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BIOL 3324 Human Physiology - Lecture00_How to Study (SP21)
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00:01 So every semester I'd like to begin the class with a brief lecture on
00:09 to study, prepare for exams. that's really what this lecture is.
00:14 really, the reason I do this not because I think I'm some sort
00:17 egghead or superior guy that knows the ways to study. I mean,
00:22 spent a lot of time doing so I do know how to do
00:27 , and I do know how to for exams. But really, the
00:30 I do this is because I used spend about 90% of my time in
00:34 hours and speaking with students on this . And so really, what I
00:39 is I decided that it would be if I actually put this at the
00:43 to go to save all of you time and heartache and misery so that
00:47 could be successful in what you're And this is not a how to
00:52 for human fizz. This is not how to prepare for my class.
00:57 is a general. If you wanna how toe learn information and prepare for
01:02 to demonstrate that you've learned stuff, were the things that you do in
01:06 to be successful, all right, there's no secrets here. This is
01:11 from like I said, from years years of observation, own practice,
01:16 other people and kind of putting it together so that it's something that's workable
01:21 usable for all of us. And what it boils down to and this
01:26 be a shock to anyone is that need to be a good time
01:29 And what I mean by that it's only knowing when to study, you
01:35 , and where to study, but you know where to put your
01:40 Okay, so you know, when say that what I mean is,
01:44 that very often what we do when study is way tend to procrastinate.
01:48 till last minute. We study the stuff because it's easier. We don't
01:53 focus in on what is it that trying toe learn and then making the
01:58 to actually learn it. Okay, that's really what what I'm describing?
02:02 want to say time manager time But there are some aspects of it
02:07 literally do mean you need to know exactly to study. And I love
02:11 this this particular graph that we're looking here, this is called, um
02:18 Ebbing House. I almost forgot the Thea Ebbing House forgetting curve. And
02:22 that's why it's kind of funny that almost forgot. It's ebbing house,
02:25 curve, and in essence, and is these are made up numbers.
02:29 air, not actual data points there kind of made up and really what
02:33 says. It says, Look, given a Siris of facts and so
02:37 . Once you've been given 100% of , how long does it take before
02:41 forget that information? And it Look, in 20 minutes, you
02:45 only retaining about 60% of the In two days, you're down to
02:50 28% of the information, and almost month you're only down to about 21%
02:56 the information. And keep in this is probably done before the days
03:01 the Internet, where you don't even to think about stuff. So,
03:05 example, I used talk to my and he could remember everybody's phone
03:10 I mean, he could you could him a Siris of nine digits.
03:13 he could He could spout them off days later if he needed thio.
03:19 just ability to hold on to that . But really, what, this
03:24 kind of showing you is what happens you come to class. You come
03:27 class, you listen. You're very about learning the information. After about
03:31 hour and a half of sitting your brain's been kind of numbed,
03:34 you you are able to pick up of the information. But as you
03:37 about your day and doing other stuff quickly, you forget stuff literally.
03:42 20 minutes, you've already forgot 40% the information. And so what?
03:48 order to to remember information, the thing to do is interrupt this process
03:54 forgetting, right? And so the here is in order to do
04:00 I need to be I'd need to intervention and so much of how this
04:05 is a design is around that So you'll notice that I said,
04:11 before class, what I want you do. I want you to read
04:13 book, right? I want you read the book because it's going to
04:18 you for coming into class and learning very specific things. In essence,
04:22 I'm saying is, I want you be exposed to material multiple times over
04:26 course of a couple of days for to increase the probability of you holding
04:30 to the information. This is what referred to as the spacing effect,
04:34 ? This idea that here you can , I have first learned the
04:38 But there's my degradation. It's actually rapid in the early stages. But
04:43 I'm able to disrupt and bring myself up, in other words, I'm
04:47 to study and bring myself up The rate of decay slows down.
04:54 right, So if you can't see look at the slope here versus the
04:58 . They're very different slopes. And over time, that slope decreases in
05:03 decreases with each time that you review material. So what we want to
05:08 is when we're exposed to information, want to do it in bursts before
05:13 get to the point where we've for stuff. Now think about that,
05:17 ? I mean, your first exam from the orientation is roughly six lectures
05:23 almost a month away, all or a little bit over a month
05:28 . So what happens is that the learned on the first day you're down
05:31 21%. Information over the over the class is very close to that.
05:38 and so on and so on and on. Well, obviously, the
05:40 you get to the exam right where two days away, where you are
05:46 information, you still for gotten 30% the information. So what you want
05:51 do is you want to interfere with and study a little bit each day
05:56 that you can destroy that curve so you retain more information. Put another
06:03 is if you wait till the last to study, you have to teach
06:09 from that first lecture. 80% of material that you have that you've been
06:14 to already once. That's a lot time and effort wasted. It's almost
06:19 good is just not going to class then teaching yourself hopefully to learn the
06:24 , and it doesn't work. All . So instead If you could interrupt
06:29 process over and over and over you will have less information that you
06:35 to learn. So I'm just gonna this as an example. You'll have
06:39 teach yourself of that. But then next time it'll only be about that
06:42 the next time it'll be about that so on and so forth over
06:46 So the recommendation is is first you the book before you come to
06:51 You come listen, lecture. And afterwards, you take those notes that
06:55 taken in class and you review them them, setting them up in such
07:01 way that you can better understand that . In other words, take those
07:07 some odd slides that you've been scribbling for class and turn them or convince
07:13 into two or three pages of If you do that, you are
07:17 not only the material that you're studying the exam, but you're also studying
07:21 the exam long before you're even getting to it. And this will help
07:26 to perform better. So that's kind the first step is being that time
07:31 . Now, The other thing is don't want to do two things that
07:34 love to do, which is either or over study over. Studying means
07:37 spending extra time looking at the same , even though I've learned it.
07:42 understanding is obviously I've missed the material I think is important or significant and
07:48 doing something else, right? In words, I have done something
07:51 and so I'm not studying what is . So the key thing here is
07:55 figure out what's actually important. What I trying toe learn and what am
08:00 trying to learn about it? And you get that figured out first,
08:04 specifically studying becomes even more easy. helps you understand what it is you're
08:09 to accomplish, so to put it a kind of a big perspective,
08:14 is what it looks like, You come to class or skin before
08:18 , you read, you take some . You don't always have to take
08:20 , but maybe you might highlight in book or underlying a little bit.
08:23 you scribble off in the margins or , something like that. And then
08:26 there's anything you don't really understand, gonna bring that to class and ask
08:31 . Your job here is to identify key points and pick up any kind
08:36 really important stuff that you should be up on before you come to
08:40 Then you come to class and you questions, right? I mean,
08:43 I've got questions, I could do . If I'm talking in class and
08:48 comes up and you don't understand if ask questions right, you take any
08:53 that you need to what you already . So that's not anything new.
08:57 you also participate. When I, a professor, asked the question.
09:01 if it's not the right answer, to put out the answer. You
09:04 , try to try to think what answer is going to be using whatever
09:09 that you have to kind of discern the correct answer is. It will
09:13 you when you're participating toe learn In other words, you put this
09:18 it's easier to learn a sport when actually playing it than watching it all
09:23 , and it's kind of the same . It's easier to learn a subject
09:26 you're participating in it as opposed to being on the side and then right
09:32 class, First chance you get. if you have another class right after
09:35 , you wait until the next free you get. But if you
09:39 if you have free time, what should do is you should go sit
09:42 even though your little tired you You're tired of dealing with this subject
09:45 . Go back and rewrite your You're right. You're making your prep
09:49 for the exam. And so what doing is you're summarizing what's important,
09:53 organizing the information so it's clear to , right? And if you have
09:57 questions, for example, maybe what do is you do practice questions now
10:02 the human fist class. You don't practice questions, but like in my
10:06 class, you do have practice So that's what I would say is
10:10 you decide which way to go you know, whatever you need to
10:14 , whatever is there now when you're your notes. What you're trying to
10:20 is you're really trying to organize an what it is that you're trying to
10:25 . So that's what creating your own , art. And what I mean
10:28 that is when you study, for example, slides. What you're
10:31 is you're studying slides of the right? You're you're studying the notes
10:36 someone else created. And that's not because you don't understand why those notes
10:40 there. So right in your own helps you to better understand what it
10:44 that you're trying to learn. And , in doing that, what you
10:47 be doing is you should be asking a couple of questions, which are
10:51 straightforward. All right, what is ? I'm trying to learn. That's
10:55 should be, Ah, question. ask every day when you walk into
10:58 class. What is it This professor trying to teach me today, All
11:03 . And then you should be able come with an answer. And if
11:04 don't have an answer on one or things happen. Either you weren't paying
11:09 . All right? Which is a , or the professor didn't do a
11:12 job of teaching whatever it is that trying to teach you, Which is
11:15 possibility, though. Don't be surprised that happens, because there are some
11:19 professors out there. All right, when you're reading, for example,
11:24 saying Okay, what is the goal this assigned reading? What's it trying
11:28 teach me? What am I trying learn? And then you can take
11:32 topic and you could break it down sub topics. In other words,
11:36 this is the big picture, what the items that I'm trying to learn
11:39 helps to support that bigger picture? right, so that's that's kind of
11:44 two levels. And then the the fax These are the things that
11:48 not gonna memorize from a reading. what you're gonna pick up when you
11:52 when you're studying your notes are actually your notes. These are the facts
11:56 you're trying to learn. So what you're doing is you're basically undergirding
12:01 main topic with a bunch of sub which have a Siris of fax that
12:12 mhm terrible that I drew it that . All right, Now, the
12:18 is, most of you study the opposite. All right? What you
12:23 is you learn a syriza fax, don't see how they're related, and
12:30 hope that they'll show up on the . And so what you're doing is
12:34 going, Oh, wow. I realize that all of this information is
12:39 to a sub topic which is connected a topic. So, really,
12:43 we're doing is we're flipping everything upside we're looking at What's the big
12:49 What is the sub topics where the . And so all of a sudden
12:53 you can now see the relationship between fax from over here and the fax
12:56 there because they're related via this one topic. All right, now,
13:02 you're reading, it's pretty easy where information comes from. All right,
13:08 you're reading a textbook and you see bold, and that's kind of usually
13:11 a fact. That's something that you should know, you know. And
13:15 kind of the easy mode, that shoes. But for us, you
13:21 , when we're looking at sub you need to be looking in that
13:25 physiology textbook, and you can see you have, like, these master
13:29 and then subheadings and then sub sub that blue text that's that's found in
13:35 in the medical physiology textbooks those air the the sub topics thes air,
13:41 concepts that have all the facts that them. And so when you read
13:46 paragraphs underlining the blue text, you're looking at that. The facts that
13:53 that statement true. Whatever the blue happens to be now another textbook,
13:57 you might see is you might see main heading and then a subheading and
14:01 a sub sub heading. And that's the same way. It's just different
14:05 Present is differently. Sometimes they have numeral. Sometimes they may be,
14:10 , digits, you know, like point 111 so on and so forth
14:15 just kind of shows you how to in the material them. So what
14:19 want to do is you want to this material into a series of important
14:24 . All right, so if you're a specific topic, you'd say
14:29 today I'm learning about blank. the things that make blank true would
14:34 a B and C and D. , those would be your sub
14:38 And then what makes a true that would be this fact. That
14:43 the other facts on and so and you just kind of repeat that
14:46 . And so that's kind of how convincing the material you're taking out the
14:50 , the stuff that doesn't answer the . What is X? What is
14:54 is the big picture now? One the things that's going to speed this
14:59 up for you is making sure everything in your own words. You're you're
15:05 to communicate to yourself and remind yourself this information is. That means draw
15:10 . If you're not an artist, okay. You don't need to be
15:13 artist, all right? You're just to do a physical representation of whatever
15:18 is that you're looking. Make use abbreviations. Abbreviations are huge.
15:23 . It helps you now speed up process. So you're not working too
15:27 . Ladies, I know this is true for you. Well, maybe
15:31 true for you. Many of you to do notes in multiple colors,
15:34 less so. But I do know that do that, that slows you
15:38 , and there's nothing wrong with It's a good way of organization that
15:41 you a visual context for what it that you're looking at. But if
15:44 trying to speed through and organize the last thing you wanna do is
15:49 yourself down. I'm not telling you stop. I'm just saying, if
15:52 feels like you're spending four hours maybe you want to get rid of
15:55 couple of colors. All right. , in our case, in our
15:59 class, each of our reading assignments about 10 topics. Each of them
16:03 ranging from 5 to 10 sub All right, so the idea here
16:09 you're you're kind of giving this broad . And these these broader views ultimately
16:14 your learning objectives for the course. so, you know, you can
16:18 at those listings without, you if you just look at the outline
16:21 gave you for your reading it so can say, Oh, wow,
16:24 were the things I've got to And that's the stuff that you're gonna
16:27 asked on on the exam. if you don't have something that's simple
16:32 , what are you trying to Well, just ask question. What
16:35 it? I'm trying to learn in class we're learning physiology and another class
16:39 teaches anatomy and physiology. And these things. They're kind of related
16:42 deals with structures, physiology, deals function. And so when you're dealing
16:47 structure and function, you're basically What are the structures and what do
16:50 do or how do they do Those are the two things that you're
16:55 looking at. So if you're ever going all right, I'm not sure
16:58 it is I'm looking for as whether I'm looking at, What do they
17:01 and how did they do it? if you can answer those questions and
17:04 working down the right path now, are a lot of structure,
17:15 There's a lot of stuff that we're be covered. So when you're talking
17:19 a single class you're asking the question All right, so what is it
17:23 I have to learn today? All . And so usually what's gonna happen
17:27 that a professor, a good professor the beginning of class, is gonna
17:30 , um, today we're gonna talk X, and so that's really kind
17:33 that big picture topic. And then that, that's all the detail that
17:38 talked about in class, and there's about eight or 12 per lecture.
17:42 really the sub topics under that bigger . All right, so if we're
17:48 at the properties of the cell, might say Okay, today we're gonna
17:52 about sell. All right, there's my topic. So at the
17:54 of the class, you should ask , What was that I learned
17:57 I learned about the cell, and the next question is, Well,
18:01 about the cell that I learned? then these air, the 12 or
18:04 things or 10 things, whatever it things that I learned about to
18:07 Well, those are your sub And then so what? Fax.
18:10 this true? Well, those are That's the fax, the descriptive that
18:15 that one thing unique. What's the that makes the mitochondria unique from India
18:20 particularly, for example, that are descriptive? Because if you can't identify
18:26 , there's no reason why those two are different, and that's what you're
18:31 for. So what are some of things that you do? And while
18:36 taking these notes while you're trying toe through and figure out what's important and
18:41 not important. Well, first don't rewrite everything you see from the
18:46 . Alright? You already have a . You don't need to rewrite
18:48 So what you're looking for is you're to extract information from it. I
18:53 , it's kind of like this highlighting we see right here, right?
18:56 mean, we've done that before. would you highlight every single solitary thing
19:01 not highlighting? This is coloring, ? The idea here is to extract
19:05 is important. All right, so you can identify the important information that
19:11 you to understand the topic that you working on thing, you're doing the
19:14 stuff. So what you're really doing is your condensing the information down.
19:19 other words, you're distilling out the stuff and holding on to that.
19:25 you're getting rid of the flux, extra words that aren't necessary to understand
19:30 material. The second thing that you to do is you want to make
19:33 that you're not writing everything verbatim. , what you're doing is you're writing
19:39 your own words and language. So idea here is when you're writing
19:43 you're really trying to remind yourself what is that you're trying toe learn.
19:48 right, so you're taking notes for so that you can better understand what
19:53 is that you're trying to learn. I mean, think of examples you're
19:57 hear me when I lecture. I lots and lots of real world examples
20:01 help it. The the stuff that looking at make more sense.
20:05 It's easy to understand the cardiovascular system how blood moves through a blood
20:08 When you can think of cars moving a highway, Alright, it's harder
20:12 sit there and try to explain you dynamics, talking about specifically blood that
20:17 probably never watched move through your blood all right and again, I would
20:22 recommend using abbreviations and any sort of that can help. You better understand
20:28 it is that you're looking at, that's what we see in these two
20:34 . The second thing is, you want to become focused, all
20:39 And when I say focused, I , I don't mean, like,
20:42 where all you're doing is working I mean, I'm talking about using
20:46 time in a I mean in a manner, so that you can then
20:50 your time for your own pleasure, know, for for your own
20:54 All right. And so the example like to use is think about when
20:58 study for an exam, right? mean, and tell me if this
21:01 like you don't have to tell but does this sound like something you've
21:04 ? You sat down to your Every intention of studying. You got
21:07 notes at your books. Out. out, and then you start studying
21:10 about five minutes into it. You're , man, I cannot study that
21:14 . It's such a mess. I got to go get that thing
21:18 So you go in there and you on it, and it takes you
21:20 an hour to get your I you're literally cleaning it so well.
21:23 like, behind the toilet with a type stuff. And after you've done
21:27 , you're like, man, you , now they're clean the bathroom,
21:30 kitchen. It needs some cleaning as . So you go in the kitchenette
21:34 the kitchen. You clean in there then afterwards you're like, Wow,
21:37 know, now I'm feel they need go shower. So you shower and
21:40 it's like, Well, I'm If I need to have food in
21:42 to think so, you're gonna make a little bit of food. Then
21:45 clean up the kitchen again, you down at the table, you start
21:48 , and then after about five or minutes, you get on on Twitter
21:52 Snapchat or whatever your social media choices , you type in, man,
21:56 so tired. I've been studying for or four hours and you haven't.
22:00 mean, you've basically done nothing. done 10 minutes of studying total,
22:04 know. And if you wanted to that way, why don't you just
22:08 ahead and study for 10 minutes and go out and have fun? You
22:11 , failing the exam and the excuse failing examines I was too busy cleaning
22:15 bathroom is not a good story. mean, a better story is,
22:19 know, me and my buddies went Mexico, and all I did was
22:21 for the exam, you know, minutes before, right when I was
22:25 in after being out all night. a better story, you know?
22:29 so you want to if you're going study, set boundaries and set up
22:34 you're going to do it. So am going to study for 30 minutes
22:38 you study for 30 minutes, and now I'm gonna play for 30
22:41 and then you go play for 30 . In doing that, it allows
22:45 to get things done in a very manner, All right? And so
22:49 , if you use your time you know, and remain focused,
22:54 can get things accomplished, and you do things that are more fun.
22:59 , this is what we did when was in college. What you do
23:02 fun is something entirely different. And know that. So whatever those pictures
23:07 like for you, that's what you're for. Come to classic and ask
23:14 . All right. You're taking this because you do not know the material
23:20 . Alright. You might know a bit here and there, but you
23:22 really know what's going on. So you come across something that you don't
23:27 , don't sit there and go I must have missed it. I
23:30 know what this is. So maybe wasn't paying attention. Ask the
23:34 There is no such thing as a question, except for one where if
23:38 someone asked a question and you talk their answer and you're not paying
23:43 you ask the exact same question right three answers. Given that's the only
23:47 . It's a dumb question because it's you weren't paying attention on that did
23:50 in one of my classes before. , so what I would recommend
23:55 you know, is come to ask questions. There are other people
23:58 don't get it. So if you the question, you get to be
24:01 hero, everyone's gonna look at you go, Wow, great question.
24:04 for and getting that answer. And you don't, if you're reading or
24:08 studying, you don't know something. can email me right if you can't
24:13 it out as somebody in the And if that doesn't work in the
24:17 , doesn't help you. The notes help you email me. I usually
24:21 within a very short period of time getting the email I don't answer emails
24:25 hours, meaning I keep business hours the class. So if you email
24:28 after five, I'm not going to until the next day, you
24:32 So if you're really desperate, you're have to kind of wait.
24:36 you know, if there's something that's , really complex, I can't answer
24:39 email. I'll take come into my hours or even then you should come
24:43 office hours and ask questions. I'm going to sit and go. That's
24:47 . Why are you asking that dumb , you dummy, because you're in
24:50 class because you don't know the stuff . That's what I want you to
24:54 . Is no the stuff so ask you don't know. So after
25:00 and you could see what I've done . Now I've gone from before class
25:02 class. Now we're back after and so after class you've been paying
25:07 . You've been taking notes and and what you should do is you
25:09 take those notes that you've been working , and you should convince them down
25:16 something that's manageable. Take the 30 odd slides, convert them into 2
25:23 3 pages of notes. All right , the purpose of this is that
25:30 process that I've already talked about. basically interrupt forgetting process, but it's
25:36 there to help you, um, create the notes that you're gonna need
25:41 study for the exam. Right? the idea here is instead of reading
25:46 slides or however many there is gonna for the exam you're working with,
25:52 know, somewhere in the neighborhood of to 12 pages of notes, exact
25:56 information. But psychologically it's so much because it's already organized. It's something
26:01 easy to manage for you, all . And so that's really the idea
26:07 . Now, I've already said The longer you wait to do something
26:09 you're gonna retain. So if you this right after class, first chance
26:14 get right after class that's going to you go through this process of review
26:20 . Stop the process of forgetting and gonna help you as you're preparing the
26:26 or not. Only preparing retails for , but while you study later,
26:31 that leads us to that. This his last little bit. Here's how
26:34 I study for an exam. first off, you need to plan
26:38 . All right. If you have exam that six lectures away, you
26:41 to think Alright. How much time I need in order to prepare myself
26:46 this exam? Alright, so if three days before, that's fine.
26:50 it's four days before, if it's days, whatever it is, you
26:53 to figure it out. Each person going to be different. You know
26:56 not bad to you study groups, recognize that there's a flaw in study
27:00 . Smart people. You study groups build up, identify themselves to make
27:04 feel smarter and to help them feel . People who aren't doing well in
27:09 class tend to be quiet and try listen. They tend to sufferance in
27:13 study groups. So ideally, what wanna do is you wanna move away
27:17 a study group if it's not been you. Alright, Onley, you
27:21 groups if it benefits you And if one of those smart people that uses
27:25 study group to make you feel take a seat. You know,
27:29 your lips and listen. Don't answer question every time. Allow someone who
27:33 with it use this time to which will also help you learn.
27:38 right, now I'm gonna say this here so that you can see how
27:44 this is. I'm just gonna circle if you read your notes when you're
27:49 . And this is all you're doing reading your notes over and over and
27:51 again. I can guarantee you're going get a C or worse than this
27:55 or in any class. Alright, your notes is a sure fire method
28:00 failure. Alright. And 90% of I deal with. This is what
28:04 doing. All right? You don't to do this. Alright, So
28:09 Here's a couple of truth about Humans don't like pain, all
28:15 They prefer pleasure. And the other is that we want to feel good
28:22 ourselves. We don't like to feel about ourselves. All right now,
28:26 is true in a lot of but let's look at it in terms
28:29 the classroom, Alright. In terms studying when I study and I come
28:34 something that I don't know, I stupid and so that's painful. And
28:40 I don't like that. So I to avoid things that make me feel
28:45 . Alright, What I like is like to focus some things that make
28:47 feel good, the things they're already . So if I'm studying the things
28:51 already know, it's gonna give me false sense of security in terms of
28:55 I'm gonna want exam. It makes feel like I'm doing something so it's
29:00 it's acting in a positive way, not positively affecting me. And then
29:06 the end, I'm always patting myself the back because I'm feeling good.
29:10 I'm not doing the hard work that need to do. I'm basically providing
29:16 , even though I need to do . All right, so this is
29:20 we don't do well when we So notice here. It's not about
29:23 of time studying. It's how we that becomes important. So the best
29:28 to study is to fight against those that we normally do, which is
29:34 I want to rewrite my notes. right, so let's pretend Remember after
29:40 class you sat down and you wrote notes, and it wrote for each
29:44 it was about two or three Six classes. You're looking at someone
29:47 between 12 and 18 pages of All right, so what I want
29:51 to do with those 12, 18 of notes rather than reading through
29:56 Alright. Getting your c or And I want to take those
29:58 and I want you to turn them down, and I want you to
30:00 them aside away from you. All , Now you produce these notes,
30:04 should know what's in them, all ? What I want to do is
30:07 want you get a blank piece of and I want you to rewrite your
30:10 from scratch from memory. Now, is hard, right? Because all
30:15 a sudden, now you have to the things that you wrote down.
30:19 if you start working through, it's , Okay, let's see that first
30:22 . The first thing I was about cell membrane. Okay, what do
30:25 know about the cell membrane? And start working through and trying to remember
30:28 you wrote down. You just write all along down, okay? What
30:31 the second lecture about what was third . And you just write everything that
30:34 remember now, the first time you this, it's gonna be terrible,
30:39 right? I mean, you might 10% of the information, but what
30:42 gonna do is once you finish writing what you think you know, you're
30:48 take your notes that you wrote your notes, you're gonna turn him over
30:51 you're gonna look at him and you're compare my scratch notes versus my my
30:56 notes. Everything that you wrote down your scratch notes is something that you
31:01 , I should say everything you wrote correctly, something that you know.
31:04 there's your positive reinforcement. There are that I know. Pat yourself on
31:08 back, feel good about yourself. you wrote down wrong is something that
31:12 misunderstood or didn't remember correctly. So scratch through it and you rewrite what
31:19 did. There is your negative right? That's your punishment, all
31:25 . Everything you didn't write down that on your notes is something that you
31:30 remembered and never learned. So once , what do I do? I
31:34 it to remind myself what it was I forgot. Now what are we
31:39 ? We're rewarding ourselves for the things we do know, and we're correcting
31:44 for the things that we don't So after we do that, we
31:48 all those notes that we rewritten. away in the trash, go take
31:52 a 15 minute break, come back do it again and you do it
31:56 and you do it again. You it again. You do it as
31:58 times you need to until you prove yourself that you've learned what's in your
32:04 . Now, while you're doing you're probably talking a little bit to
32:07 . You're explaining to yourself as you along as you're writing this stuff
32:10 because so these are the parts of of the cell, and this is
32:13 the cell does, and that's when membrane is made up of in your
32:16 . You're really kind of walking through explaining yourself, so you're really visualizing
32:21 it is that you're doing. And you're writing it down, you have
32:25 or proof that you did it All right, see if I'm reading
32:29 notes. In fact, if what usually do is, I'll hide the
32:31 for myself. And I'll say out what I what? I think
32:35 And then I look at my note then I'll see that the information is
32:38 . And when I see that the is wrong, I'll just go.
32:41 , maybe next time I'll learn There's no no punishment. There's no
32:45 of producing this, you know, , you know are really to,
32:52 know, go about making a change what you learned. So you don't
32:57 learn anything. You just kind of what you've already done. All
33:02 So what we're trying to do is trying to attack those areas where you're
33:06 weak, which is the things you know. And then that makes
33:11 You should stay. The things you know and just kind of feel good
33:15 stuff you already do now, That's when you've done it. All
33:20 . Once you've proven yourself that you 100% of that information down, you're
33:25 good shape. Yeah, you could this a couple of times. Think
33:29 this. It takes about 5 to times to do this. So let's
33:33 about you. Have an exam on Tuesday as an example. All
33:36 So what you could do is you say. All right, here's my
33:39 on Thursday. I'm rewriting my notes Friday. I'm gonna go ahead and
33:44 how well I've done. So, , walk through this process of
33:47 maybe twice, if I'm really feeling about about it, you know,
33:51 really want to do it. All . That's fine. I don't need
33:53 study on Saturday because, you Saturday might as well have some fun
33:57 . I sit down, do it Monday. I do this three or
34:01 times until I'm comfortable with. And I've proven I'm comfortable with it.
34:06 done. Study. I don't need study any further if I truly freaked
34:10 because I'm have test anxiety. I'll go and do it on Tuesday
34:14 before the class before the exam. of a sudden, now, studying
34:19 taken 24 48. You know, hours worth of your time. It's
34:24 taken a couple of hours of your over a weekend. Starting from a
34:31 , you're all capable of doing All right, You gain, you
34:36 less time studying more time learning, that frees up your time to do
34:40 that you'd rather do when you go to showing the girl doing the
34:44 you know, drinking from the You know, maybe that's not your
34:48 , but you can do what you to do. Maybe it's singing opera
34:51 street corners. I don't know, right. The other thing is,
34:54 allows you. It allows you go bed early on the night before the
34:58 . And when I say early, don't mean like earlier. It just
35:01 , like, treated like a normal . So if you normally go to
35:04 at 11 o'clock, you get to to bed at 11 o'clock. You
35:06 to stay up all night slamming Red praying that the caffeine keeps you going
35:11 through the day through the exam. you take the exam, get a
35:17 breakfast. Give your body some Don't panic. It's just a
35:22 Alright, exams are not judging all right? They're not means of
35:30 what kind of person you are. they do is ask whether or not
35:33 learned this information. If you haven't the information, you're gonna do poor
35:37 the exam. If you learn the , you're gonna do well in the
35:40 . They're not personality tests. All , Make sure you're ready to go
35:44 the test starts. So you if you're taking a test,
35:48 at the testing center in a you get there on time. Be
35:51 ready to go before the class If you're doing it online, you
35:55 sure that everything is set up and to go Take the exam. Once
36:00 done with the exam, put it you go out and celebrate. All
36:05 . You've accomplished something. You finished . So you move forward. You
36:10 move forward. Don't ever just So we're coming down the last little
36:16 here. And so you're gonna be multiple guests exams for us. Your
36:21 plan on going to help in the profession. Now they're gonna change in
36:25 of the nature over time. They do. About every nine or 10
36:28 . Someone comes up with a newfangled that works for about nine or 10
36:32 , and they switched around, but some general rules to this. All
36:35 , so for multiple choice exam what call multiple guess, right, Because
36:40 always start with question number when you your way down through the exam.
36:42 you want to start from the that's fine. But start from one
36:46 and work your way in one all right? And so what you're
36:49 do is you're gonna you're gonna break down and around first round is you're
36:53 answer on Lee the questions that you answer off the top of your These
36:57 what we would call low level In other words, the really the
37:00 knowledge questions. Now, this might you about 15% or 15 minutes out
37:05 exam. It might be half the , all right, in order to
37:09 the grades where we want them in terms of average is think about
37:12 . We have to pass the exam a bunch of easy questions, so
37:17 get tripped up by them. Just through. I'm gonna use an
37:20 and I apologize for this examples of one. But if we're just sitting
37:24 , if this question on the exam the color of the sky is
37:27 You've got to fill in the blank So the first thing that comes to
37:30 mind is blue. It should be , right? And so what you're
37:33 is you're looked through your answers. you see the answer blue, you
37:36 , you move on. If you see the answer blue, you leave
37:38 alone and you skip it. You mark anything else on the exam like
37:42 it's just me. No, just it alone, all right? This
37:45 why it's gonna be very, very . So you just carefully read the
37:49 , Come up with an answer, through the answers. If it's
37:52 you're good. If it's not, it alone. Round two is where
37:56 going to start to think a little . All right? The color of
37:59 sky is blue. You didn't see the first time around. So now
38:01 got to start looking at what those mean in the answer. All
38:05 Maybe it says, um, you , cornflower or, um, it
38:11 say, um, Azul or You know, something that's not just
38:16 blue cerulean there. Ladies, there's word that, you know and all
38:20 guys were sitting on I don't know the hell he is talking about.
38:22 right? All of a sudden, you're like, I'm connecting the
38:25 It's making me think what these words . So these air higher order blooms
38:32 working your way up to see how your knowledge is. All right,
38:37 , answer the ones that you Anything that's not obvious. You skip
38:42 leave alone. All right. if you want to, you can
38:45 answers that you know for sure. true. All right. At this
38:49 , if you can write down on piece of paper, that's fine.
38:51 if you're if you're writing on A a test in person, you know
38:55 can just cross out, so these be it. But don't mark down
39:00 answers. The hardest thing to do talk yourself out an answer that you've
39:04 selected Round three. This is where go to those ones that you've already
39:10 . Incorrect answers. All right, what you're gonna do is okay.
39:13 eliminated this. Eliminated this, So me see what my two choices or
39:16 choices Are I like this? This start working through. So these air
39:22 up into even higher orders the last one and notice. Look at these
39:27 here, We're looking about 15 15 minutes, about 10 minutes,
39:30 know, So we're basically almost done the exam at this point. The
39:34 round of basically making educated guesses. right, very little bit of the
39:39 , maybe one or two questions in . Right? And what they're saying
39:43 Look, can you figure out this based on what you know? So
39:49 it's asking, why do you think color of the sky or why do
39:51 think the grass is green? You , you're sitting there going All
39:55 Well, what is a rational You know, it's not gonna be
39:58 because Martians came down and painted the . You know, that's an obviously
40:03 answer. They were looking for something you learned about so that you can
40:07 that answer. All right. eliminating answers, wrong choices. Wrong
40:13 will always help you increase your So that last little bit. If
40:18 have Thio, you can flip the , right, you know?
40:22 it's either this or that I can the coin. Well, that answer
40:25 right. That looks good. I'm to go. The last thing you
40:28 to do is you need to check examine. This is where most students
40:31 I'm done. I don't want to this. And so here, checking
40:35 exam is pretty basic, right? goal here is not to change answers
40:40 to determine whether you read the question and whether or not you put the
40:45 answer to that question down correctly. , so all you want to do
40:50 you're checking an exam is you want read your question and look at your
40:56 . Don't look at all the Just look at your one answer.
40:58 if your question is correctly answered by answer, then you're good to
41:03 right? In other words, if makes a true statement, then you're
41:07 . But if it doesn't make a statement, you're not trying to convince
41:11 which of the following questions works. this is the goal here. Look
41:17 that question and see if your answer . If it does just move
41:25 Let me just prove this as an . The color of the sky is
41:28 you put the answer blue. that sounds correct. The color of
41:31 sky is red. That makes no . But if you're reading all the
41:36 , the color of the sky is color skies blue, the color skies
41:39 color skies, great color sky is . You can come up with a
41:44 reason why each of those answers are . All right. You might be
41:49 remember, you're studying Ah, whole of information. And the test is
41:52 a fraction of all that information that studied. So you're looking for ways
41:56 get information on to an exam to that you learn the material. So
42:01 let the question an answer trip you . If it pairs correctly, you're
42:06 good shape. All right. That's we're trying to avoid here. So
42:14 my advice to you. All you're you're reading before the class,
42:20 come to class, you take note class, you rewrite your notes and
42:25 yourself. When you're studying for the , you're using those reorganized notes to
42:30 yourself for your knowledge. That's how prepare for an exam. That's how
42:35 learn information. And at this what you're doing is you're learning information
42:39 the information. Don't worry about Grades will sort themselves out. If
42:43 know the information, the grades will follow. You can't fake knowledge.
42:49 right, if you try to take and will eventually catch up with.
42:53 that's what I have free today. was a little bit longer than I
42:56 about 15 minutes, but I hope learned something in all of
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