29 | what this does, it just shows this process and it's it's kind of |
|
| 37:33 | if you look at it basically, says over on this side, that's |
|
| 37:36 | far I am within the epithelium. , down here is the base. |
|
| 37:40 | that would be the base up. would be the top. All |
|
| 37:43 | So where am I? And then long does it take? And then |
|
| 37:46 | long does it take? How many does it take to get from down |
|
| 37:50 | ? All the way up there to released? So, really, what |
|
| 37:53 | want to point out is that it about 74 days to produce his firm |
|
| 37:56 | start to finish. It's not too . Right. And if I'm producing |
|
| 38:02 | 80 million, that's that's really kind kind of interesting how fast and so |
|
| 38:06 | of these represents a time point when starting the whole cycle all over |
|
| 38:10 | So, while this is 74 days their 16, there's 16, |
|
| 38:14 | So, each generation begins roughly every days. If you wanted to, |
|
| 38:18 | could kind of go, oh, , there's about five generations that are |
|
| 38:21 | developed. I didn't get at any time, which is kind of |
|
| 38:25 | Now, why do I point this ? Because we spend a lot of |
|
| 38:28 | talking about the menstrual cycle and how it produces those sites and no one |
|
| 38:31 | talks about the men and how long takes to produce the sperm. And |
|
| 38:34 | wanted you guys to know we work to 75 days. Mhm. |
|
| 38:40 | All right. So really the key take away from this. Not as |
|
| 38:45 | as a female. You know about days basically what you're doing is down |
|
| 38:50 | the immature cells and you're migrating up the epithelium upward and that's the most |
|
| 38:57 | sell at the top. Mhm. right. Not to produce or prove |
|
| 39:04 | hypothesis. Now when does traumatic genesis Technically Superman to Genesis begins very early |
|
| 39:12 | in development but it's very slow. right. And it really gets ramped |
|
| 39:16 | right around puberty. All right. you can say, yeah, it |
|
| 39:20 | in puberty in males. So roughly the age of 10. All |
|
| 39:24 | When the gonads begin to grow and reason they're growing and growing is because |
|
| 39:30 | filling that similar first epithelium with all cells. All right. So that's |
|
| 39:34 | they get bigger. All right. roughly around puberty is really kind of |
|
| 39:38 | big picture here and females. Oh begins at week 22 after conception. |
|
| 39:47 | right. So already we're starting about little bit of a difference. Gonads |
|
| 39:51 | developed or form between week 20 about 24. So we're just gonna slice |
|
| 39:55 | of difference in colour. About week . All right. And what you're |
|
| 39:59 | do. You're gonna go through that idea topic division. So remember we |
|
| 40:02 | mitosis mitosis and then we have a . So those ogoni a those stem |
|
| 40:09 | are going to first migrate into the ovaries form what are called the |
|
| 40:14 | And then they're going to divide and gonna get somewhere in the neighborhood of |
|
| 40:17 | million ago. Nia in those Which is not bad. Right. |
|
| 40:23 | think about how most people give birth how many Children at a time |
|
| 40:29 | All right, alright. There are exceptions to the rules. My wife |
|
| 40:33 | birth to two twice and she's also herself. And then we have people |
|
| 40:38 | get the assistance like octomom who gave to eight. That's rare. Very |
|
| 40:44 | . That's bad. two sets of . Yeah. And my wife is |
|
| 40:49 | twin and then her sister who is her twin also had twins. Oh |
|
| 40:55 | the way, the longer you wait greater probability that's going to happen for |
|
| 40:57 | ladies. So you know a lot fun. All right now the ogoni |
|
| 41:05 | that you've created in this pool are to enter into my office once they're |
|
| 41:08 | to multiply their DNA and they're going now be in that tetra employed stage |
|
| 41:13 | then they're going to stop and All right. They're not going to |
|
| 41:17 | through that first biotic division. Now of these cells when they go through |
|
| 41:21 | process of entering into my house has they're going to fail in their |
|
| 41:26 | So there's a natural failure rate in . Alright. And so this is |
|
| 41:30 | true in males, right? But happening is is that you don't have |
|
| 41:33 | very big pool. How many sperm produced per day? 80 million versus |
|
| 41:41 | million at the beginning of your Alright. So what's going to happen |
|
| 41:46 | , is of those six million that gone through mitosis, About 80% of |
|
| 41:51 | die off. Okay. So you're off live? Not with six million |
|
| 41:58 | . Oh, not with four Illegal, but with about two |
|
| 42:01 | Oh, sites. All right. , let's contemplate the number of Children |
|
| 42:09 | you want over the course of your . Anyone here satisfied with at least |
|
| 42:13 | million? Do you want two million ? Yeah, I just saw the |
|
| 42:18 | like uh No. So, do think you have a pool big enough |
|
| 42:23 | satisfy your offspring needs? Yes. someone here is not satisfied with two |
|
| 42:31 | . They're saying that's too that's too . I need at least four. |
|
| 42:35 | then you're okay. All right. what's going to happen now is they're |
|
| 42:39 | form into these structures called follicles. gonna get these granular cells are gonna |
|
| 42:44 | them. So, you can think it like this is like I got |
|
| 42:46 | little tiny oocyte right? It hasn't through its first division. And then |
|
| 42:50 | bunch of cells are gonna surround it create this structure called a follicle and |
|
| 42:55 | nothing's going to happen for some basically. You go in arrest and |
|
| 43:00 | suspended until puberty? All right Around age of 10 or 12 is about |
|
| 43:06 | you start entering into the process of these follicles and what's going to happen |
|
| 43:14 | is you're going to resume my Asus now, you're not going to do |
|
| 43:17 | of them again, you don't want waste on one shot. You want |
|
| 43:21 | be able to slowly feed oocytes and a single oocytes so you can produce |
|
| 43:27 | single offspring. And so what's going happen is the body selects, sends |
|
| 43:31 | signal and selects of that two million that have gone through this one And |
|
| 43:36 | say, Hey, you 30, choose you and that 30 goes woo |
|
| 43:41 | they begin to advance through miles this . Alright. And what's going to |
|
| 43:46 | is as they advance through some of are going to die off. That's |
|
| 43:50 | we refer to as atresia and there's of reasons for this. And ultimately |
|
| 43:55 | going to happen is one most often going to be selected as the primary |
|
| 44:01 | . The one that is the dominant or the dominant follicle is going to |
|
| 44:05 | selected and that's the one that's going emulate. And so when it goes |
|
| 44:11 | that first biotic division is about the when you ovulate. Alright. So |
|
| 44:16 | first mountain division coincides with ovulation. the signals that cause ovulation are the |
|
| 44:21 | signals that are going to cause this ? All right now, how many |
|
| 44:26 | did it take for us to get male cell? About 74 75. |
|
| 44:33 | to get from that That single that primordial one to a population of |
|
| 44:39 | 290 days. All right. I want you And we're gonna talk |
|
| 44:43 | this again. We get the menstrual , but I'm just gonna put this |
|
| 44:46 | . It doesn't matter where you are your cycle. Think about From 300 |
|
| 44:50 | ago, wherever you are. Whether just a populated or you're about to |
|
| 44:54 | . That's when that particular cell started months ago. All right, guys |
|
| 45:03 | a little bit easier. All Just let's just make sperm just and |
|
| 45:11 | ladies selecting one out of two First start with a pool of 30 |
|
| 45:19 | let down to one. And then you've gone through that division. It's |
|
| 45:22 | populated. It's now excuse the vernacular down through the over duct. It |
|
| 45:31 | really do that. All right. in order to go through the second |
|
| 45:37 | division, it has to come into with the sperm And it has 24 |
|
| 45:42 | to do so. All right. failure to come into contact with the |
|
| 45:48 | . No. 2nd. 2nd basically the oocyte dies and goes |
|
| 45:54 | All right. But if it comes contact with a sperm, that is |
|
| 46:00 | be the signal to cause the second second biotic division. You get rid |
|
| 46:04 | that last little bit of DNA. then that's going to allow the two |
|
| 46:08 | to then use take their pro bring them together and now you have |
|
| 46:12 | new organism. So, oh genesis little bit more complicated. Start off |
|
| 46:20 | after conception, Wait for 13 years then you start selecting along the path |
|
| 46:26 | you can see what we're doing All right. But the mechanisms are |
|
| 46:30 | the same. The Otis is gonna for a very very short period of |
|
| 46:34 | . That's the I'm getting rid of D. N. A. And |
|
| 46:36 | are my modifications? Well, there's things that are going on that we're |
|
| 46:40 | to deal with. So what we're do is we're gonna go through the |
|
| 46:43 | reproductive system. And again, I'm deal with that question. Male males |
|
| 46:47 | simple. Women are complicated. So is how you can think of a |
|
| 46:51 | in terms of our functionality of our system. There's two roles produce sperm |
|
| 46:56 | deliver sperm. That's it. So that you're looking at, you have |
|
| 47:02 | ask the question is this making sperm is a delivering sperm? But it |
|
| 47:05 | play that role then? It's not important system. Okay, so we |
|
| 47:09 | sperm and deliver sperm and it's really of explains a lot in terms of |
|
| 47:13 | behavior, doesn't it? It's like all we want to do is we |
|
| 47:16 | to make the sperm. And then we made it let's go deliver it |
|
| 47:20 | that. It's like, well, know, I delivered the sperm. |
|
| 47:24 | going to see It's a little bit complicated for women. All right. |
|
| 47:28 | , what are the structures we got test is the epidemic, the vast |
|
| 47:31 | and seminal vesicles, prostate gland You're going to read through these three |
|
| 47:36 | . Right? Here are your accessory clients. All right. Your path |
|
| 47:41 | reproductive track is basically the structures within tests. Then epidemic, vast deference |
|
| 47:48 | your re throw. All right. , the gun ads are your tests |
|
| 47:52 | there are structures within their that are with the reproductive track. But to |
|
| 47:56 | things off, we're gonna start with scrotum. Humans are one of about |
|
| 48:01 | of all uh mammals that actually have screw them. I think it might |
|
| 48:06 | 40%. Alright. There are other that don't have scrotum. Right. |
|
| 48:11 | really low purpose of the scrotum is maintain the property proper temperature of the |
|
| 48:15 | is to ensure its traumatic growth, grow at roughly 34°C What's body temperature |
|
| 48:26 | . So, If you bring it to 37°, you're gonna start killing off |
|
| 48:30 | . So, you need to keep lower temperature. And so, that's |
|
| 48:33 | purpose of the scrotum. It moves tests away from the body and now |
|
| 48:38 | can temperature regulate. All right. , there are two muscles in the |
|
| 48:42 | that are of significance. All The first. Alright, do I |
|
| 48:48 | even up here. You're good. gonna be on the next one. |
|
| 48:51 | right. The first is the dark . Alright, The dart toast muscle |
|
| 48:54 | a smooth muscle that lines the skin the scrotum. This is the one |
|
| 48:59 | responsible for temperature control. All So, when the muscle contracts, |
|
| 49:03 | it does is it causes the skin bunch up. It pulls the |
|
| 49:07 | Really pushes the test is up towards body where there is warmer temperatures. |
|
| 49:11 | right. So, what you've done you've reduced surface area, so less |
|
| 49:15 | is lost, or less heat is . You thicken the skin so less |
|
| 49:19 | is lost. And you're closer to heat source. So, you basically |
|
| 49:22 | warm the testes and bring the temperature towards 34°. If it if the surrounding |
|
| 49:29 | is cool. All right. When temperature is too hot, then what |
|
| 49:32 | do is you relax the dart owes scrotum relaxes greater surface area thinner further |
|
| 49:38 | from the source of heat that cools . So, you basically you can |
|
| 49:42 | the temperature to around 34 degrees C right. Some textbooks talk about the |
|
| 49:48 | muscle. Playing a role in pulling tests up towards the body for the |
|
| 49:51 | of tissue or temperature control. It no role in that. All |
|
| 49:55 | Part of the problem with putting your ads on the outside of the |
|
| 49:58 | is that they can be locked All right. You see this in |
|
| 50:03 | all the time. The first first male mouth that breeds is now |
|
| 50:06 | alpha mouse. All right. He to brag and how does he |
|
| 50:10 | He goes to the other mice and , Hey, I'm the alpha |
|
| 50:13 | I'm going to show off your tests that's what it does. That's how |
|
| 50:17 | brag. When your mouse, you that you have no competition and there's |
|
| 50:22 | worse when you go into a cage pups that you haven't separated out and |
|
| 50:25 | pick them up and there are no because one mouse actually had sex with |
|
| 50:30 | one of his sisters. And then like, yeah, I'm chewing off |
|
| 50:32 | the balls off my um, my . It's a very disheartening thing, |
|
| 50:39 | if your reproductive biologists like I needed . You're throwing you all away |
|
| 50:47 | All right. So right. I , and again, Guys, remember |
|
| 50:54 | you're about 12, 14 years remember you first learned that if you |
|
| 50:57 | somebody below the belt, what would is that that you became the king |
|
| 51:02 | the playground. And so that's how All right. So this isn't limited |
|
| 51:09 | mice. That's what we do. ? That's how we demonstrate. Alphen |
|
| 51:14 | all right. So we have to ahead because we know someone's going to |
|
| 51:20 | and do horrible things to us. so the cremaster muscle during periods of |
|
| 51:25 | excitation exercise are there to pull the up close and near to the body |
|
| 51:31 | they can't be damaged during those periods strenuous activity. Whatever it happens to |
|
| 51:40 | , the penis is the Coppola torrey . All right. And the |
|
| 51:44 | again, of the popular story organ to deliver sperm into the female reproductive |
|
| 51:49 | as near to the female gamete as can possibly get. All right, |
|
| 51:54 | you look at all the organisms that penises, you'll note that there is |
|
| 51:59 | matching shape into the structure in which are trying to get into. |
|
| 52:04 | if you ever look at a penis you go, man, that is |
|
| 52:06 | weirdest looking thing. It's not as as an ear. All right. |
|
| 52:10 | you look at you know that is . There are weirder stuff than what |
|
| 52:14 | got. All right, cats. you ever heard cats caterwauling at |
|
| 52:19 | You ever heard that at night? think it's like a cat fight? |
|
| 52:23 | , no, no. That's a coy tal cry. What's happened is |
|
| 52:28 | a a cat at the end of penises has these little tiny hooks. |
|
| 52:35 | right. They copulate those hooks hook the vagina and keep the cat in |
|
| 52:43 | to make sure that the sperm has opportunity to go deeper into the female |
|
| 52:48 | tract. That cry you hear is female going, I'm not having any |
|
| 52:52 | anymore? All right. If you've dogs that you have a new, |
|
| 52:57 | you see them get nodded the base their penis, it basically bulbs |
|
| 53:01 | Does the same thing, Right? look at a mouse that has a |
|
| 53:05 | in its penis, purpose of which to penetrate through a waxy seal if |
|
| 53:09 | comes across it in population. So a male deposited sperm, it creates |
|
| 53:15 | plug and says, ha ha this going to keep anyone else from getting |
|
| 53:21 | where I've just deposited my sperm. that's when that little tiny needle goes |
|
| 53:24 | there and pulls it out and I think twice. Mhm. Pigs |
|
| 53:31 | a corkscrew. Why? Because pig's is a corkscrew. The shape of |
|
| 53:39 | penis matches the vagina to which it supposed to uh go with. All |
|
| 53:45 | now, structurally. This is an tissue. All right. And so |
|
| 53:51 | is the erectile tissue? It's basically tissue and smooth muscle. It's a |
|
| 53:56 | in which blood is going to enter . And it causes during sexual arouses |
|
| 54:01 | dilation of the blood vessels, Blood in and causes the penis to both |
|
| 54:06 | and to harden. Alright rigid. right. So the different erectile tissues |
|
| 54:12 | the corpus spongy, assume it's around urethra, the purpose of which is |
|
| 54:15 | ensure that the arista doesn't flatten like paper um straw. Ever use a |
|
| 54:21 | straw after a while, it flattens . Can't suck anything through that If |
|
| 54:26 | trying to ejaculate through a flattened it isn't going to work. |
|
| 54:31 | So you need something that is going be rounded up and it's going to |
|
| 54:34 | for that sperm to pass through That's the whole purpose of the corpus |
|
| 54:38 | . Assume the corpus cavernous them. are the paired bodies. You can |
|
| 54:41 | here that kinda looks like the two looks like a shocked face. |
|
| 54:44 | if you look at it. All , alright, so there's the corporate |
|
| 54:50 | osa prepared structures. That's the dorsal that give an erect penis. It's |
|
| 54:56 | style. N rigid structure. Moving the tests. All right, same |
|
| 55:03 | of the tests are going to be within the ovaries. All right, |
|
| 55:06 | , we have um some tunic. is connective tissue that divides and protects |
|
| 55:11 | structure. So we have the tunic . And the tuna, vaginal, |
|
| 55:15 | Virginia comes from white. So, a white structure. The vaginal is |
|
| 55:21 | is basically what is going to be on the surface trying to hold things |
|
| 55:27 | . You peel these things away, can push up and basically what you |
|
| 55:30 | up with a bunch of spaghetti. , it's not really spaghetti, |
|
| 55:34 | But what it is is basically our first tubules. And so you can |
|
| 55:39 | in our little cartoon here, they've to show you what the similar first |
|
| 55:42 | . Most textbooks, we have a that looks like this. If I |
|
| 55:45 | doing research on the seminar for I would throw that slide away because |
|
| 55:48 | a terrible picture. I want a round structure. This is slightly |
|
| 55:53 | So you're not getting a good slice it. All right. But you |
|
| 55:57 | imagine if I get a good slice it, I'm going to see a |
|
| 55:59 | bunch of things that look like this this is our sperm factory. All |
|
| 56:03 | . That's a seminar for studio. is makes up 80% of the testicular |
|
| 56:07 | when you have kids and they start from childhood into puberty. You're going |
|
| 56:13 | see them run from the shower, there, close to the shower. |
|
| 56:16 | then there's basically what you see as see this little tiny thing right in |
|
| 56:20 | little tiny scrotum, which is kind sad and pathetic. And then one |
|
| 56:23 | you're gonna see something a little bit and you're like, ha, that's |
|
| 56:26 | . It's coming because that's going to long before the voice changing the hair |
|
| 56:31 | the awkwardness and pimples and all the fun stuff. All right now, |
|
| 56:38 | just gonna use this as an You can see out here. |
|
| 56:40 | what we have here are different types cells out here. These are my |
|
| 56:45 | cells right there, a smooth muscle and their job is sit there to |
|
| 56:50 | rhythmically to help squeeze the seminars The seminary Seminary epithelium. Now in |
|
| 56:57 | , there's gonna be fluid. All . And so these tubes, you |
|
| 57:00 | see that they're interconnected. And they're on to the vast deference to a |
|
| 57:03 | of structures. But what they're doing you're moving the mature sperm through the |
|
| 57:09 | . And so having the maya itself there, squeezing, helps to propel |
|
| 57:12 | fluid in a particular direction. All now, when you look at this |
|
| 57:18 | and there's the cartoon better than what done, what you're gonna see, |
|
| 57:22 | see all this purple stuff. Those these cells called the Seattle cells and |
|
| 57:26 | shuttle cells make up the walls of first epithelium. So, if I |
|
| 57:31 | to irradiate the test is for and wipe out all the germ |
|
| 57:34 | Which is what happens in humans, with mice, but humans. What |
|
| 57:38 | happen is you can say this thing become depopulated. So you basically just |
|
| 57:42 | a whole bunch of Sir totally sells and thick, like what you're saying |
|
| 57:45 | ? So these cells are in between Seattle cells. Can you can you |
|
| 57:52 | that? Right? So, it's if you can imagine the boundary, |
|
| 57:56 | you've done is you've jammed these cells between the two cells and that's where |
|
| 58:00 | working what happens is that the Seattle . So you can kind of see |
|
| 58:06 | there's the boundary of the Seattle cell there it is goes up and around |
|
| 58:09 | . So you can see that what have is a barrier. There's a |
|
| 58:13 | of tight junctions that create a blood barrier. So there's a barrier between |
|
| 58:19 | outside here, in the inside there of those little cells. Now, |
|
| 58:29 | do they do? Well, since only way you're gonna get a nutrient |
|
| 58:31 | these cells up here is that those have to pass from the blood into |
|
| 58:36 | interstitial and off to the shuttle And the cell then distributes the nutrients |
|
| 58:42 | the cell dies Well, certainly cells for Vegas, sanitizing the materials that |
|
| 58:48 | left over. It also plays a in producing the seminal fluid. So |
|
| 58:53 | flu that you find in here is by that sir, totally sell. |
|
| 58:57 | we usually say is that the shuttle is kind of a nurse sell. |
|
| 59:00 | does all the work to allow for semi nefarious or sorry to allow for |
|
| 59:04 | sperm ago, Nia and this dramatic to mature and become this permitted and |
|
| 59:09 | , the spermatozoa. All right, say that they control and regulate. |
|
| 59:15 | do they really control and regulate? , not really. But there's a |
|
| 59:20 | , there is a degree of communication goes between them also out here. |
|
| 59:24 | , here's that myeloid cell, Um what you have outside, it's |
|
| 59:30 | to see it over here like over these areas, you can kind of |
|
| 59:33 | these bunches of cells, those are egg cells. Latex cells, their |
|
| 59:38 | is to produce testosterone. All so they respond to LH now here |
|
| 59:51 | are in the testes seminar for sympathy goes into the red testes then it |
|
| 59:55 | or works its way through the F ducks. You don't need to know |
|
| 59:58 | names. That's really my younger My ap students want you do is |
|
| 60:03 | get into the epidermis and the epidemics can think of as a modifying |
|
| 60:09 | Its job is to take the cells are produced here that are mature and |
|
| 60:13 | them into functional sperm. All well, what does that mean? |
|
| 60:18 | right. If I were to go and extract a sperm from any point |
|
| 60:21 | here that's mature and I take it put it on a naked oh |
|
| 60:25 | The words it doesn't have anything to it. And I lay that thing |
|
| 60:28 | top of it. This is what would do. I ain't gonna |
|
| 60:36 | I don't know what I'm doing I've got about 72 hours to |
|
| 60:43 | They don't know what to do. the whole purpose of the epidemic imus |
|
| 60:47 | to make modifications to the cells so it can then do the things that |
|
| 60:51 | designed to do which is to deliver genetic material to the oocytes so they |
|
| 60:55 | produce an offspring. All right. one thing that does is it creates |
|
| 60:59 | along its length onto the cell and what you're doing is you're modifying cell |
|
| 61:05 | markers. And it's really interesting because can go in and you can actually |
|
| 61:09 | out sperm at different points along the and you can see that now this |
|
| 61:14 | doesn't recognize another site, but this does. This one not only can |
|
| 61:19 | the oocyte, but it can actually the protective barrier, right? And |
|
| 61:25 | can actually penetrate through. That's one it does. Also this is where |
|
| 61:29 | sperm learns how to swim. And , you can go in, you |
|
| 61:32 | pull them out. It's like, this sperm here knows how to swim |
|
| 61:35 | . This sperm here knows how to in circles. All right. So |
|
| 61:40 | it's learning how to respond to chemical signals to swim to where the oocyte |
|
| 61:46 | going to be. And the last you want to do this is our |
|
| 61:50 | site really. The vast difference up and the tail end, which is |
|
| 61:56 | called the tale of the epidemics. the, the kata is what is |
|
| 62:01 | to serves as a place where we're store up sperm. And so what |
|
| 62:04 | gonna do is all that fluid, is now kind of loose, loosey |
|
| 62:08 | and allows the sperm to kind of around and move and being contact with |
|
| 62:11 | cells inside the epidemic. You're removing that stuff and you're kind of jamming |
|
| 62:15 | all together. So that basically you this thick bullets of sperm, they're |
|
| 62:19 | kind of sitting there going, tell me when to go, I'm |
|
| 62:23 | whenever you are and that's what they . They just sit there and hang |
|
| 62:31 | the vast difference. Or the doctors . Again, the coddle resource on |
|
| 62:37 | most distal region. Right? Because would be approximately, this would be |
|
| 62:42 | most distal regions. We're going to some sperm stored up. But basically |
|
| 62:46 | it is is it's a two between storage site and the site of |
|
| 62:52 | And so when ejaculation is is getting to occur. What you do is |
|
| 62:57 | start moving sperm out from that storage up along the length of the vast |
|
| 63:03 | and you load it up into the where you're going to be create the |
|
| 63:10 | . And then we have a little short duct called the ejaculate torrey |
|
| 63:13 | That's not actually where ejaculation actually It's actually leading from the vast deference |
|
| 63:19 | this chamber that's surrounded by the That's a little bit broader and |
|
| 63:24 | And so that's basically where you're feeding in. And the reason it's called |
|
| 63:27 | ejaculate, the ejaculate Torrey duct is you're now going to start getting materials |
|
| 63:32 | the accessory glands. And so the that you're creating is a combination of |
|
| 63:37 | sperm these cells and these fluids that going to be adding in. So |
|
| 63:47 | leads us into the seminal vegetables and other accessory glance. So the seminal |
|
| 63:52 | when I draw this stuff out. sorry, I I just try to |
|
| 63:55 | this simple, Right? It's here's a testis, right? There |
|
| 63:58 | an epidemic. There's a vast Here's my prostate. There's my Eureka |
|
| 64:02 | I can do it on both But then what I do is I |
|
| 64:04 | rabbit ears. So the rabbit ears the seminal vesicles. All right. |
|
| 64:10 | what they do is they produce about of the fluid that is referred to |
|
| 64:15 | seminal plasma. It's the liquid portion an ejaculate. All right. And |
|
| 64:21 | the first job is what is to is to dilute out the sperm. |
|
| 64:24 | we concentrated it all up. And now what we gotta do, we |
|
| 64:27 | get nice loose and juicy again. we have some room to swim. |
|
| 64:30 | so the idea is I'm gonna provide fluid to create motility for the |
|
| 64:36 | And really what I'm kind of doing also kind of starting to wake them |
|
| 64:39 | . It's like, all right, time to get going and then there's |
|
| 64:41 | other materials within the seminal vesicles that important. First off, it's highly |
|
| 64:47 | and it's alkaline in nature. this is one of the most disgusting |
|
| 64:51 | you'll ever work with if you ever in the reproductive system. The materials |
|
| 64:55 | the seminal vesicles like glue that's kind dried up a little bit how once |
|
| 64:59 | is let out and it just kind gets still kind of sticky but not |
|
| 65:04 | yet. That's where it kind of it's kind of become really tacking what |
|
| 65:08 | do is you cut it out. what we have to do is we |
|
| 65:10 | gods and we start on the terminal and push towards the duct and it |
|
| 65:15 | like popping a bad zit to get material out. Just so you could |
|
| 65:18 | the tissue. It was gross. ? You do this for a couple |
|
| 65:24 | . Good enough tissue. All interesting. It produces a lot of |
|
| 65:29 | . Why fructose? Well, because is what sperm produced prefer as their |
|
| 65:33 | source. That's kind of interesting. glucose fructose. Okay, great |
|
| 65:42 | Now, if I were a betting , if I saw the word |
|
| 65:45 | where do I think it would come ? The prostate gland? That's |
|
| 65:48 | That's that's the full name is prostate . So prostate gland. Then you'd |
|
| 65:52 | it comes and they did. That's they thought. And then once they |
|
| 65:55 | better techniques is like, oh, of the prostaglandins come from the seminal |
|
| 66:00 | and they're not going to rename it the seminal vesicles lens. All |
|
| 66:04 | And then there's some other stuff in that play a role in aiding in |
|
| 66:08 | motility and incapacitation. All right, deal with what capacity ation is in |
|
| 66:13 | a moment. What is the prostate ? Well, it's this structure that |
|
| 66:17 | sorry, this truck. That's a right there. There's your prostate |
|
| 66:21 | Prostates. What all men are dreading their future. All right. Because |
|
| 66:26 | all are fearful of our prostate No one that's incredibly survivable, |
|
| 66:32 | Um What it does is it's a that has multiple ducks that empty out |
|
| 66:37 | the urethra. So it's kind of a doughnut. The urethra goes through |
|
| 66:40 | and it kind of surrounds as all ductwork that's producing this material that is |
|
| 66:45 | to make up about 45% of the plasma. It's slightly acidic in nature |
|
| 66:51 | it has citric acid for example. It has this material called seminal plasma |
|
| 66:56 | serves as an antibiotic. It has . S. A. Which is |
|
| 67:00 | they used to kind of see, know, do you have prostate |
|
| 67:03 | Because your P. S. Numbers rise really quick. That's a |
|
| 67:06 | surfactant. It has peace app prostatic acidic phosphate taste. Which is a |
|
| 67:12 | deceptive. And then it has lots zinc in there because zinc is |
|
| 67:15 | It basically protects against oxygen radicals. , great, awesome. And then |
|
| 67:21 | have the bubble urethral gland or calpers that's the one that produces the last |
|
| 67:25 | bit. It's basically uh materials. can see there's a paired glands and |
|
| 67:31 | sits on either side of the urethra just before ejaculation. During periods of |
|
| 67:37 | arousal, sexual stimulation. It begins its secretions into the urethra. And |
|
| 67:42 | it's doing is this secretions are primarily in nature and it's lubricating the the |
|
| 67:50 | just prior to ejaculation. Now, many reasons for all this stuff. |
|
| 67:55 | right. And so what I like do at this time, and I |
|
| 67:58 | that we're getting close here. It's 12 minutes till the end of class |
|
| 68:01 | I want you to think about sex a second. All right. This |
|
| 68:05 | where I upset people again. It's , think about what sex is. |
|
| 68:09 | right. And I want you to me an adjective of you thinking about |
|
| 68:14 | and think about an adjective that describes . I've gotten some real doozies. |
|
| 68:21 | , just belt them out. I , my favorite one was disappointing. |
|
| 68:27 | . I mean, the whole class was like almost the end of |
|
| 68:30 | It was like, okay, we're . All right. Well, think |
|
| 68:33 | what sex is. Connection. All right. So, there's a |
|
| 68:38 | there. What else? Think about . Not not necessarily the eye contact |
|
| 68:44 | , or or anything. What is actual act of sex like? You |
|
| 68:51 | , this is where I got myself trouble strenuous. Okay, I got |
|
| 68:55 | . All right, guys are just bunch of nervousness. I thought you |
|
| 69:01 | you guys could talk about sex. like, I I don't want to |
|
| 69:04 | about sex. Now, I want talk about safer things like the digestive |
|
| 69:09 | . Mhm. All right. I'll you out Strenuous is actually it's a |
|
| 69:17 | one. All right. But I you to think about population itself. |
|
| 69:21 | is population? It's taking the two organs. A vagina and a |
|
| 69:25 | penis is penetrating into the vagina, ? And it's acting like a |
|
| 69:31 | All right. It basically pushes in pulls out. All right. |
|
| 69:35 | what we're doing is we're actually creating , rare, rare, rare faction |
|
| 69:40 | what I'm looking for. And So we're compressing air out or compressing |
|
| 69:44 | down and we're pulling back out and creating a slight vacuum over and over |
|
| 69:48 | over again. Right? And it's kind of a violent act. And |
|
| 69:52 | not saying violent like, you know , I mean, but there's a |
|
| 69:58 | to it. Right? And so are parts of it that you could |
|
| 70:03 | are not these gentle portrayals of what intimacy is, But there's actually kind |
|
| 70:09 | a roughness to it. I I gave you the example of the |
|
| 70:13 | , the cat in the hooks. ? I mean, that's that's a |
|
| 70:15 | bit on the extreme side. But terms of population, I mean, |
|
| 70:19 | have to provide lubrication or you're basically two things that are rubbing against each |
|
| 70:24 | , producing a lot of heat and necessarily a good heat. Right? |
|
| 70:30 | what semen is is the male contribution , that sexual act in order to |
|
| 70:38 | that its offspring gets to where that , side is. Now, I've |
|
| 70:43 | some characteristics up here, Right? milky white. It's sticky. All |
|
| 70:47 | . So sometimes you can think sweaty, whatever. So it's |
|
| 70:50 | We produced between three and five mills terms of volume in each of those |
|
| 70:55 | contained somewhere between 200 and 500 million . All right now again, people |
|
| 71:02 | up and down. There's differences But one of the other characteristics I |
|
| 71:07 | to point out is that it's alkaline nature. And the reason I bring |
|
| 71:10 | these different characteristics up is because there nothing in our bodies that aren't done |
|
| 71:16 | a purpose. Alright. And so these characteristics have purpose when it comes |
|
| 71:21 | reproductive success, even if it does uncomfortable talking about it. Alright, |
|
| 71:27 | first off the vagina is an acidic . Why acidic? Because acid kills |
|
| 71:35 | ? All right, acidic environments are for living things. Generally speaking, |
|
| 71:41 | organisms survive in there. Right. just in the vagina, but in |
|
| 71:46 | cavities in places that have low But for the most part, foreign |
|
| 71:51 | that come across an acidic environment bad it. And so they die |
|
| 71:55 | So that's a female strategy to prevent organisms from finding some very very nutritious |
|
| 72:03 | for them to live. All right , if I have an acidic |
|
| 72:08 | putting sperm into an acidic environment is pretty helpful, you'd kill off the |
|
| 72:14 | and voila, we have a problem the point of reproductive or population is |
|
| 72:20 | success. If you're killing off all male oath are male germ cells. |
|
| 72:24 | kind of counter manning what you're trying accomplish. So the first thing that |
|
| 72:30 | does is it creates an environment that beneficial for the survival of the |
|
| 72:36 | Right. Who? Okay good sperm been delivered. Problem though is we're |
|
| 72:41 | talking about that rare faction and compression . Population pressing down, putting |
|
| 72:47 | pressing down, putting out so on so forth. Ejaculation occurs in the |
|
| 72:51 | . Now, penises withdrawn and when was withdrawn you're getting that rare faction |
|
| 72:57 | and basically you're creating a sucking motion is pulling all this sperm in the |
|
| 73:03 | out. Well that's not very helpful now. Sure you can leave a |
|
| 73:09 | behind. But remember we're starting with 200-500 million, we're gonna see how |
|
| 73:13 | it is to have those 200-500 Right? So pulling out all that |
|
| 73:19 | not beneficial. Uh huh. Well have this agent called semi Magellan. |
|
| 73:24 | what Simone Engelen is basically fiber in basically what it does is it takes |
|
| 73:29 | ejaculate in the moment it is That stuff starts coagulating sperm are stuck |
|
| 73:36 | the walls of the vagina. Now sperm still leave as a result of |
|
| 73:41 | with withdrawal? Yes, but not much as it would have had you |
|
| 73:46 | done that. But we've created a . We may have been spiderman. |
|
| 73:51 | captured the villains. No one laughed that one. Think about it for |
|
| 73:59 | little bit. Alright, sperm are on the walls of vagina. |
|
| 74:05 | But can they go anywhere? Now getting he's like oh Spider man. |
|
| 74:12 | funny. All right. They can't anywhere. Again problematic. We're not |
|
| 74:18 | the oth side. We've got to to the other side. So what |
|
| 74:20 | we have to do? We need have a liquid factor that comes |
|
| 74:23 | It breaks down the seminar Jelen. right, basically it's plasma and |
|
| 74:29 | and now the sperm are free and they start waking up and they start |
|
| 74:32 | all right because there's other factors that time to start moving and we start |
|
| 74:38 | and that's what they do is they moving around but we need a little |
|
| 74:43 | of help. Alright vagina is about long. 6 - 8" long. |
|
| 74:51 | About another 4" long. The over about another 4 - 6" long. |
|
| 74:56 | right. That's a long way to when you're microscopic There's a there's a |
|
| 75:02 | or a woman named Laurie Anderson, a performance artist. She had a |
|
| 75:06 | called Mach 20. You can look up on YouTube and it's a song |
|
| 75:09 | what would happen if sperm were the of a sperm whale. It basically |
|
| 75:15 | 20 minutes to get from the Pacific to coastal waters of Japan. I |
|
| 75:20 | it was like eight minutes. I remember the exact number. You go |
|
| 75:22 | it up. That's some pretty serious . But we want a little bit |
|
| 75:26 | help And this is where the prostaglandins because prostaglandins are smooth muscle stimulants. |
|
| 75:31 | stimulate the smooth muscles to create And so they begin acting on the |
|
| 75:35 | of the vagina. They begin acting the walls of the of the of |
|
| 75:40 | over docks And on the why am blanking on the name of womb? |
|
| 75:44 | on, wake up. Uterus. your wreath are just stuck. And |
|
| 75:49 | you get a word stuck, you're . Right? So the uterus and |
|
| 75:53 | are reverse peristaltic reaction or contractions. what happens is now the female reproductive |
|
| 75:59 | is saying bring the sperm to the . All right. And then all |
|
| 76:09 | ladies, you know this about Our guys Grossly icky. We are |
|
| 76:15 | . Let's face it, if we if we didn't have to shower, |
|
| 76:17 | wouldn't we wouldn't mean on occasion, know? But for the most |
|
| 76:23 | you know, we're pretty happy is you know, being gross. Life's |
|
| 76:28 | . You know? And of course gross and disgusting. People. We |
|
| 76:32 | with us bacteria in our bodies. those bacteria are coming along for the |
|
| 76:37 | and they're going to be deposit along the sperm after population and they're in |
|
| 76:42 | environment that has been neutralized and all a sudden now they're like this is |
|
| 76:48 | of cool in here. Well actually kind of warm. And look there's |
|
| 76:53 | everywhere. And so bacteria begin to and multiply and how does that do |
|
| 76:59 | regard to female health? You want swarming around inside your body. She's |
|
| 77:07 | uh you know. Yeah, I see you're all you're all starting to |
|
| 77:10 | this. And I was like uh , we got you covered. You |
|
| 77:14 | need roses. You don't need What you got here is materials, |
|
| 77:22 | anti bacterials that are there first. , first off to kill off any |
|
| 77:27 | response to make our sperm survive? don't want to kill off those could |
|
| 77:30 | bad. But then what we do we'll just because we're bad and |
|
| 77:33 | We're also gonna provide bacterial seidel elements are going to kill off the things |
|
| 77:37 | come along for the ride. So is ejaculate? What is semen? |
|
| 77:42 | , it's the cells plus all these that lead to reproductive success. And |
|
| 77:48 | it's fun to give the story, you guys cringe a little bit. |
|
| 77:51 | kind of paints a picture that's a bit broader than what you thought, |
|
| 77:55 | ? Not just a fluid to help the sperm to where it needs to |
|
| 77:58 | . It solves and creates problems. are about 150 agents that we've actually |
|
| 78:04 | in semen alone that play these I can pause there. I |
|
| 78:16 | I've got three slides. Well, , no, I'm sorry. I |
|
| 78:20 | . You want to go to Let's just get it over with, |
|
| 78:22 | ? How do we regulate this It's real simple hypothalamus gonadotropin releasing hormone |
|
| 78:29 | on pituitary. LH, FSH FSH sitoli cells it produced does a whole |
|
| 78:34 | of different things. Superman agents as the key thing also produces engine binding |
|
| 78:39 | of buying testosterone to keep it in testes. But the hormone it produces |
|
| 78:43 | inhibit acts in a negative fashion to FSH LH acts on the latex |
|
| 78:48 | Latex cells produce androgens. Androgens acts certain cells to help promote superman to |
|
| 78:53 | . All right, So what are androgens is testosterone? They could be |
|
| 78:57 | into estrogen, but they also serve a negative feedback back to the anterior |
|
| 79:01 | for LH Also negative feedback up to hypothalamus. What does testosterone do? |
|
| 79:07 | are my favorite slides? Well, not really my favorite slides with their |
|
| 79:09 | . Alright, so before you're born , reproductive tract, external genitalia. |
|
| 79:14 | testosterone. You're not going to get development of the gun ads. You're |
|
| 79:20 | going to get mail development of the . Alright. Or the scrotum. |
|
| 79:26 | going to develop down the female All right, promotes descent to the |
|
| 79:31 | into the scrotum. Basically the test developed where the ovaries are and then |
|
| 79:35 | move downward after you're born. Growth reproductive system at puberty plays an important |
|
| 79:42 | in the pathogenesis, I just said to maintain the reproductive tract during |
|
| 79:46 | So, when you lose testosterone, , that's when you start going through |
|
| 79:49 | reverse and uh andro genesis really, the male climate. Climactic. |
|
| 79:57 | basically it's response for the secondary sexual . We already talked about the |
|
| 80:02 | right? So there's your carrot right . Male patterns of hair growth, |
|
| 80:07 | of voice with the barry white voice the high pitched squealing of a little |
|
| 80:10 | . Um, so those are the things in terms of reproductive related, |
|
| 80:15 | sex drive at puberty and sustains I'm telling you, that's 100% |
|
| 80:21 | It's like guys, it's just like that's we're done right. Once, |
|
| 80:26 | we, once we realize there's an sex, that's all we think about |
|
| 80:30 | don't let any of these guys pretend . All right. Non reproductive anabolic |
|
| 80:38 | promotes bone growth and it can be into estrogen. Many of the ways |
|
| 80:42 | testosterone works is through a conversion first estrogen in the tissue that's going to |
|
| 80:47 | and then access through the estrogen All right. So I painted a |
|
| 80:53 | here of male. What males We make sperm and deliver sperm when |
|
| 81:00 | come back after you fill yourself up tofurkey or productions or whatever it is |
|
| 81:05 | you're going to eat just regular you know, come back, we'll |
|
| 81:09 | with female reproduction and then you guys tell me whether I'm right or I'm |
|
| 81:13 | and I'm happy to entertain the idea I'm wrong. All right. Happy |
|
| 81:18 | entertain that. |
|
