| 00:06 | Uh Mhm. Ok, folks. welcome to the last day, |
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| 00:23 | 29 days later. Ok. Um so we don't have a whole |
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| 00:31 | left to do. I think we four diseases and then we're done. |
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| 00:35 | So um so uh quiz opens tomorrow , through Monday unit quiz last smart |
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| 00:44 | to do on Monday. Uh So the exam four thing um remote |
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| 00:50 | I'll start sending out that email several between now and next Friday. So |
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| 00:57 | has anybody done the practice test Anybody? Yeah, probably true. |
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| 01:08 | . So did I tell you what error? So it gave you? |
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| 01:18 | . All right. Um If you again and send me a screenshot, |
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| 01:25 | but I'll, I'll go check I'll check it uh when I get |
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| 01:28 | in the office. So that's good know. So, yeah, tell |
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| 01:30 | that if you are experiencing something on end then I can fix it. |
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| 01:36 | . Um ok, so I will that uh evaluation. So remember to |
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| 01:42 | that and uh you've got through I guess 11:59 p.m. Um You |
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| 01:51 | you don't need to notify me because have access to all the information. |
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| 01:55 | , uh, I mean, not to, um, but I |
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| 01:59 | one out. All right, let's . Try it. Oh, that's |
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| 02:09 | loud. Oh, ok. Batteries went out. Ok. |
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| 02:14 | uh, evaluations, remember to fill the evaluations, remember to do the |
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| 02:17 | test. But apparently I got to something on my end because you got |
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| 02:21 | error message or something. So I'll fix that. Ok. So |
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| 02:25 | , lots of emails I'll send out you, inform me of stuff, |
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| 02:30 | , et cetera. Um So just aware of that. Uh What |
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| 02:36 | Um Let's see. OK. So , OK, so remember with |
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| 02:41 | right? So we're gonna cover 23 25 and 26 on this last |
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| 02:47 | Ok. So the 23 through 24 stuff, you know, is a |
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| 02:52 | of um, you know, cell processes, you know, ident, |
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| 02:58 | know, you've, you've taken those quizzes for you because you, so |
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| 03:01 | kind of know the nature of that , what's gonna be asked, |
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| 03:04 | Uh This last bit. Um I've, I've mentioned a number of |
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| 03:09 | already, you know, it's really organizing this information, in my |
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| 03:16 | having it there in front of you either a table or however you want |
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| 03:18 | do it. Uh seems to me be the best way to organize it |
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| 03:23 | um uh what to know right, each of these things. And um |
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| 03:29 | know, again, a table with columns. I even added a new |
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| 03:33 | here reservoir. Uh You can probably of another one. So again, |
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| 03:37 | , just a way to organize this and it's kind of, it's gonna |
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| 03:40 | a lot of memorization uh this disease stuff, but you'll, you'll get |
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| 03:45 | feel for it. Uh on, the chapter 26 questions on the quiz |
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| 03:51 | up starting tomorrow. So you get the quicker questions we done. I |
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| 03:55 | have like five questions at the end will kind of give you here's kind |
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| 04:01 | how, how to know this OK? Or what to know. |
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| 04:05 | So uh let's any questions, OK. So, um let's start |
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| 04:14 | . Oh, I forgot about this . All right. So I showed |
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| 04:16 | on day one. All right. this is kind of the Christmas |
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| 04:19 | OK. This rings a bell to . OK. OK. I got |
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| 04:24 | , I got this beard now. it's not maybe quite the same if |
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| 04:27 | do this, maybe take the glasses and do this. And uh |
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| 04:33 | so um OK, quick question. I look at this, I looked |
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| 04:40 | up myself before class just to see I always throw out some numbers and |
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| 04:44 | not sure if they're always completely So I actually looked it up and |
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| 04:48 | listed below are the average number of reported in the US for those four |
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| 04:55 | . So, they're all represented but one is Tetanus? Among ABC and |
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| 05:00 | ? Ok. Um, you're not you can always Google it yourself. |
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| 05:05 | right. That's what I did. . Um, oh, ok. |
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| 05:39 | down 21. Ok. So, he did Google it, obviously. |
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| 05:53 | . Yeah. 30. Yeah, . So the order is like |
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| 05:57 | who, what's the lowest, what's to 3? I mean, I |
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| 06:02 | which one rabies actually rabies? I was surprised by that too, |
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| 06:06 | know, a number of humans, rabies, right? Um Here's the |
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| 06:13 | . OK. So botch them is lot more than I thought it |
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| 06:16 | OK. The stereos, I knew number of rabies I thought would be |
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| 06:21 | . But um it says um so rabies about 5000 animal, so 5000 |
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| 06:30 | rabies cases, but really only 1 3 human rabies cases reported each |
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| 06:35 | The most was, well, five were reported in 2021 which was |
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| 06:40 | highest in the last decade. Um let's see. Tetanus 30 botulism interesting |
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| 06:49 | . So this goes to show you some of these statistics can be specific |
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| 06:55 | certain, you know, cultural so to speak. OK. So |
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| 07:01 | foodborne botulism is a distinctive public health among the Alaska native population. Um |
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| 07:08 | associated with improper preparation of storage of Alaskan native foods and which I don't |
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| 07:14 | what those are, but I'm sure some kind of seafood. A good |
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| 07:17 | . But um so a higher instance among that group for that reason. |
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| 07:23 | . Um Anyway, so Tetanus is , our first thing with Tetanus |
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| 07:28 | Listeria and rabies. OK. Um uh well bots actually first. So |
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| 07:35 | , this guy, this is a painting actually um from like the |
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| 07:39 | this is a, he was a in Napoleon's army. OK. You |
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| 07:44 | who Napoleon is, you can watch movie that's out now with Joaquin |
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| 07:47 | Ok. Um, and, he is obviously suffering, ok. |
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| 07:55 | these are symptoms of uh spasmodic ok? That you get with |
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| 08:02 | Uh, you see the clenched the jaw is completely locked up, |
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| 08:07 | , toes curling and the contractions can so forceful that it can actually break |
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| 08:12 | spine in some cases. So, , acquired not uncommon for soldiers, |
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| 08:18 | of course, was a lot Well, that's not really true. |
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| 08:22 | was gonna say more wars going on that's why that's not true. |
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| 08:25 | um, but, but caring for wounds, right? So tetanus gangrene |
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| 08:32 | acquire through, you know, basically contaminated wounds, you know, which |
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| 08:36 | course soldiers would get obviously. And , uh, a higher rate |
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| 08:40 | you know, gangrene, tetanus, , other, you know, post |
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| 08:45 | infection type stuff. So anyway, with, uh, so we buy |
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| 08:49 | and Tetanus. So they're both they're both the same that they're |
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| 08:54 | Ok? They affect uh nerve They, um, they, um |
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| 09:01 | they carry out their and both the from both of these results from the |
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| 09:06 | thing, but it just occurs in different ways because of the way the |
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| 09:10 | acts on the muscles, right? it's all about affecting um muscles and |
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| 09:15 | neurons that those connections. OK. so the uh the botulism, |
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| 09:23 | So botulism is gonna be a foodborne . Tetanus is um acquired through a |
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| 09:30 | the soil. Well, and I concentrate while you're chattering. OK. |
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| 09:37 | the soil uh comes from the So both soil organisms, OK. |
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| 09:42 | the um uh tetanus will come from wound, right? Contaminate typically through |
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| 09:48 | puncture, wound, uh soil contamination very common. Um And in |
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| 09:55 | it's through food typically. And so improperly canned foods, um food |
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| 10:01 | you know, I do a pretty job obviously of keeping us under |
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| 10:04 | But as mentioned in that example, these Alaskan group that um that uh |
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| 10:12 | uh that group, it's tradition to properly store and can their foods |
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| 10:17 | then if it's not done properly, you can get instances of botulism. |
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| 10:22 | ? Um The uh so in the part of the 20th century here in |
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| 10:29 | States was more common to get bots people did that was a thing especially |
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| 10:34 | rural communities to bottle canned foods and forth and you do it using a |
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| 10:39 | cooker. Um And, but if don't do it right? They're not |
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| 10:44 | cla because remember these are both endospore , right? That group of very |
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| 10:49 | endos spores. And so you can that in these clubs shaped forms |
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| 10:53 | right? That's the endospore. So already aware of those. Ok. |
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| 10:58 | so um so you don't, you auto cate properly, which is basically |
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| 11:01 | a pressure cooker is, then they grow in the food and uh it |
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| 11:07 | an anaerobic, there's an anaerobic environment there. Uh they grow which so |
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| 11:11 | anaerobes, right? So cluster is . So they'll grow in that |
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| 11:15 | they can produce gasses, right? if you see a a can on |
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| 11:18 | grocery shelf that's kind of bulging, likely could be this thing that's grown |
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| 11:22 | there. OK. Improves gas and the can to bulge. Uh but |
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| 11:26 | you ingest the contaminated food and of , you come down with boxes. |
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| 11:31 | . So again, it's all about between motor neurons and, and |
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| 11:37 | OK. And so this toxin is that interferes with the acetylcholine. |
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| 11:43 | so you can remember um you know muscle contraction events, right? So |
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| 11:49 | got uh a motor neuron that's OK. And then that will um |
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| 11:56 | an action potential down the axon. ? And then the signal will release |
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| 12:04 | that are in these vesicles at the termini and then those chemicals will then |
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| 12:11 | the muscle it's communicating with and then the action potential to it causing it |
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| 12:17 | be stimulated and causing contraction. So what this does, it actually |
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| 12:22 | is the, it blocks um so bind toxin binds the axon and blocks |
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| 12:30 | of the chemical. Ok. So it normally would release when the toxin |
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| 12:36 | bound and then enters the cell, blocks the, the uh release of |
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| 12:40 | chemical. So even though the, neuron is stimulated, it can't release |
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| 12:44 | acetylcholine. So the muscle can't right? And so that's what we |
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| 12:49 | a flaccid paralysis. Ok. And both for tetanus and botulism, one |
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| 12:56 | really from respiratory failure, followed by failure, right? Because remember those |
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| 13:00 | systems are very closely connected, And so stress on breathing is gonna |
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| 13:05 | to stress on your heart. So gonna die. So the um uh |
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| 13:12 | uh so in breathing, of you have, we have diaphragm, |
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| 13:16 | ? That muscle underneath your uh lungs when it contracts it uh expands your |
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| 13:23 | and the negative pressure brings air right? And so the diaphragm, |
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| 13:28 | course, of muscle, it could affected by the toxic. So it |
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| 13:31 | uh contract properly even though it's getting signal, right? That, |
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| 13:36 | that toxin is preventing it. And breathing is impaired, you know, |
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| 13:40 | followed by respiratory cardiac failure as Ok. And so, um of |
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| 13:47 | , you know, if you if you suspect you've, you've have |
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| 13:50 | kind of wound or something that may contaminated. Then, uh, |
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| 13:55 | if you haven't had a tetanus you get a tetanus toxoid, uh |
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| 13:59 | shot um, to, to, that will, that will cure |
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| 14:03 | right? If you don't get treatment you haven't been vaccinated, then, |
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| 14:08 | know, then it can be So, um, on that vaccine |
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| 14:12 | I don't have botched of vaccine. if you don't get the antitoxin, |
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| 14:15 | then of course, it can it can be fatal. OK? |
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| 14:19 | , with tetanus, the same death of results the same way. But |
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| 14:23 | just in terms of how the muscle react differently to the toxin. |
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| 14:29 | So, and this is, don't this. This is just showing you |
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| 14:32 | uh refreshing your memory on how the um muscle muscles uh work together, |
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| 14:39 | ? To produce a smooth movement of limb, right? Uh So you |
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| 14:44 | an antagonistic muscle groups, right? uh hamstring quadriceps, right? Uh |
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| 14:51 | leg movement, the uh the uh , tricep, right? Same |
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| 14:55 | bi tricep contracts, uh bicep contracts relaxes to make a smooth movement, |
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| 15:03 | ? So what's going on is you know, you're having, you |
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| 15:07 | need to have inhibitory uh reactions going . So you inhibit one muscle group |
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| 15:14 | allow the other muscle group to contract so contracting, relaxing, opposing muscle |
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| 15:19 | . And so that involves these interneurons here, which produces inhibitory signals. |
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| 15:26 | . So, of course, you're have different neurotransmitters, right? Acetylcholine |
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| 15:32 | con contraction type uh actions. Uh this other one that's called Gab A |
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| 15:39 | , Gaba, for short is when see in inhibitory responses. OK. |
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| 15:45 | Gabba is released to kind of inhibit muscle group from contracting while allowing Aceto |
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| 15:50 | to do the contraction of the other group. And that gives you a |
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| 15:54 | movement. OK. And that's what interferes with. Tetanus interferes with the |
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| 15:59 | types of uh interactions. And so what happens is so tetanus you acquire |
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| 16:07 | , typically it through some kind of wound is how it happens. And |
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| 16:10 | it it gets contaminated with soil um you don't clean it out properly |
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| 16:15 | then in the area where damage uh it can be uh a situation |
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| 16:20 | it becomes anaerobic because the tissue is and oxygen is not getting there. |
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| 16:25 | so it begins becomes anaerobic and that up the conditions for clostridium to |
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| 16:30 | Ok. So it grows, produce toxin and that toxin, OK, |
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| 16:35 | travel up the neuron. Ok. so it blocks inhibitory neurotransmitters, which |
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| 16:42 | what gab A is. OK. so uh so instead of having a |
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| 16:48 | kind of working of muscle groups, spasmodic. OK. So the spasmodic |
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| 16:54 | again, if it's the the respiratory in diaphragm, you know, spasmodic |
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| 16:59 | isn't good either, right? You respire properly. And so that can |
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| 17:04 | to Respi uh cardiac failure as Ok. So, not surprisingly these |
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| 17:09 | both neurotoxins, both working on muscles slightly different ways. Uh But it's |
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| 17:16 | surprising that they're not closely related in of homology. OK. And they |
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| 17:21 | , and so, and they're both type that have the, the A |
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| 17:25 | structure. So one part binds uh , the active part gets in there |
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| 17:29 | does and does the work. And , um uh so, but |
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| 17:35 | the, the effect is like slightly , right? Either the muscle can't |
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| 17:40 | or it can but does so Ok. So that's tetanus and |
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| 17:47 | Um Any questions about that? Ok. So let's look at |
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| 17:54 | So listeriosis, we have likely all this at one time or another unknowingly |
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| 18:02 | uh especially if you're one that likes maybe not pay attention so much the |
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| 18:07 | date on foods. Ok. And like to eat things like salamis and |
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| 18:11 | deli meats and cheeses and hot Um That's where Listeria can, you |
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| 18:18 | acquire it from. So it's a borne illness as well. Ok. |
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| 18:22 | so also things like smoked foods like salmon, for example. Um And |
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| 18:27 | vegetables can also be a source. obviously, clean, clean your |
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| 18:32 | There was another reason to not get . Uh But for most, you |
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| 18:35 | , they have a healthy immune Ok. The steria will give you |
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| 18:41 | if you eat to contaminated with the may be a slight stomach upset, |
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| 18:45 | G I tract upset maybe some But, um, that's it. |
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| 18:51 | . Then you're over it. Uh, it may not even be |
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| 18:54 | bad. Ok. Uh, but there are those, of course |
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| 18:58 | are more susceptible. Ok. So is widespread, widely spread in |
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| 19:02 | right? Birds, fish, different , solar water. So it's really |
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| 19:07 | , uh, in a lot of . And so, uh, theyre |
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| 19:10 | positive rods, kind of short, size. And, um, so |
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| 19:16 | , most that get it maybe mild or nothing. Uh but it can |
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| 19:22 | invasive. So it's a type that be one of those um uh intracellular |
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| 19:28 | intracellular pathogens, they get inside your . So they have these, these |
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| 19:32 | the invasions, the proteins that enable to get engulfed. So they can |
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| 19:36 | hide from the immune system and they use that as a springboard to kind |
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| 19:40 | get deeper into the body and your . Um uh but you know, |
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| 19:47 | see kind of how the cycle goes this. And so especially uh important |
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| 19:51 | those that are um pregnant, pregnant . Ok. Like with all these |
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| 19:59 | infectious diseases, the ones that succumb the worst effects are typically very young |
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| 20:03 | very old, right? Because their systems aren't developed or, or in |
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| 20:07 | case of being older, they are in terms of their potency, so |
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| 20:12 | speak. OK. But aside from two groups, right, the ones |
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| 20:18 | are really should be aware of this pregnant women, OK. Not the |
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| 20:22 | necessarily, but the baby, Because these bacteria, if, if |
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| 20:27 | so they tell mothers or, or mothers to um to restrict your intake |
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| 20:34 | these kinds of processed foods. We mentioned jelly meats and cheeses is also |
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| 20:38 | the category for the duration of the . Ok. Uh Because the bacteria |
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| 20:44 | cross the placenta and affect the fetus so stillbirth can result, baby could |
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| 20:50 | born but could have severe issues. , uh best to avoid these kinds |
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| 20:56 | foods if you're pregnant. Ok. And you can go to cdc.gov to |
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| 21:01 | , they have a whole thing there a chart of what to avoid and |
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| 21:06 | and that and the other. Um let's look at kind of some of |
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| 21:11 | Vence factors for this thing. So is a um like I said, |
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| 21:16 | invasions, right? So we can uh get inside cells. And so |
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| 21:22 | it's a food borne. Obviously, gonna get into your intestinal cells and |
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| 21:26 | has the um interestingly, it's motile the body. It's got a flagellum |
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| 21:32 | inside it loses it. Uh And it can move because it has the |
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| 21:37 | in rockets, right? So, it takes the act to monitor sticks |
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| 21:41 | on one end of the cell polymerizes it allows it to move through the |
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| 21:47 | . That's what you see here and even penetrate into other cells. |
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| 21:52 | And So the um uh other has different types of adhesions to help uh |
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| 22:00 | into cells. There's various enzymes and as well. Um Fossil lipase acts |
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| 22:06 | the membrane, it kind of helps it. Um The uh but the |
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| 22:12 | here uh very important. So like said, I try to pick diseases |
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| 22:16 | have like distinctive features. And this one from the pseudomembrane, the |
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| 22:21 | but this one, it's um low . So it grows at low |
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| 22:25 | And you can see here uh starting this level here, this actually represents |
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| 22:31 | one, 1234 logs of growth. that that is significant growth and that's |
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| 22:40 | in 24 hours, obviously, but know, within three weeks. |
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| 22:45 | And that's at four degrees. So at 20 degrees, right? It's |
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| 22:49 | , right? This these counts are going down, they're staying cost so |
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| 22:54 | they're viable cells at minus 20. . So uh you probably, you |
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| 23:02 | have heard, I think there I think it occurred, they occurred |
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| 23:06 | year but about five or six years , it was an outbreak of the |
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| 23:10 | traced to Bluebell ice cream up in and it turned out it was the |
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| 23:17 | uh holding tank for the ice cream was went through the tap and then |
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| 23:23 | bottled or put in cartons, And that apparatus was all contaminated with |
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| 23:29 | stereo. So for ice cream you do your thing at cold |
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| 23:33 | And so, uh you need to aware of Listeria in that case and |
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| 23:39 | , you know, proper hygienic disinfect your equipment, that kind of |
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| 23:43 | because the steria will survive in, those temperatures. So, um uh |
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| 23:49 | again, obviously, foods in your , right? That, that uh |
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| 23:53 | they can remain viable. So if see I'd say, um if you |
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| 23:59 | those kind of foods that if you like a slimy layer forming on the |
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| 24:04 | after probably after the expiration date, probably listeria, maybe growing in |
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| 24:08 | maybe don't eat it. Ok. So anyway, like I said, |
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| 24:12 | you have a healthy immune system, be fine. Ok? Uh Worst |
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| 24:16 | , you may get a little bit stomach upset. Ok? But if |
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| 24:19 | pregnant, I wouldn't, I wouldn't around with it. Ok. Um |
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| 24:26 | so here's kind of the best and . And so it's called this |
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| 24:31 | I mean, it could end basically most that are healthy. It |
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| 24:34 | it ends right there. Ok. it gets in your gut, maybe |
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| 24:38 | little bit of issue, maybe nothing all, you know, but if |
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| 24:42 | the invasive type, well, then can uh enter your cells passing through |
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| 24:48 | nodes, capillaries. Remember your intestines highly vascularized, lots of capillaries, |
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| 24:54 | because that's where uh uh your body picking up nutrients to feed your |
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| 24:59 | right. So it's gonna be lots blood vessels and lymph vessels there. |
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| 25:02 | so, so it was gonna travel that and then, and then make |
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| 25:08 | way through the bloodstream, ok? that's where you can get the worst |
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| 25:12 | , ok? But again, this for typically those that are immunocompromised if |
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| 25:16 | young or old and uh it can your um liver and spleen. Uh |
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| 25:22 | more importantly, getting to the it's like the, I think the |
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| 25:26 | or fifth um cause of meningitis. . Down the list. Not, |
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| 25:33 | , not as common, but it like number four or five on that |
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| 25:37 | . Um But the more important thing is the affecting the fetus. So |
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| 25:41 | cross the placenta, like the fetus it in some cases or, or |
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| 25:46 | to severe issues if it is OK. So the main thing |
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| 25:53 | you know, for food manufacturers, course, hygienic practices, that kind |
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| 25:57 | thing. Um And so uh you , it's, it's not nothing to |
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| 26:03 | around with uh any questions about listeria . And so um OK, so |
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| 26:12 | last thing here is going to be get this question, rabies in |
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| 26:20 | So we had a question about average of cases. Uh So for humans |
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| 26:27 | do come down with it, um the source typically? So let me |
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| 26:38 | and say in the US. there actually is a different answer. |
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| 26:48 | worldwide but we'll go with us. . Mhm Do. Yeah. Mhm |
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| 27:26 | . Counting down from two one. in the seat. All right. |
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| 27:35 | didn't google it. Right. it is c, it's actually |
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| 27:40 | Ok. In the US worldwide, , I think it is dogs, |
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| 27:44 | in the US it's bats, 70%. I think of cases are |
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| 27:49 | bite. Um, but, and not dogs and cats? Well, |
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| 27:53 | in the US, we vaccinate, vaccinate our pets. Ok. |
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| 27:59 | the, uh, worldwide though, pretty sure it's, it's dogs, |
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| 28:03 | the most common cause. But the thing about rabies, good and |
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| 28:07 | is if you get bit, your of surviving are 100 nearly 100% |
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| 28:14 | because you have a long window to treatment. Ok. It's a very |
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| 28:19 | progressing disease. Um, but in initial stages of like, say the |
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| 28:25 | 30 to 60 days, you got window to get treatment. Ok. |
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| 28:31 | , if you get bit, go treatment, but, uh, don't |
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| 28:34 | around forever. Um, bad news if you do, don't get treatment |
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| 28:40 | you experience, begin to experience the of rabies, then it's pretty much |
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| 28:47 | chance you're gonna die. Ok. within that 30 to 50 day window |
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| 28:52 | treatment if you get that. Um, there's been like one case |
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| 28:57 | a human who actually survived, I after experiencing the symptoms of rabies. |
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| 29:02 | not good chances. Ok. So rabies is a viral disease. It's |
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| 29:07 | small virus kind of bullet shaped RN A virus. Um And |
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| 29:13 | uh here we are looking at an of this picture of a dog |
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| 29:17 | And so with um with rabies, it relies on creating these symptoms in |
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| 29:26 | animal that promotes like um jaw tightening and creating spasms in the throat, |
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| 29:35 | ? And uh this is that it's um it used to be called |
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| 29:41 | fear of water, right? So not an actual fear of water, |
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| 29:45 | looks like that because, uh, have these throat spasms and if you |
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| 29:50 | , if you wanna try to it makes it worse. Right. |
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| 29:54 | , we've all seen, uh, the, you know, the rabid |
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| 29:59 | foams at the mouth, right? that comes from that behavior of, |
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| 30:03 | spoke spasms and difficulty swallowing and it that effect. Um, but if |
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| 30:09 | , if you put water in front them or you, or when, |
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| 30:13 | you, if a human has, they start thinking about water, they |
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| 30:15 | want to deal with it. Because it creates that, that |
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| 30:18 | So, um, very unusual, on the behalf of the virus, |
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| 30:23 | what it wants the infected animal or to do because that's how it gets |
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| 30:30 | . That's how it travels from, , the host to the next |
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| 30:33 | Ok. It's through that, through bite. And so you wanna make |
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| 30:36 | you have your viruses up there in , in the throat and that's kind |
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| 30:40 | the effect of that makes that And so the other thing is they |
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| 30:44 | of slow growing, right? So say you get, let's say this |
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| 30:47 | gets a bit like you see that on the ankle, above the |
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| 30:50 | Uh, so it'll get into muscle connective tissue. Ok. So then |
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| 30:55 | be in the cyst, kind of there for a good while, like |
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| 30:58 | said, 30 40 50 days before begins then to migrate up peripheral |
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| 31:05 | Ok? Um It doesn't produce a immune response from your body. |
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| 31:12 | Because the number of viruses entering via bite aren't a lot. Um |
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| 31:20 | uh it's in muscle and connective So it, it doesn't go into |
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| 31:25 | lymph vessels because remember that's where like b cells and your t cells and |
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| 31:30 | and things are at that can help produce an immune response. So it |
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| 31:34 | really go that route. So you have a big immune response to |
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| 31:37 | So it kind of just sits right? But, but again, |
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| 31:40 | got that window of 40 50 60 at that point where you can get |
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| 31:46 | , right? And the treatment is just getting um get vaccine. So |
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| 31:50 | one of the, one of the diseases we get, get vaccinated and |
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| 31:54 | vaccine works. Um after you've acquired disease, right? Because of a |
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| 32:00 | period of, and it's kind of when it's in muscle and, and |
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| 32:04 | tissue. Ok? And so you that window to get treatment from a |
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| 32:09 | and they give you a shot of of antibodies, of anti rabies |
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| 32:15 | So that's that um what we call , the artificially acquired passive immunity, |
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| 32:21 | ? So you get those two treatments that, that will fix you. |
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| 32:24 | . But again, only within that because as they travel into the |
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| 32:29 | now, now they're gonna be hidden the body. Ok. So peripheral |
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| 32:33 | and central nervous system, and you get these weird symptoms here. |
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| 32:39 | if you get begin to experience these of symptoms, right? The |
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| 32:44 | throat spasm, swallowing, difficulty um kind of symptoms of like neurological |
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| 32:52 | , you're gonna be toast, So it's, it's pretty much done |
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| 32:56 | you start experiencing that because you can't anything with the person, right? |
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| 32:59 | they won't respond to uh any kind vaccine or treatments because the virus is |
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| 33:04 | now in those neurons. Ok? so two types, they call it |
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| 33:11 | animal animals acquire furious and paralytic. furious rabies are the ones like a |
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| 33:17 | , right? It becomes very uh uh bi biting behavior and uh |
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| 33:25 | a cat, you see the that's like the paralytic type. So |
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| 33:28 | of zombie like dumbfounded, uh not aggressive, uh kind of out of |
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| 33:34 | . Uh But those kind of different in those two animal types. The |
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| 33:39 | and so again, it's, you , as it progresses, of |
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| 33:42 | this virus is destroying neurons and you're feel the effects of that convulsions and |
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| 33:47 | and things like that. Uh But , at that point, there's really |
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| 33:51 | that can be done in like many . Uh you can sometimes see depending |
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| 33:59 | the type of viral infection kind of viral proteins. So we all remember |
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| 34:05 | , viruses, cell copy the genome viral proteins assemble, you know, |
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| 34:11 | viruses. So in part of that , some of those viral proteins kind |
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| 34:16 | can clump together and we see them these negri bodies. OK? That's |
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| 34:20 | you see in the photograph. And of these things and so if |
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| 34:24 | look at a infect affected animal, at the brain tissue under the |
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| 34:29 | you see these characteristic um Granules in the neurons, they call bodies due |
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| 34:36 | the rabies virus infection. OK. um the um and then the treatment |
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| 34:44 | just mentioned, right? So we a what's called sort of post exposure |
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| 34:47 | , right? So you, you've been infected and then you can |
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| 34:51 | the vaccine only because this virus is slow progressing and it's susceptible to it |
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| 34:57 | the early stages, right? And you give it the um anti rabies |
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| 35:02 | antibodies as well. So both those only the the pre exposure. So |
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| 35:08 | know getting a vaccine, those that vaccinated for this. OK? Um |
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| 35:13 | gonna be what you think animal control . Um, veterinarians, these are |
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| 35:18 | types of people that would get vaccinated this. OK. The rest of |
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| 35:21 | really don't. Ok. Uh We on if we do get a bit |
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| 35:25 | , on this kind of treatment. exposure. OK. Oh, any |
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| 35:33 | ? All right. So let's look some questions. All right. So |
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| 35:40 | the kind of stuff to know regarding . Um So you be time to |
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| 35:47 | that. So we got 123456 different here. Really? Ok. Let |
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| 36:30 | pause there for a few seconds. . Let's count down from 10. |
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| 36:57 | . So just in case you picked pick something else. Yeah, it's |
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| 37:04 | G there is an incorrect match. . Now everybody switched their answer. |
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| 37:14 | and um yeah, it's e It's diphtheria is uh would cause that |
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| 37:23 | streptococcus pneumonia kate bacterium is the Yeah. So that's not correctly |
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| 37:29 | Let's look at this one um that . Ok. Right. Mhm. |
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| 38:38 | . Ok. Let's count down from seven, 654. Yep. It |
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| 38:55 | B oops B So this question in previous one are kind of here's a |
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| 39:02 | , here's a feature. Does it ? Right. The next couple of |
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| 39:05 | are about kind of thinking, you what's common among some of these |
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| 39:11 | right. So let's look at this here. Um So the pathogen is |
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| 39:16 | below which has an environmental reservoir. the soil water, John. Oh |
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| 39:34 | . That's be a good idea. we go. Oops, last |
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| 39:41 | here we go. There. Let check. Ok. I'm counting down |
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| 40:28 | 76. Ok. And sir, , there we are see, let's |
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| 40:47 | , the, the, the ones are human reservoirs are this one |
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| 40:53 | human, no animal. What's the with me? I human demon. |
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| 41:05 | , uh Clostridium and both of those in soil, right? Uh mystery |
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| 41:12 | water spread throughout water, right? this is animal, of course. |
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| 41:17 | um three, right? OK. Next one kind of also what's common |
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| 41:27 | these, which is not considered an or facultative intracellular pathogen. OK. |
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| 41:40 | there is no G so to be , which is A through E oh |
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| 42:06 | us. Let me check. All . Mhm OK. I cut out |
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| 42:43 | 10. All right. Uh they're all obligate frac you know, |
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| 43:00 | pretty obvious that this guy is And that guy virus, right? |
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| 43:05 | is. But yeah, legionella they can all, you know, |
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| 43:10 | to a cell or be in a . All right. Then we end |
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| 43:15 | this one. OK. Last Yeah, there can only be one |
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| 43:31 | to this one. Ok. Mm. In Yeah. Your best |
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| 43:44 | , your reason for living. Most intimate friends. OK. Deep |
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| 43:57 | down 43 21. Of course, e all the above. Hey, |
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| 44:09 | . Uh that's it. I'll be touch through emails come by if you |
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| 44:15 | visit our, um, come for hours, just email me the day |
|
| 44:19 | we'll coordinate. Ok. Have a |
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